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专利与技术创新存在着紧密的联系,如果泛泛地以专利分析工具对行业技术创新进行研究是一个无目的无限度的庞大工程,而根据分析者的需要,进行分析框架的构建则使得整个分析工作不仅系统而且目的性强。基于专利分析的行业技术创新研究以基于专利分析的行业技术创新研究的特点及专利分析与行业技术创新活动特征的对应关系研究为基础,以此构建行业技术创新活动特征的专利分析框架,为行业技术创新研究提供重要的专利分析信息。基于分析框架进行专利分析或技术创新研究是一个双向的互通过程,可以根据专利分析的内容选择、指导行业技术创新特点的研究;也可以基于行业技术创新研究的需要选择专利分析的内容。基于专利分析的行业技术创新研究对于技术创新内在属性差异包括技术创新模式、技术创新过程特点的差异分析有着极其重要的意义。 相似文献
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现有借助专利及其引文探讨基础研究影响技术创新的文献多通过科学关联度、引用时滞等指标进行简单地描述性分析,缺乏对专利价值的探讨,难以系统解释基础研究对技术创新的作用机理。本文选取动力电池作为研究对象,基于德温特专利数据库,运用Tobit回归分析方法探讨基础研究对技术创新的作用机理。结果表明：（1）整体上动力电池基础研究对技术创新促进作用显著,分技术领域分析发现燃料电池和锂电池基础研究对技术创新促进作用显著,镍氢电池不显著;（2）整体上动力电池基础研究对技术创新促进作用随时间变化不显著,分技术领域分析发现锂电池基础研究对技术创新促进作用随时间变化显著,且促进程度呈逐年降低趋势,但燃料电池和镍氢电池不显著。本文丰富了现有基础研究和技术创新关系理论,并对动力电池产学研合作及政府制定动力电池产业创新发展政策具有指导意义。 相似文献
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追踪和探讨科学研究如何有效促进技术创新是创新管理与政策研究领域的重要问题。本文利用美国专利及商标局2005-2019年的专利数据与引用科学文献的数据,研究仪器产业科学知识的异质性特征对创新绩效的影响。研究发现科学关联度与科学质量均对专利质量表现出倒U型影响;仪器领域的技术创新对近期科学知识的依赖显著强于远期科学知识;知识来源多样性对专利质量表现出负向的影响,专利权人与科学文献作者来源的一致性对技术创新起到积极的促进作用,仪器创新呈现出高度的知识—技术区域集聚性特征。这些结论可为促进我国仪器产业自主创新提供一定的政策启示。 相似文献
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企业实施绿色技术创新不应忽略管理层特征的重要影响。基于高层梯队理论,研究利用2008-2019年中国A股上市公司绿色专利数据,考察CEO学术经历与企业绿色创新之间的关系。研究发现,CEO学术经历能够在一定程度上促进企业绿色技术创新,结果在一系列的检验后依旧稳健。进一步研究发现,提高研发投入水平与缓解融资约束是CEO学术经历提升企业绿色技术创新水平的重要作用机制;且国有企业中CEO学术经历对绿色技术创新的促进作用更强。研究丰富了对企业实施绿色技术创新的前因研究,为CEO学术经历提升企业绿色技术创新提供了理论支持与经验证据。 相似文献
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专利文献以高度信息化和国际化的特点,快速地反映着当今世界技术发展的最新前沿水平,是指导技术创新的重要信息来源之一。然而,全面、准确地获取所需的专利文献并不容易。尤其是对于"绿色技术"这样的新兴技术领域,如何在浩如烟海的专利数据中检索出需要的专利文献是值得讨论的问题。本文分析"绿色技术"专利检索的目的,探讨目前"绿色技术"专利检索的主要方法及其存在的问题,最后在介绍USPC绿色专利索引和WIPO国际绿色专利索引的基础上,具体分析如何使检索到"绿色技术"专利更加精确、全面。 相似文献
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环境规制和绿色技术创新是实现经济高质量发展的重要因素,环境规制对绿色技术创新的影响是学术界关注的热点问题。现有文献侧重研究环境规制对总体绿色技术创新的影响,本文将其细分为清洁生产技术创新和治污技术创新,构建数理模型,探求环境规制对异质型绿色技术创新的影响机制,并利用2010—2019年中国30个省份面板数据,建立静态和动态面板回归模型进行实证检验。研究表明：(1)随着环境规制水平的提升,总体绿色技术创新、清洁生产技术创新呈现先降后升的趋势,即二者与环境规制均呈“U”型曲线。(2)环境规制水平对治污技术创新存在正向影响作用。(3)就控制变量而言,企业规模促进总体绿色技术创新;所有制结构促进清洁生产技术创新而不利于治污技术创新;贸易开放度对治污技术创新影响有促进作用;研发投入对不同类型绿色技术创新的作用效果有所不同。最后,根据研究结论从环境规制强度、环境规制措施、企业规模和贸易开放度等方面提出促进绿色技术创新的政策建议。 相似文献
