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研究目的：研制新医科背景下卓越护理人才创新培养调查问卷，并进行信度和效度检验。研究方法：通过文献检索、小组讨论、专家函询、预调查等方式，编制初始版新医科背景下卓越护理人才创新培养问卷调查表，选取192名学生开展调查，对量表进行信度和效度检验。研究结果：新医科背景下卓越护理人才创新培养调查问卷主要涵盖的条目有26个，Cronbach′sα系数是0.932，借助探索性因子分析得到五个公因子，测算得到累计方差贡献率为85.74%，符合主成分因素分析法对方差贡献率大于50%的要求，这表明量表的结构效度较为良好。研究结论为新医科背景下卓越护理人才创新培养调查问卷具有良好的信度和效度，能用于新医科背景下卓越护理人才培养的现状调查。 相似文献
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从众消费行为创造商业价值,但从众消费动机仍缺乏探讨。从消费者群体影响和自我理论的视角,对从众消费动机的构成维度进行理论探讨与归纳总结,初步构建出测量从众消费动机的研究量表,对苹果手机用户进行问卷调查,获取所需研究数据,采用探索性因子分析提取出社会认同动机、自我认同动机、地位显示动机、自尊提升动机的4个公因子,构建从众消费动机的四维度模型。然后对每个维度进行信度分析后最终发现,社会认同动机包含7个题项,信度水平α=0.918;自我认同动机包含5个题项,信度水平α=0.893;地位显示动机包含4个题项,信度水平α=0.850;自尊提升动机包含3个题项,信度水平α=0.739,因此量表具有比较良好的可靠性。最后,对测量的效度进行检验,每个维度的平均方差提取量(AVE)均在0.5以上,AVE的平方根均大于该维度与其它维度的相关系数,表明量表具有较好的收敛效度和区别效度。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】根据企业经典顾客满意度理论及相关调查结果,形成网络用户健康信息服务满意度量表的基
本结构纬度并进行量表条目的编制。【方法/过程】利用初始量表对用户的网络健康信息服务满意度状况进行测评,
对预测结果进行条目分析、信度分析和探索性因子分析,及经专家讨论、审核,对量表条目进行筛选删减以确定包
含37 个条目的量表;将量表对427名信息服务用户施测,检验量表的信度与效度。【结果/结论】质量模型与数据拟合
良好,证明量表具有较好的信度和效度,可以作为评价网络用户健康信息服务满意度可靠有效的量化工具。 相似文献
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通过问卷调查法了解大学生的学校归属感,对中文版的学校归属感量表(PSSM)的结构和信效度进行了全新的解读。主要考察中文版的学校归属感量表(PSSM)的结构和信效度,通过探索性因子分析析出拟合度较好的4个维度。在此基础上对量表的信度和效度进行检验,其中效度分为内容效度和结构效度,结果表明中文版的学校归属感量表具有较好的信度和效度。研究结果证明该量表可以为相关研究使用,为该量表更好地被应用提供支持。 相似文献
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《黑龙江科技信息》2016,(12)
目的:将香港学者修订的同伴互动游戏量表引进到中国大陆地区,调查学龄前儿童的游戏互动水平现状以及游戏交互、游戏干扰和游戏淡漠与相关人口学变量的关系。方法:首先使用同伴互动游戏量表中文版对333名学龄前儿童进行调查,考察量表的内部一致性系数和结构效度,然后再对517名学龄前儿童的游戏互动水平现状进行调查研究。结果:同伴互动游戏量表的游戏互动、游戏干扰和游戏淡漠各因子的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.874、0.836和0.821。验证性因素分析各拟合指数为:X2/df=2.99,GFI=0.9,IFI=0.95,CFI=0.95,RMSEA=0.07,均符合测量学要求,支持该量表三因素模型的理论构想。学龄前儿童的同伴互动游戏水平与父母文化水平和生源地有关,与主要照料者、家庭结构、家庭月收入和是否独生子女无关。结论:同伴互动游戏量表中文版在中国大陆地区的学龄前儿童中具有良好的信度和效度,相关人口学因素对幼儿的同伴互动游戏水平影响很大。 相似文献
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李中明 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1992,30(3):212-218
