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1.
This article investigates how actors positioned in a network can evolve as knowledge brokers, as well as how they act to develop new brokerage roles. Our focus is on actor's behaviour while previous studies concentrate more on the structural and positional determinants of brokerage roles. This research combines brokerage roles with a broker's functions in an exploratory study of a small Italian comics publishing house. Over 20 years, the firm played different brokerage roles involving different actors at national and international levels. We find that if all brokerage roles involve transcoding functions, the ability to overcome transcoding obstacles, through the use of shared imprinting with receiving partners, could be useful for developing any brokerage role. Moreover, heterogeneity in the competences and industry experience of hired members of the management team could support the development of new brokerage roles, with differentiated effects on various brokers’ functions. If a brokerage role involves new actors with no previous allegiance, the status of the broker, signalled through network relations, can have significant impacts by indirectly communicating its superior knowledge. The proposed, emerging theoretical framework has direct implications for studies of knowledge brokers and innovation in social networks, as well as for entrepreneurship research. 相似文献
2.
《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(6):735-740
Effective knowledge management practices in organizations are focused on knowledge creation and knowledge transfer activities. Thus, intelligence and competencies matters at the organizational workplace. For most knowledge intensive organizations is fundamental the continuous availability and development of domain expertise. This paper describes an ongoing research project to develop an organizational knowledge architecture that is being specified and developed to support collaboration tasks as well as design and model predictive data analysis and insights for organizational development. The primary goal of this research is to create a suitable architecture for use, initially, in intranet (corporate portal) collaborative procedures, but also scalable for later use in more generic forms of ontology-driven knowledge management systems. The designed architecture and functionalities aim to create coherent web data layers for intranet learning and predictive analysis, defining the vocabulary and semantics for knowledge sharing and reuse projects. Regarding intellectual capital definition, this research argues that effective knowledge management are based on the dynamic nature of the organizational knowledge, and predictive data analysis and insights identification can transform and add value to an organization. This paper presents a knowledge management and engineering perspective (ontology based) for the application of predictive analysis and insights at the organizational (corporate) workplace towards the development of the organizational learning network. 相似文献
3.
知识经济时代,知识已经成为企业竞争优势的重要来源.组织知识主要源自内部创新和外部转移,这些知识需要经过内化后才有利于转移、存储和有效利用.通过对组织知识产生方式的探讨,构建了知识萃取、知识储存、知识重整、知识表达等模块,以此促进知识内化及组织学习,提升组织的知识优势. 相似文献
4.
企业组织创新过程中的学习机制及知识管理 总被引：47，自引：1，他引：46
知识经济时代成功的企业必定是致力于创新的、柔性的和知识生产与管理型企业;而实现企业的知识化改造,有效的组织创新是重要途径之一。本文借助于组织学习理论对学习过程的揭示,分析了企业组织创新的内在过程,以及蕴涵在其中的组织学习和知识管理机制的模式、特点,并作为例证考察了导向虚拟企业和事业部制的组织创新模式。 相似文献
5.
《International Journal of Information Management》2014,34(6):770-779
Project-based organizations (PBO) are nowadays widespread in almost all the activity sectors. This type of organizations poses complex problems for information and knowledge management due to the fragmentation and lack of uniformity of organizational structures, processes, practices, and technologies. The ineffectiveness of knowledge sharing over time, between project teams, is perhaps the most prominent issue that PBO must deal with. This strongly affects organizational learning, which seems to under-deliver value to PBO. Therefore, relevant knowledge is trapped in an “informational limbo” out of reach, not being capitalized for the organization. This is particularly true in research and development (R&D) institutions, where knowledge sharing can be hindered by conceptual misunderstandings resulting from different disciplines, cultures and ways of working of project participants. This paper addresses such issues by analyzing, in a comprehensive way, how information and knowledge management can better suit project team's needs and at the same time improve organizational learning. An ethnographic study, based on immersed participant observation, is performed at a Portuguese R&D Institute, in order to understand the link between the way information is managed in a project and how people interact and learn by sharing knowledge between projects. Results provide a set of enterprise information management (EIM) recommendations. Findings also suggest that a PBO-wide EIM strategy, balancing knowledge codification and personalization mechanisms, is a feasible solution to overcome the problems of knowledge sharing in PBO. 相似文献
6.
梳理国内外关于组织支持氛围作用机制的文献.首先从个体感知和团体成员共同感知的主体视角明确组织支持氛围的概念和结构维度,然后综述领导因素、组织因素、个体因素等组织支持氛围的前因变量,同时通过主效应模型、缓冲效应模型和调节效应模型探讨组织支持氛围的结果变量以及组织支持氛围的调节效应,最后总结组织支持氛围作用机制,并提出组织支持氛围的被中介的调节效应和被调节的中介效应、结合组态视角与定性比较分析方法等研究方法创新将是组织支持氛围未来研究的重要方向. 相似文献
7.