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随着知识产权保护意识的加强、专利制度功能不断地深入人心以及专利战略的重要性日益显现,从专利角度揭示技术创新活动特征的重要性也不断加强。专利已成为科学技术发展的重要指示器,无论是从制度安排还是专利信息又或者是专利产出,专利与技术创新的关联十分紧密,而进行基于专利分析的行业技术创新研究需要在晰清专利与技术创新理论关联的基础之上。分析专利与技术创新存在着紧密联系的前提是分析二者关系的起点,揭示专利在不同层面与技术创新的关联是二者在理论上关联的主要内容,而分析专利用于技术创新研究的优缺点并进一步对专利角度技术创新研究的特点进行探讨则是二者具有关联的理论应用延伸,从这几个方面进行分析和研究以实现晰清专利与技术创新理论关联的目的。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]采用对专利和文献相结合的计量分析进一步观察本体技术的发展趋势和研究热点,为之后的研究提供参考。[方法/过程]以Patentics专利平台以及CNKI为数据源,从专利年度申请量分布、技术领域分布、主要申请机构分布及其之间的合作、竞争关系的角度以及文献的角度对2014—2018近5来本体技术的发展情况进行分析。[结果/结论]结果表明从专利视角看关于本体技术的研究迄今为止呈持续增长趋势,创新主体主要由科研院所、高校以及企业组成,且大致形成产学研合作的局面,但合作关系不密切,中科院和国家电网有较大的竞争优势;从文献视角看研究呈下降趋势,创新主体主要由高校组成。综合而言,本体技术已进入实际应用阶段,最后把本体技术相关的研究热点归纳为5类,未来将引入更多的新兴技术朝着本体构建自动化、个性化的方向发展。 相似文献
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日益严峻的环境问题已然成为制约中国经济发展的一大因素，绿色技术创新有助于实现经济可持续发展和生态环境改善的“双赢”局面，提高绿色技术创新能力是转变经济发展方式和优化产业结构的战略支撑。本文基于中国工业企业数据库，中国城市统计年鉴以及国家知识产权局专利数据库，采用绿色专利数作为地区绿色技术创新的代理变量，利用海岸线距离构造工具变量，考察外商直接投资（FDI）对地区绿色技术创新的溢出效应。实证分析表明，FDI通过知识外溢、示范效应以及竞争效应对地区绿色技术创新产生明显的外溢效应，显著地促进了绿色专利数量的增加。进一步从地区异质性来看，金融生态环境的改善，环境规制水平的提高，外向型经济的发展，均有助于地区绿色技术创新水平的提升。本文的研究为我国政府科学制定外资政策，发挥外资绿色技术创新最大化溢出效应提供可借鉴的思路。 相似文献
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基于环境污染引致政府和公众对绿色创新高度关注以及绿色工艺创新研究较少的背景,本文基于28个制造业行业十年的面板数据,运用被中介的调节效应模型,探究绿色工艺创新和财务绩效之间的关系以及资源约束的调节效应和吸收能力的中介效应。研究结果表明：绿色工艺创新对财务绩效具有显著的正向影响,其中,清洁生产技术创新对财务绩效的提升作用更显著;资源约束对清洁生产技术创新、末端治理技术创新与财务绩效关系的调节作用显著,且对清洁生产技术创新的激励作用更显著;此外,资源约束对清洁生产技术创新和财务绩效关系的调节作用是以吸收能力为中介。本研究拓展了绿色工艺创新理论研究,为制造业行业由绿色工艺创新获益提供了新思路。 相似文献
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The low-carbon pilot policy has played an important role when China make efforts to achieve the carbon emission reduction targets. In order to study whether the construction of low-carbon pilot policy can induce enterprises to carry out green technology innovation, this paper uses China′s low-carbon pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment, constructs a difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) model that "before-after the implementation of the low-carbon pilot policy; if or not in the pilot city; if or not belongs to the high carbon emission industry". Since the third batch of low-carbon pilot cities was officially announced in 2017, the duration of the policy is not enough for us to evaluate its effect, so we take the pilot cities announced in 2010 and 2012 as the main research object. The number of enterprises authorized green patents and micro-economic characteristics of listed companies in China from 2006 to 2017 were used to evaluate the effect of the low-carbon pilot policy on enterprises′ green technology innovation, and explore whether the Porter hypothesis based on China′s low-carbon pilot policy is valid.