本文概述了上世纪中叶以来有关古生代种子分类问题的沿革，并在总结近年来国内外有关整体
化石裸子植物和离体种子研究新成果的基础上，指出当前在古生代种子分类方面的问题。
为使古生代种子的分类同当代古植物学研究协调，把对离体种子的研究同整体化石裸子植物结合
起来，作者建议以Seward的分类系统为基础，设立五个科：瓶籽科Lagenostomaceae肥籽科
Pachytestaceae、靓籽科Callospermariaceae隐羊齿籽科Cryptospermaceae和心籽科Cardiocarpaceae，
并把三棱籽目Trigonocarpales改名为肥籽目Pachytestales。上述五个科既可看作三个古生代种子目：
瓶籽目Lagenostomales、肥籽目和心籽目Cardiocarpales下设的一级分类单位，也可分别当作古生代整
体化石裸子植物：皱羊齿目Lygonopteridales、髓木目Medullosales、靓羊齿目Callistophytales、大羽羊
齿目Gigantopteridales和科达目Cordaitales的雌性生殖器官。由于这个分类系统同整体化石植物的分类一致，因此，有助于对离体种子的系统学研究。 相似文献
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本文首次比较了光合作用的荧光光谱和荧光动力学在苔藓植物的原始种类和进化种类之间的异同。原始的和进化的苔藓植物具有发射波长相同的室温荧光光谱，其发射高峰位于686-690nm(来自光系统Ⅱ)和736-740nm(来自光系统Ⅰ)。 而它们的低温(77K)荧光光谱有三个发射峰：F687-689和F697-699来自光系统Ⅱ，F723-734来自光系统I。 前两个峰在原始的和进化的种类中基本相同。 按第三个发射峰可把被测的苔藓植物分为两组：发射峰在725nm左右的有细牛毛藓、长肋对齿藓、对齿藓、斜叶芦荟藓、密集匍灯藓和地钱，它们是较原始的藓类和较进化的苔类；发射峰在732nm左右的有细枝羽藓、东亚金灰藓、鼠尾藓、鳞叶藓、粗枝藓和美灰藓等较进化的藓类，也有较原始的钝叶匍灯藓。已知光系统I核心复合物CPI的77K荧光发射峰在722nm，而CPIa(核心复合物与外周天线复合物)和LHC-I(外周天线复合物)的发射峰在730nm。这说明在苔藓植物进化过程中，光系统Ⅱ比较保守；而光系统Ⅰ有所变化，原始的藓类主要含有光系统Ⅰ核心复合物，而较进化的藓类才含有较完善的外周天线复合物。光合作用荧光动力学分析表明，在原始藓类和地钱中具有较低的光系统Ⅱ活性、光系统Ⅱ的原初光能转换效率、光合碳同化和潜在的光合量子转换效率；而较进化的具有较高的活性和效率。 但是，原始的密集匍灯藓也具有较高的活性和效率，而进化的美灰藓却具有较低的活性和效率。这可能表明这两种植物是由原始向进化发展过程中的中间类型。 相似文献
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石铸 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1988,26(6):418-428
Having mixed extremely various patterns of achenes for a long time in
the genus Lactuca L., especially showed in the classification of it on the mainland of Asia,
Lactuca L., the primary unnatural genus, becomes more nuclear in its limit. The present
paper makes a revision to attempt providing a clear cline between Lactuca L. and its relative
genera.
On my opinion, only plants, represented by Lactuca sativa L., which have ovoid capitu-
lum during its fruiting, numerous (7-25), yellow ligular florets and longitudinal 1-10 ribs
or striae on each side of achenes, acute into filiform beak at its apex, should be defined as
Lactuca L.
