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1.
Andrea L. Kavanaugh Debbie Denise Reese John M. Carroll Mary Beth Rosson 《The Information Society》2013,29(2):119-131
Communities with high levels of social capital are likely to have a higher quality of life than communities with low social capital. This is due to the greater ability of such communities to organize and mobilize effectively for collective action because they have high levels of social trust, dense social networks, and well-established norms of mutuality (the major features of social capital). Communities with “bridging” social capital (weak ties across groups) as well as “bonding” social capital (strong ties within groups) are the most effective in organizing for collective action. People who belong to multiple groups act as bridging ties. When people with bridging ties use communication media, such as the Internet, they enhance their capability to educate community members and to organize, as needed, for collective action. This article summarizes evidence from stratified household survey data in Blacksburg, VA, showing that people with weak (bridging) ties across groups have higher levels of community involvement, civic interest, and collective efficacy than people without bridging ties among groups. Moreover, heavy Internet users with bridging ties have higher social engagement, use the Internet for social purposes, and have been attending more local meetings and events since going online than heavy Internet users with no bridging ties. These findings may suggest that the Internet—in the hands of bridging individuals–is a tool for enhancing social relations and information exchange, and for increasing face-to-face interaction, all of which help to build both bonding and bridging social capital in communities. 相似文献
2.
Gregor Petri
《The Information Society》2006,22(5):291-301
The researchers working on information society measures have recently started to consider how people use the Internet not only as a tool but also as a platform for social relations. As the ultimate objective of information society measures is to provide reliable guidelines for social policy, finding criteria for separating “positive” uses of Internet from “negative” ones is an important task. This article employs the concepts of communicative and strategic action as defined by Habermas for that purpose. A general conceptual typology of three communicative and three strategic social uses of Internet is offered, which can be applied to measure uses of any of the Internet's interactive services. A specific empirical application to social uses of personal web sites demonstrates that the deduced measurement instruments achieve satisfying levels of validity and reliability. 相似文献
3.
Debora Shaw 《The Information Society》2013,29(5):417-418
Critics have argued that information and communication technologies (ICTs) disconnect people from their social networks and reduce public participation. Research in support of this perspective has been biased by two assumptions. The first is a tendency to privilege the Internet as a social system removed from the other ways people communicate. The second is a tendency to favor broadly supportive strong social ties. Survey and ethnographic observations from Netville, a 2-year community networking experiment, suggest that weak, not strong ties experience growth as a result of ICTs. By examining a unique and underexplored stage in the life cycle of a community networking project, the end of a networking trial, this article demonstrates how ICTs facilitate community participation and collective action (a) by creating large, dense networks of relatively weak social ties and (b) through the use of ICTs as an organizing tool. 相似文献
4.
Keith N. Hampton 《The Information Society》2003,19(5):417-428
Critics have argued that information and communication technologies (ICTs) disconnect people from their social networks and reduce public participation. Research in support of this perspective has been biased by two assumptions. The first is a tendency to privilege the Internet as a social system removed from the other ways people communicate. The second is a tendency to favor broadly supportive strong social ties. Survey and ethnographic observations from Netville, a 2-year community networking experiment, suggest that weak, not strong ties experience growth as a result of ICTs. By examining a unique and underexplored stage in the life cycle of a community networking project, the end of a networking trial, this article demonstrates how ICTs facilitate community participation and collective action (a) by creating large, dense networks of relatively weak social ties and (b) through the use of ICTs as an organizing tool. 相似文献
5.
Mining direct antagonistic communities in signed social networks 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
David Lo Didi Surian Philips Kokoh Prasetyo Kuan Zhang Ee-Peng Lim 《Information processing & management》2013
Social networks provide a wealth of data to study relationship dynamics among people. Most social networks such as Epinions and Facebook allow users to declare trusts or friendships with other users. Some of them also allow users to declare distrusts or negative relationships. When both positive and negative links co-exist in a network, some interesting community structures can be studied. In this work, we mine Direct Antagonistic Communities (DACs) within such signed networks. Each DAC consists of two sub-communities with positive relationships among members of each sub-community, and negative relationships among members of the other sub-community. Identifying direct antagonistic communities is an important step to understand the nature of the formation, dissolution, and evolution of such communities. Knowledge about antagonistic communities allows us to better understand and explain behaviors of users in the communities. 相似文献
6.