The results show that: (1) The implementation of the low-carbon pilot policy has significantly improved the green technology innovation level of high-carbon emission enterprises in the pilot cities. The policy has increased the proportion of green patents of high-carbon emission enterprises in the pilot area by 0.929%, and the coefficient is significant at the 5% significance level. Furthermore, the low-carbon pilot policy has a positive effect on both green invention patent and green utility model patent of high-carbon emission enterprises in the pilot area, but has a more significant effect on the green utility model patent. The conclusion of the DDD estimation confirms the validity of the Porter hypothesis based on the low-carbon pilot policy in China.
(2)In order to solve the problem of sample selection bias caused by the difference in initial conditions between the treat group and the control group, this paper introduces the propensity score matching method (PSM), and adopts the propensity score matching-DDD (PSM-DDD) method for the first time to explore the effect of the low-carbon pilot policy on green technological innovation of high carbon emission enterprises within pilot cities. The effectiveness of the matching process is proved through the matching balance test and drawing the propensity score value density function graph. The results of the PSM-DDD are basically similar to those obtained by the DDD method. At the same time, this paper proves the validity of the conclusions through parallel trend hypothesis test and a series of robustness tests.
(3)The analysis of enterprises geographic heterogeneity shows that the low-carbon pilot policy has significantly improved the green technology innovation of high carbon emission enterprises within the pilot cities in the eastern and western regions, but for those in the central region, the low-carbon pilot policy even has a negative inhibitory effect on their green technology innovation. After grouping the data by patent types, we can see that, for green invention patents, the low-carbon pilot policy can significantly promote the green invention patents of high-carbon emission enterprises in the pilot cities in the eastern and western regions, but it has no significant impact on enterprises in the central region; for green utility model patents, the low-carbon pilot policy only has a positive effect on the utility model patents of high-carbon emission enterprises in the pilot cities in the eastern region, but has no significant impact on the green utility model patents of enterprises in the central and western regions.
(4)The analysis of enterprise ownership heterogeneity shows that the low-carbon pilot policy has significantly improved the green technological innovation of non-state-owned high-carbon emission enterprises in the pilot cities, but has no significant impact on the green technology innovation of state-owned enterprises in the pilot cities. Among them, the low-carbon pilot policy has a significant positive effect on promoting both green invention patents and utility model patents of non-state-owned high-carbon emission enterprises in the pilot cities. As for the state-owned high-carbon emission enterprises in the pilot cities, the low-carbon pilot policy only has a positive effect on their green utility model patents, but has no significant impact on green invention patents.