In view of the present concept of Lactuca L., another group of plants, embodied by
Lactuca indica L., having its broadening, thin winged-margin of, 1-3 striae on each side of
achenes, black, dorsi-ventral compressed, acute into thick and short beak at its apex, evident-
ly, should not be placed into Lactuca L., but be regarded as genus, i.e. Pterocypsela Shih,
gen. nov. Pterocypsela Shih distributes in Eastern and southern Asia, where Lactuca L. does
not occur. In China there is all of species, seven species, of Pterocypsela Shih. They are P.
raddeana (Maxim.) Shih, P. indica (L.) Shih, P. elata (Hemsl.) Shih P. lacciniata (Houtt.)
Shih, P. triangulata (Maxim.) Shih, P. sonchus (Lévl.) Shih and P. formosana (Maxim.)
Shih, But in Mediterranean regions and Middle and Western Asia mainly distributes Lactu-
ca L., in which there are only seven species from western China, Xijiang autonomic district.
They are L. dolichophylla Kitam., L. sativa L., L. altaica Fisch. et Mey., L. serriola Torner,
L. dissecta Don, L. auriculata DC. and L. undulata Ledb.
With the combination of violet-purple ligular florets non-ovoid capitulum during its
fruiting, a little thick achenes, acuminate into longer. or short beak at its apex and 4-6 ribs
on each side of it, Mulgedium tataricum (L.) DC. is evidently different from Lactuca sativa L.
with combination of ovoid capitulum during its fruiting, yellow ligular florets and compres-
sed achenes, acute into filiform beak at its apex. There seems to be no point in refusing Mu-
lgedium Cass. as a genus. Strictly speak, Mulgedium Cass. seems to be reminiscent of Para-
prenanthes Chang (see bellow) without beak at the apex of its achenes. In Hengduan moun-
tains and mountain range of Himalayas M. tataricum (L.) DC. discoveries its relative par-
tners. They are M. bracteatum (Mook. f. ex. C. B. Clarke) Shih, M. lessertianum (Wall. ex
C. B. Clarke) DC., M. monocephalum (Chang) Shih, M. umbrosum (Dunn) Shih, M. meridi-
onale Shih and M. polypodifolium (Franch.) Shih.
Having broadering and thickening margin and 4-7 striae on each side of achenes, grey,
dorsi-ventral compressed, truncate and beakless at its apex, Lactuca sibirica (L.) Benth. ex
Maxim. (Sonchus sibiricus L.) is not only different from Lactuca sativa L. with the combi-
nation of yellow ligular florets and filiform beak at apex of its achenes, but also from the
genus Mulgedium Cass. with beak at apex of its achenes. Therefore, Lagedium Sojak, establi-
shed by J. Sojak (1961), should be restored. It should be point out that Lagedium Sojak is
monotypic genus excluding Mulgedium tataricum (L.) DC. with beak at the apex of its ache-
nes, non-marginated. Lagedium Sojak widely distributes in temperate and frigid zone of
northern hemisphere. In our country, Lagedium sibiricum (L.) Sojak, sole species of the ge-
nus, restricts its northeast region.
Paraprenanthes Chang, the new genus, established by Ch. Ch. Chang (1950) based on La-
ctuca sororia Miq. and Lactuca yunnanensis Franch. seems to be a distinct genus. This ge-
nus is characterized by 4-6 ribs on each side of achenes, black, fusiform, a little thick and
beakless at its apex. Besides above-mentioned two species, assigned by Chang, in forest of tro-
pic and subtropic zones on the mainland of Asia there are many species with same structure
in achenes like L. sororia Miq. and L. yunnanensis Franch. The genus Paraprenanthes Chang
seems to be reminiscants of Mulgedium Cass. and Lagedium Sojak, but differs from the former
in its beakless achenes, from the later in its non-marginated achenes and 4-6 ribs on each
side of it. In our country, there are all species of the genus known in the tropic and sub-
tropic zones on the mainland of Asia. They are P. sororia (Miq.) Shih, P. yunnanensis (Fra-
nch.) Shih, P. longiloba Ling et Shih, sp. nov., P. heptontha Shih et D. J. Liou, sp. nov., P.
prenanthoides (Hemsl.) Shih, P. pilipes (Migo) Shih, P. thirionii (Lévl.) Shih, P. sylvicola
Shih., sp. nov., P. multiformis Shih, sp. nov., P. auriculiformis Shih, sp. nov. and P. sagitti-
formis Shih, sp. nov. 相似文献
14.