《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(6):650-663
Intergenerational supportive climate, top management support, organizational institution are seen as three types of important organizational factors for intergenerational knowledge transfer (IGKT), however, current studies are qualitative with little empirical evidence, further, the interrelations of them are little known. This paper investigates and verifies their relationships by an empirical study, especially focuses on their differential effects on younger employees’ participation in IGKT using offline versus online communication methods drawing upon social influence theory. A survey with younger doctors was conducted in the medical industry to test the research model proposed in this study. Results show that younger employees’ perceived intergenerational supportive climate (PISC) has a significant positive influence on offline IGKT, but not on online IGKT; perceived top management support (PTMS) has a significant positive influence on offline IGKT, but has a negative impact on online IGKT; perceived organizational institution support (POIS) has a significant positive influence on online IGKT, but not on offline IGKT. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding about IGKT, as well as help managers be more effective to enhance younger employees’ participation in IGKT through offline/online methods, which contribute to offline and online intergenerational knowledge transfer to knowledge management. 相似文献
8.
本文从知识管理视角分析企业动态能力的构建,并以动态能力作为知识管理和组织绩效中介变量,分析动态能力有效地应对环境变化,揭示其与企业绩效的关系。本文选取了6家电子通讯类企业与6家制药企业作为研究对象,结果表明,知识管理、动态能力与组织绩效有显著的正相关关系。本次研究对探讨动态能力培育路径以及战略管理理论和实践有所借鉴。 相似文献
9.
Much past research on commercialization activities by university scientists and engineers has focused on the role of resources in the extra-organizational commercialization environment, such as the availability of venture capital funding. By contrast, our theoretical and empirical interest was in intra-organizational dynamics impacting the context in which scientists and engineers work. Drawing upon organizational psychology literature on the construct of organizational climate, we posited that researchers working in an intra-organizational climate that supports commercialization and encourages intra-organizational boundary-spanning will be more likely to produce invention disclosures and patents. Our data from 218 respondents at 21 engineering research centers was both multi-method (i.e., qualitative data from interviews, longitudinal archival data, and survey data) and multi-level. Our results showed that an organizational climate characterized by support for commercialization predicted invention disclosures one year later and an organizational climate characterized by boundary-spanning predicted patent awards two years later. 相似文献
10.
Nola Hewitt-Dundas 《Research Policy》2012,41(2):262-275
As the innovation process has become more open and networked, Government policy in the UK has sought to promote both research excellence in the university sector and the translation of this into economic benefit through university-business engagement. However, this policy approach has tended to be applied uniformly with little account for organisational differences within the sector. In this paper we consider if differences between universities in their research performance is reflected in their knowledge transfer activity. Specifically, as universities develop a commercialization agenda are the strategic priorities for knowledge transfer, the organisational supports in place to facilitate knowledge transfer and the scale and scope of knowledge transfer activity different for high research intensive (HRI) and low research intensive (LRI) universities? The findings demonstrate that universities’ approach to knowledge transfer is shaped by institutional and organisational resources, in particular their ethos and research quality, rather than the capability to undertake knowledge transfer through a Technology Transfer Office (TTO). Strategic priorities for knowledge transfer are reflected in activity, in terms of the dominance of specific knowledge transfer channels, the partners with which universities engage and the geography of business engagement. 相似文献
11.
Chris Kimble Corinne Grenier Karine Goglio-Primard 《International Journal of Information Management》2010
The article examines the process of innovation and knowledge sharing from a perspective that focuses on the influence that local circumstances can have. In particular, it looks at the problems of knowledge sharing between groups of professionals. It presents a comparative analysis of two studies, one involving two groups of IT professionals; the other a network of healthcare professionals. The data was collected in two sets. The first set consisted of the results from two earlier, independent studies; the second was collected specifically for this article. We investigate the role played by boundary objects and brokers. Through an analysis of the interplay between boundary object and broker, we uncover the dynamics of the innovation process and show that the role played by the broker can be political. We identify two strategies that are used by brokers in the selection of a boundary object. The first is directed towards achieving a balance between the actors involved and the second is directed towards controlling their activities. We conclude by suggesting that other researchers should also consider the interplay between broker and boundary object when examining cross-boundary knowledge sharing. 相似文献
12.
知识惯性与知识创造行为:组织记忆与创新氛围的作用 《科学学研究》2021,39(6):1103-1110
本文对知识惯性与研发团队知识创造行为的关系,以及组织记忆与团队创新氛围在以上关系所起的前置、调节与中介作用进行了实证研究。研究以我国深圳地区67家高新技术企业的135个研发团队为实证研究对象,通过对问卷调查数据进行层级回归分析发现：（1）知识惯性会显著地破坏团队创新氛围,进而负向影响团队知识创造行为,团队创新氛围在知识惯性与团队知识创造行为关系中起完全的中介作用;（2）团队组织记忆对团队知识惯性并无直接作用关系,但会显著地调节知识惯性与团队创新氛围之间的负向关系,即团队组织记忆不会直接促进团队知识惯性的产生,但会强化知识惯性对团队创新氛围所造成的负向影响。 相似文献
13.