[目的/意义]旨在探索虚拟社区用户集体意愿研究。[方法/过程]结合在线问答社区特点,采用结构方程模型,先后利用SPSS 23.0和AMOS 21.0进行数据分析并进行模型验证。[结果/结论]研究认为,虚拟社区感、社会资本均对在线问答社区用户集体意愿产生正向影响;在线互动、线下互动除了直接对在线问答社区用户集体意愿产生正向影响,还可以通过虚拟社区感、社会资本对在线问答社区用户集体意愿产生间接的正向影响。 相似文献
7.
社会资本是存在于人们中间、能促使人们参加集体活动的规范、关系网络以及社会制度。社会资本可以解释传统资本（如物质资本、人力资本）不能解释的经济发展差异和项目绩效差异;对社会发展有积极作用,可提高经济绩效和工程绩效,促进可持续发展;但同时也会产生负面影响。研究社会资本对社会发展作用,可进一步理解我国经济增长、社会资本与可持续发展的关系,具有重要的理论和现实意义。 相似文献
8.
微信群已经成为人们移动在线社交最活跃的社区,从社会资本角度研究用户在 不同微信群的知识共享意愿是值得深入探讨且具有广泛影响的重要问题。本文基于社会资本 理论,将微信群分为粘结型群、维持型群和桥接型群三类,探究结构、关系和认知三个维度 的社会资本对用户在三种类型微信群知识共享意愿的影响及其差异。使用 WarpPLS 对问卷 调查获得的 244 份有效样本进行模型验证。研究结果显示在结构维度方面,网络连通性只对 用户在桥接型群的知识共享意愿有正向影响,网络亲密性只对维持型群和桥接型群的知识共 享意愿有正向影响;在关系维度方面,认同对用户在三类微信群的知识共享意愿均有正向影 响,而信任和互惠只对桥接型群的知识共享意愿有正向影响;在认知维度方面,共同语言对 用户在三类微信群的知识共享意愿均有正向影响,共同愿景只对维持型群的知识共享意愿有 正向影响。本研究对个人或组织认识人们在代表不同人际圈子的微信群中的知识共享规律, 从而高效地获取知识和创新管理具有重要的理论和现实意义。 相似文献
9.
Annette N. Markham 《The Information Society》2005,21(4):257-267
This article provides a critical, cautionary stance toward the future structure of “Internet studies” as a field. A social constructionist reading of the process of organizing reveals the ways in which apparently obdurate structures are constructed and negotiated through everyday discursive practices. Subsequent structures and practices function ideologically to control organizational members in a concertive fashion by shaping and directing the conceptual frameworks for inquiry and action in a seemingly natural way. Definitions and metaphors construct conceptual boundaries of meaning for the field of inquiry, delimiting and protecting over time what counts as Internet and Internet studies. Over time, origins of knowledge are hidden within the structure of the organizations and a culture of unobtrusive control emerges. Unless radical measures are taken to reflexively interrogate everyday routines and habitual ways of talking in academic environments, the future field of Internet studies will not transcend the traditions of the academy but will be entrenched in and reproduce traditional structures and a traditional scholarly enterprise. 相似文献
10.
This study examined the development of individual social capital in a distributed learning community. Feld's theory of focused choice predicts that the formation of network ties is constrained by contextual factors that function as foci of activities. In our research, we examined how group assignment and location could function as such foci to influence the development of individual social capital in a distributed learning community. Given that networks with different content flows may possess different properties, we examined two different types of networks—task-related instrumental networks and non-task-related expressive networks. A longitudinal research design was used to evaluate the evolution of networks over time. Hypotheses were tested using a sample of 32 students enrolled in a distributed learning class. The results show strong support for Feld's theory. While serving as foci of activities to organize social interactions, both group assignment and geographic separation can also function to fragment a learning community. 相似文献
11.
不管是个体层次的社会资本研究者，还是群体层次的社会资本研究者，其观点的背后都认为社会资本存在于社会网络之中（Lin1995，2003）。社会网络（含社区、社团及其他组织）参与情况，可以用来评估互联网对社会资本的影响。已有的研究成果表明，互联网的推广和应用一方面增进了传统形式的社会资本，另一方面又由于其自身的特点，丰富、补充，甚至超越了传统社会资本的形式。 相似文献
12.
社交网络服务经过将近20年的发展已经成为互联网时代最普及、用户参与度最高的网络应用之一.学者们对社交网络服务的理论和实证研究也取得丰硕成果,社交网络的快速发展对学者们的研究也提出了新的挑战.通过对学者关于社交网络含义、社交网络用户参与动机、用户社会资本获得3个方面研究的梳理和总结,分析社交网络服务用户参与理论研究的成果和不足,以期有助于社交网络用户参与理论研究的发展. 相似文献
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14.