The Rosaceae is one of the five largest families of Xizang flora, consisting of
30 genera with 242 species, the total number of species is slightly less than those of
Compositae, Graminae, Leguminosae and Ericaceae in Xizang, amounting to 62.5% of
the total number of genera and 28% of the total number of species of the rosaceous flora
in China.
The four subfamilies of Rosaceae including primitive, intermediate and advanced
groups have been found in Xizang. These groups consist of 11 types of floristic ele-
ments, i.e. 4 genera belong to cosmopolitan, 9 genera belong to North Temperate, 3, E.
Asian-N. American, 3 Sino-Himalayan, 3 Sino-Japanesa, 2 Old World Temperate, 1
Temperate Asian, 2 Mediterranean-W. and O. Asian, 1 C. Asian, I Tropical Asian and 1
endemic to China. It is obvious that Rosaceae in Xizang comprises holarctic, Ancient Me-
diterranean and paleotropical elements, among which the temperate components are the
most dominant. The characteristics of the floristic composition of Rosaceae in Xizang
may be summarized as follows:
(1) Xizang abounds in both genera and species of the family which are diverse in
forms, including the primitive, intermediate and advanced groups, (2) The geographi-
cal elements are rather complex, mostly belonging to the temperate, among which the
Sino- Himalayan components and the elements endemic to China are dominant, (3) The
proportion of plants endemic to China and distributed in Xizang is much higher than
those endemic to Xizang itself, but there exist newly arisen species and infraspecific
forms or varieties which show that the speciation is apparently still active in Xizang.
The rosaceous flora of Xizang is a combination of old and new floristic elements, based
on the old floristic components, affected by the upheaval of the Himalayas, the differen-
tiation and speciation have been taking place in the long history.
The geographical distribution of Rosaceae in Xizang may be divided into 5 regions,
i.e. the northeastern, southeastern, southern, northwestern and northern. The rosaceous
plants are most abundant in the southeastern area, next in southern area, fewer in the
northeastern and very rare in the northwestern and northern regions. The general ten-
dency of the distribution of Rosaceae in Xizang is that the number of species gradually
decreases from the southeast to the northwest and the habit gradually changes from
trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants in the southeast to cushion-like scrubs and dwarf
perennial herbs in the northwest. These facts clearly show that the uplift of the Hi-
malayas has deeply affected the phytogeographical distribution of Xizang Rosaceae.
The rosaceous flora of Xizang has close relationships with those of the adjoring
regions, i.e. Yunnan and Sichuan. Besides, it is connected with floras of Nepal, Sikkim,
Bhutan nothern Buram and nothern India, but silghtly influenced by the Ancient Medi-
terranean flora. 相似文献
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中国桫椤科植物的分类 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
夏群 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1989,27(1):1-16
本文记载了我国14种和2变种桫椤科植物及其分布。根据叶柄基部的鳞片，叶轴背面 两侧的气囊体，叶轴的颜色，囊群盖以及孢子数目等性状，把它们安排在2属2亚属中，并讨论了各类群之间可能的演化关系。 相似文献
16.
石铸 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1984,22(6):445-455
Since the 19th century many botanists have studied the Chinese Cirsium
and a great number of taxa or names has been reported, of which many still need to be
reviewed critically
This work is a preliminaxy result of study on Chinese species of Cirsium. As many
as 65 taxan or names in the literature are reduced to synonym in this paper. The Cir-
sium in China so far known comprises 49 species, of which 9 are described as new, 1 is
a new combination and 4 are new records in Chinese flora. These new species are: C.
subulariforme Shih, S. muliense Shih, C. fanjingshanense Shih, C. periacanthaceum Shih,
C. racemiforme Ling et Shih, C. vernonioides Shih, C. chrysolepis Shih, C. tenuifolium
Shih and the new combination is C. viridifolium (Hand. -Mazz.) Shih. The new records
in China are C. serratuloides (L.) Hill., C. incanum (S. G. Gmel.) Fisch. ex MB., C. la-
natum (Roxb. ex Willd.) Spreng and C. alatum (S. G. Gmel) Bobr.