The results of this paper further expand the study on the Porter hypothesis and the evaluation of the low-carbon pilot policy. 相似文献
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摘要 为研究科学与现有技术对中国传统产业技术创新质量的影响,促进传统产业对科学和现有技术的继承。本文以中药上市企业的中药专利数据为样本,使用零膨胀负二项回归和突变级数法,从静态和动态两个维度分析了中药继承对创新质量影响。发现专利引文数量对创新质量有稳健的消极影响,跨技术领域引证2004年后对创新质量有积极影响,科学引文数量对创新质量随时间由消极影响转变为积极影响,技术标准和古代医药典籍在2003-2004年对创新质量有积极影响,现代医药图书在整体上对创新质量有积极影响。 相似文献
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企业绿色技术创新是促进经济发展同环境污染尽早“脱钩”的有效措施,也是全面可持续发展目标实现的重要动力。企业不同类型绿色技术创新之间并非完全独立,处于不断升级的过程。借助642家工业企业调研数据对政府价格规制与企业绿色技术创新升级的关系展开实证研究,试图回答清楚在企业绿色技术创新动态演进过程中,政府价格型规制的作用节点和效果。研究结果表明,企业绿色技术创新升级路径是显著存在的,绿色工艺创新是中介变量,且间接路径所占的比重要大于直接路径。政府价格规制对企业绿色技术创新升级存在正向的调节作用,但是调节的作用节点仅存在于绿色工艺创新向绿色产品升级的过程中,且政府价格规制对绿色工艺创新与绿色产品创新关系的调节作用具有边界性。上述研究对于深入理解如何构建市场导向的绿色技术创新体系具有指导意义,也为提升环境治理能力贡献理论支撑。 相似文献
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绿色技术创新可划分为末端治理技术创新、绿色工艺创新和绿色产品创新,在改进环境绩效和市场竞争力的同时,也能够提高企业的经济绩效。本文构建了绿色技术创新升级和经济绩效改善的关系模型,以642家工业企业为样本进行实证分析。研究结果表明：①企业3类绿色技术创新均能够显著改善其环境绩效和市场竞争力。②企业环境绩效和市场竞争力是经济绩效传导过程中的重要中介变量。③企业末端治理技术创新能够促进绿色工艺创新和绿色产品创新,企业绿色工艺创新能够正向影响企业的绿色产品创新,即不同类型绿色技术创新之间存在技术创新升级的空间。④不同类型绿色技术创新向经济绩效传导的路径存在一定的差异性,表现为绿色工艺创新能够直接产生经济绩效,而末端治理技术创新、绿色产品创新只能通过间接路径提高企业的经济绩效。通过上述研究识别了企业3种不同类型绿色技术创新之间的传导关系,对比分析了不同类型绿色技术创新经济绩效提升的异同性,给出了更多的企业绿色技术创新经济绩效提升的路径,对于深化绿色技术创新过程认识及优化政策设计具有重要意义。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 我国专利数量巨大,但质量高低不齐。高质量专利对技术追踪、技术引进和资产管理极其重要,低质劣质专利则会阻碍科技创新的评估。聚焦高质量专利并进行挖掘可以获取更加深层与核心的情报,但高质量专利筛选却如"大海捞针",目前尚无可行的识别筛选方法。探索适合中国专利的高质量专利评价模型及筛选方法迫在眉睫。[方法/过程] 通过文献调研法对当前专利质量及评价进行综合归纳的基础上,延伸并界定高质量专利的内涵,对专利质量评价维度及指标进行创新拓展,构建分级、分层的多维视角专利质量评价指标体系,并基于创新指标体系建立高质量专利识别方法流程模型,最后以上海市高质量专利分布现状为例验证了方法模型的实用性及可行性,并为创新主体提出相应建议。[结果/结论] 研究结果表明本文提出的高质量专利指标模型及识别方法具有较强的科学性和可操作性,利用该指标模型和识别方法可对某地区或某领域的大批量专利进行筛选识别,为实现专利技术情报的科学高效利用提供有价值的参考。 相似文献
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How to promote green technology innovation has attracted the attention of governments and academia at present. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that, we should accelerate green development and promote enterprises to carry out green technology innovation. Some scholars have begun to explore how to speed up green technology innovation from different dimensions, such as environmental regulation and government support, including OFDI as one important channel of international technology spillover. Under one belt and one road construction, the strategy of "going out" are being pushed forward. China has become the second largest OFDI country in the world, and it has profound impact on both the world′s economic development and itself. It is particularly noteworthy that the adverse effects of rapidly growing OFDI on domestic green technology innovation cannot be ignored. Unfortunately, the research on the relationship between OFDI and green technology innovation in China is just in beginning, and there is still a lot of controversy, especially the lack of heterogeneous dynamic response based on the nonlinear perspective to explore the impact of OFDI on the efficiency of domestic green innovation. As well, does the rapid increase of OFDI reverse promote the efficiency of green innovation in China, and what is the effect? If there is a positive impact, how can it be strengthened? What are the dynamic evolution characteristics and internal constraint mechanism of OFDI′s reverse green innovation effect? We need objective answer to the above questions with great significance to China′s strategic coordination of opening up and green development.