Recent studies have shown that adolescents use the Internet not only to maintain social relationships with distant relatives and friends but also to create new relationships online; some of these friendships become integrated into their social circle. Research has focused mainly on the effect of the Internet on existing relationships or the nature of online-only ties, so studies comparing the quality of online and face-to-face relationships are missing. The goal of this study is to bridge this gap. In keeping with previous studies on social association, we argue that the quality of social relationships is dependent on duration and diversity of topics and activities carried together. Time is important, as it facilitates the development of a collective shared history and identity. Intimacy develops through the participation in shared activities and discussion of diverse issues of personal concern. Using a representative sample of the adolescent population in Israel, we find that closeness to a friend is a function of social similarity, content and activity multiplexity, and duration of the relationships. Friendships originated in the Internet are perceived as less close and supportive because they are relatively new and online friends are involved in less joint activities and less topics of discussion. The implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Recent studies have shown that adolescents use the Internet not only to maintain social relationships with distant relatives and friends but also to create new relationships online; some of these friendships become integrated into their social circle. Research has focused mainly on the effect of the Internet on existing relationships or the nature of online-only ties, so studies comparing the quality of online and face-to-face relationships are missing. The goal of this study is to bridge this gap. In keeping with previous studies on social association, we argue that the quality of social relationships is dependent on duration and diversity of topics and activities carried together. Time is important, as it facilitates the development of a collective shared history and identity. Intimacy develops through the participation in shared activities and discussion of diverse issues of personal concern. Using a representative sample of the adolescent population in Israel, we find that closeness to a friend is a function of social similarity, content and activity multiplexity, and duration of the relationships. Friendships originated in the Internet are perceived as less close and supportive because they are relatively new and online friends are involved in less joint activities and less topics of discussion. The implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
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17.
Gregor Petrič 《The Information Society》2013,29(5):291-301
The researchers working on information society measures have recently started to consider how people use the Internet not only as a tool but also as a platform for social relations. As the ultimate objective of information society measures is to provide reliable guidelines for social policy, finding criteria for separating “positive” uses of Internet from “negative” ones is an important task. This article employs the concepts of communicative and strategic action as defined by Habermas for that purpose. A general conceptual typology of three communicative and three strategic social uses of Internet is offered, which can be applied to measure uses of any of the Internet's interactive services. A specific empirical application to social uses of personal web sites demonstrates that the deduced measurement instruments achieve satisfying levels of validity and reliability. 相似文献
18.
团队社会资本是影响团队效能的重要因素,以往研究大多只关注单一类型社会资本对团队效能的作用,而忽视了不同类型社会资本的差异及其相互作用对团队效能的影响。尝试从不同类型团队社会资本的作用和关系角度出发,探讨了结合型与桥接型社会资本的组合对团队效能的影响,发现2种类型社会资本存在着功能上相互补充、结构上又相互矛盾的关系,并提出了达成团队社会资本平衡的建议。 相似文献
19.
June Ahn 《The Information Society》2013,29(2):99-109
Many studies have examined the relationship between social network sites (SNSs) and the development of social capital. However, most studies to date have only considered college and adult populations. This study examines the patterns of SNS use in an urban, teenage sample in the United States. It tests the hypothesis that use of SNSs is related to higher levels of social capital. The results show that youth who use Facebook and Myspace report higher social capital in both their school and online relationships. In addition, the analysis suggests that distinct modes of SNS experiences are differentially related to bridging and bonding social capital. Time spent in SNSs is related to bridging capital, while positive or negative experiences are related to bonding capital. The study offers new insights into how youth experience SNSs and the relationship of that experience with their connection to the world. 相似文献
20.
虚拟社区用户忠诚对于虚拟社区的长期可持续性发展尤为重要。本研究以知识分享行为（知识共享数量和质量）为中介变量,探讨社会资本（信任、社会联结性、共同愿景）和外部动机（互惠动机、声誉动机）对社区忠诚的作用机理,并通过结构方程模型进行验证。研究结果表明,信任和外部动机通过知识共享数量和质量对社区忠诚有显著正向影响,社会联结性仅通过知识共享数量对社区忠诚有显著影响;信任和外部动机对知识共享数量和质量有显著正向影响,社会联结性仅显著影响知识共享数量,而共同愿景对知识共享数量和质量均无显著影响;知识共享行为对社区忠诚有显著正向影响,并且知识共享质量对社区忠诚的影响更显著。该结论为企业重视虚拟社区用户知识分享行为从而吸引和留住虚拟社区用户提供了决策支持,为企业更好的运营虚拟社区并利用虚拟社区获得可持续发展提供了重要启示。 相似文献