The Chinese Cirsium is divided into 8 sections in the present paper, of which 3 are
new, namely, Sect. Isolepis Shih, Sect. Tricholepis Shilh and Sect. Hymenolepis Shih,
and I is a new combination, namely, Sect. Spanioptilon (Cass.) Shih. In addition, a new species of the genus Alfredia, A. aspera Slih, is described. 相似文献
17.
潘开玉 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1987,25(4):264-293
按本文处理，马铃苣苔属Oreocharis包括27种、5变种，其中有5个新种、4个新变
种。文中分析研究了该属的外部形态和地理分布; 在扫描电镜(SEM)下，对22个种的花粉
外壁和16个种的种皮进行了观察。结果认为花冠有三个类型，花药有两个类型，花粉和种皮
的外壁纹饰也可各分为三个类型。花冠的各种类型是稳定的，它们与花粉粒和种皮的特征明
显相关。其相关性是该属次级划分的主要依据。该属分为四个组。以O．bodinieri建立的
属，Dasydesmus Craib被并入Oreocharis。 相似文献
18.
程用谦 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1993,31(4):362-367
The genus, Ainsliaea DC. from China is revised in this paper. Three
species, A. nana Y. C. Tseng, A. pingbianensis Y. G. Tseng and A. trinervis Y.
C. Tseng, are newly described; two species, A. chapaensis Merr. and A.
angustifolia Hook. f. et Thoms. ex C. B. Clarke are new records for China and
two new combinations, A. apteroides (Chang) Y. C. Tseng and A.
macrocephala (Mattf.) Y. C. Tseng, are made. In addition, one species, A.
hypoleuca Diels ex Limpr. and four varieties, A. bonatii Beauverd var.
arachnoidea Beauverd, A. pteropoda DC. var. leiophylla Franch., A. elegans
Hemsl. var. tomentosa Mattf. and A. glabra Hemsl. var. tenuiculis (Mattf.)Chang, are reduced to synonyms. 相似文献
19.
Zubieta-Calleja G Zubieta-Castillo G Zubieta-Calleja L Ardaya-Zubieta G Paulev PE 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(1):62-65
As the oxygen tension of inspired air falls with increasing altitude in normal subjects, hyperventilation ensues. This acute
respiratory alkalosis, induces increased renal excretion of bicarbonate, returning the pH back to normal, giving rise to compensated
respiratory alkalosis or chronic hypocapnia. It seems a contradiction that so many normal people at high altitude should permanently
live as chronic acid–base patients. Blood gas analyses of 1,865 subjects at 3,510 m, reported a P
aCO2 (arterial carbon dioxide tension ± SEM) = 29.4 ± 0.16 mmHg and pH = 7.40 ± 0.005. Base excess, calculated with the Van Slyke
sea level equation, is −5 mM (milliMolar or mmol/l) as an average, suggesting chronic hypocapnia. THID, a new term replacing
“Base Excess” is determined by titration to a pH of 7.40 at a P
aCO2 of 5.33 kPa (40 mmHg) at sea level, oxygen saturated and at 37°C blood temperature. Since our new modified Van Slyke equations
operate with normal values for P
aCO2 at the actual altitude, a calculation of THID will always result in normal values—that is, zero. 相似文献
20.
王文采 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1990,28(4):307-320
In the present paper two series, 11 species and three varieties of the
genus Elatostema are described as new from China and one variety is elevated to specific rank. Four species and one variety are reported from Medog, Xizang Autonomous Region, for the first time. 相似文献