《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(4):327-338
In this paper, we report and reflect on Knowledge Management (KM) projects conducted in two China-based, smaller–sized professional service firms. The authors acted as Action Researchers, assisting each firm extensively as it prepared for its implementation of an IT-based KMS. However, neither KMS implementation significantly improved knowledge transfer or work productivity. We analyze the project failures, noting the significance of specific strategic management deficiencies as well as inadequate employee involvement and incentives. The implications for the strategic management of knowledge and organizational change in China are considered. 相似文献
14.
基于知识树的组织知识管理初探 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
首先分析了企业中组织知识的关系，提出组织知识具有层次结构特征，并将组织知识分为核心知识，结构知识和内隐知识三个层次；根据知识图的原理，提出基于知识树的组织知识动态管理模型；引进知识值的概念，实现对组织知识的量化管理，从而为知识管理绩效评价奠定基础；最后，对知识树的生命周期进行了分析，阐述基于知识树的组织知识管理的原则。 相似文献
15.
The absorptive capacity of an organization is its ability to translate the knowledge sourced from outside into commercial benefits. Having gained a certain academic interest, the mechanism of the absorptive capacity phenomenon is still puzzling. This paper provides some limited confirmation of earlier frameworks; however, absorptive capacity is demonstrated to be a set of interrelated success factors rather than a sequential process of knowledge articulation in a company. The new model of absorptive capacity proposed encompasses four dimensions: continuing development, bottom-up innovation, trust-based internal cooperation, and deferred knowledge use. The continuing development facet entails a strong positive impact on organizational performance, while the bottom-up innovation dimension deteriorates it. Trust-based internal cooperation and deferred knowledge use report mixed results. 相似文献
16.
The role of organisational climate in managing knowledge sharing among academics in higher education
Organizations have often implemented Knowledge Management programs to connect employees better and promote knowledge sharing (KS). In the context of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), this is particularly valid as knowledge creation and dissemination direct their mission and vision. Academics are one of the pillars of HEIs, where knowledge is created and shared. Nonetheless, as HEIs strive to promote academics’ knowledge sharing culture, the actual behaviour of academics might remain inhibited by numerous issues, namely the organizational. Prior research has been focused primarily on individual, technological and scarce aspects of organizational elements. Therefore, this study assesses the role of organizational climate operationalized by organizational leadership and trust in academics’ KS in HEIs. Partial Least Square (PLS) method where variance-based Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied in this study. Results from 257 surveyed academics indicate that organizational climate has an exceptionally strong influence on academics’ KS practices. Additionally, organizational leadership and trust had a positive relationship with academics’ KS behaviour. These findings indicate that it is necessary to consider organizational elements and their interactions when understanding and fostering academics’ knowledge sharing behaviour in HEIs context. 相似文献
17.
Stefano Basaglia Leonardo Caporarello Massimo Magni Ferdinando Pennarola 《International Journal of Information Management》2010
Previous research considering a normative perspective for fostering knowledge integration at the team level of analysis underscores that teams are often reluctant to share important knowledge among their members. In the attempt to provide a wider perspective on team knowledge integration, we take a different perspective, basing our arguments on team climate theoretical framework. Specifically, we argue that an autonomy and experimental climate (i.e. shared perception that the team supports autonomous action and experimentation and risk taking) can favor the team's ability to integrate members’ knowledge. Indeed, focusing on members’ willingness to contribute to team well-being, team autonomy and experimental climate may enhance the team's capability to integrate knowledge enabled by the IT infrastructure (IT knowledge integration capability). We tested our research model on a sample of 410 members and leaders of 69 organizational work teams. Results show the critical role played by team climate in favoring IT knowledge integration capability, which in turn affects team outcomes. 相似文献
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19.
We study how classic organizational structure dimensions should be altered to be more adapted to organizational knowledge sharing. In particular, we look at the dimensions: coordination, centralization, formalization, and specialization, in their relationship to the concept of knowledge sharing. Empirical data was collected by means of a questionnaire in two companies. Our findings indicated that expected relationships, such as the negative effect of centralization or the positive effect of lower formalization, were not found. Interdependency and knowledge complexity, caused by specialization, had an important interacting effect on the relationship between coordination and knowledge sharing. A comparison between the two companies revealed that the organization-specific context in which the coordination is applied influences the potential of this coordination for knowledge sharing. 相似文献
20.
Tércia Zavaglia TorresAuthor VitaeIvo Pierozzi Jr.Author Vitae Nadir Rodrigues PereiraAuthor VitaeAlexandre de CastroAuthor Vitae 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(2):121-127
The great contemporary organizational challenge for enterprises is to create a conceptual and methodological framework allows the management of knowledge by means of networks designed for social interaction. This statement is based on the premise that the competitive drive and sustainable success of the company depend on the introduction of new forms of production innovative processes, which can only be ensured through integrated approaches to knowledge management and the incorporation information technologies (IT). This is a reality that has already been accepted by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa, its acronym in Portuguese), a Brazilian research, development, and innovation (RD&I) institution supporting agricultural sector. For some years now, Embrapa has been incorporating what it has learned about knowledge management into its strategic planning process. In this paper, we present a new approach to managing knowledge and information, and we analyze the need for research institutions to administer the knowledge they produce through an RD&I management model based multi- and inter-disciplinary teams, and multi-institutional research networks. 相似文献