Literature analysis shows that, there is no consensus on whether OFDI reversely promotes green innovation in home country, and further research is necessary. In particular, there are still some shortcomings. Firstly, most scholars mainly study the relationship between OFDI and home country green innovation from a linear perspective, but pay less attention to the nonlinear dynamic effect of OFDI reverse green innovation. Secondly, the existing research on how to effectively release the regulatory factors of OFDI reverse green innovation spillover is very limited, especially the lack of heterogeneous dynamic constraint mechanism of OFDI reverse green innovation spillover in China. The main innovation of this paper is that, from the perspective of heterogeneous nonlinear dynamics, it provides a new perspective for a deep understanding of the internal evolution mechanism of China′s OFDI reverse green innovation spillover, and also provides some policy implications for China to correctly the dynamic relationship between OFDI and domestic green innovation in China new era.
Based on Chinese 2004-2017 inter-provincial panel data, and using the threshold regression technology, this paper empirically examines the heterogeneous dynamic effects of OFDI′s reverse green innovation and its regulatory mechanism. The study results shows that: OFDI has significantly promoted domestic green innovation efficiency, and the reverse green innovation spillover of OFDI in the eastern and central regions is significantly stronger than the western region; OFDI′s reverse green innovation spillover shows dynamic evolution process from weak to strong, but only appears in the western region, and the central and eastern regions show positive "U"-shaped nonlinear characteristic; OFDI′s reverse green innovation spillover has heterogeneous dynamic strengthening mechanism. Under the constraints of industrial upgrading, urbanization, financial development, and intellectual property rights protection, there is positive and increasing marginal efficiency evolution process. Both IPR protection and trade opening are regulated with inverted "U"-shaped dynamic characteristics. At this stage, only by continuously accelerating industrial upgrading and urbanization, continuously strengthening financial support and intellectual property protection, while maintaining moderate level of trade opening and government science and technology funding, OFDI′s green innovation spillover could be released in maximum.
The conclusions of this paper reveal the following policy implications: firstly, under one belt and one road construction, as well as opening up policy will continue to enhance the OFDI scale to promote green innovation development in the opposite direction. OFDI has become the main driving force for the development of green innovation in China. At the same time, we should implement more targeted regional policy on the relationship between OFDI and green innovation, especially focus on releasing the spillover bonus of OFDI reverse green innovation in the East and central region, while the west region should pay more attention on its own absorption capacity building. Secondly, China′s OFDI reverse green innovation spillover has dynamic evolution characteristics of positive and increasing marginal efficiency, but functions in different regions. We should pay attention on the heterogeneous dynamic characteristics. The effect of OFDI reverse green innovation spillover in the eastern and central region is quite significant, there is still a large space for improvement in the positive impact. Although the negative green innovation effect of OFDI in the western region has the nonlinear characteristics of positive and increasing marginal efficiency, the positive effect is relatively limited at this stage. In the future, we should implement differentiated and dynamic OFDI and green innovation policies to avoid the loss of OFDI′s reverse green effect caused by homogenization and static policies. Thirdly, we should continue to improve the spillover effect of OFDI′s reverse green innovation by accelerating the process of industrial upgrading and urbanization, strengthening financial support, government funding for science and technology, intellectual property protection, and promoting trade opening in long term, we should also make trade openness and government funding for science and technology at a moderate level. In addition, the dynamic strengthening effect of above factors on OFDI′s reverse green innovation spillover should not be ignored. In additional to government funding and trade openness, other factors on OFDI reverse green innovation spillover are not effective. Therefore, in order to adjust the relationship between OFDI and green innovation scientifically in China new era, we should pay more attention to the integration of OFDI and the above factors, to release the reverse green innovation spillover bonus of OFDI in maximum. 相似文献
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习近平新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想指出创新引领经济高质量发展。本文以内生经济增长理论为基础,利用中国2003—2017年省级数据,采用动态面板模型分析了专利质量对经济高质量发展的影响。结果表明专利质量能够有效促进经济高质量发展,而知识产权保护正向调节专利质量和经济高质量发展的正向关系。本文聚焦于更能体现创新程度的专利质量,从专利角度构建了专利质量对经济高质量发展影响的理论框架,为理解经济高质量发展的内涵“更有效率和更加可持续”提供经验证据,对习近平新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想的相关研究文献进行补充,同时研究结论为政府制定创新激励政策和考核评价体系提供参考。 相似文献