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1.
企业伦理决策过程的构成要素及其相互关系——模型与实证 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
传统上我们在评价企业的一项决策是否合理时,大都从政治、法律、经济、技术等角度进行评价。但随着现代社会人们对企业社会责任的日益重视,企业在评价一项决策是否合理时,加上伦理道德的考虑也就显得日益必要。根据西方学术界的已有研究成果,提炼出企业伦理决策过程的三个构成要素,即“伦理感知”、“伦理判断”和“伦理意图”,从理论上阐述了三者的关系并加以实证检验,说明三者构成企业伦理决策过程是可行的、正确的。 相似文献
2.
The mechanism of business analytics affordances enhancing the management of cloud computing data security is a key antecedent in improving cloud computing security. Based on information value chain theory and IT affordances theory, a research model is built to investigate the underlying mechanism of business analytics affordances enhancing the management of cloud computing data security. The model includes business analytics affordances, decision-making affordances of cloud computing data security, decision-making rationality of cloud computing data security, and the management of cloud computing data security. Simultaneously, the model considers the role of data-driven culture and IT business process integration. It is empirically tested using data collected from 316 enterprises by Partial Least Squares-based structural equation model. Without data-driven culture and IT business process integration, the results suggest that there is a process from business analytics affordances to decision-making affordances of cloud computing data security, decision-making rationality of cloud computing data security, and to the management of cloud computing data security. Moreover, Data-driven culture and IT business process integration have a positive mediation effect on the relationship between business analytics affordances and decision-making affordances of cloud computing data security. The conclusions in this study provide useful references for the enterprise to strengthen the management of cloud computing data security using business analytics. 相似文献
3.
针对企业是否适合采纳应用云计算的问题提出一种新的基于差值和改进TOPSIS的多属性群决策方法。首先结合成本和技术-组织-环境(TOE)框架提出企业云计算采纳应用的评价标准,然后利用平均差和标准差最大化方法确定未知属性权重向量,再利用一种改进的逼近理想解(TOPSIS)方法获取决策者之间的权重,最后利用语言加权算术平均(LWAA)算子对各决策专家给出的偏好信息集结算出综合评价值以及上限和下限值,通过比较评价值和上限、下限值决定企业是否适合采纳应用云计算技术。算例分析证明了研究提出的方法的有效性。 相似文献
4.
战略决策过程中程序理性的实证研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于战略决策、高管团队与组织行为学的相关理论,对企业战略决策过程中最高决策者影响程序理性以及程序理性影响战略决策质量的理论模型进行了实证研究,并对决策者特征影响战略决策质量过程中程序理性的中介效应进行了检验。研究结果表明,企业最高决策者的领导经验及事业专注度对战略决策过程的程序理性有显著影响,对战略决策质量有显著影响,程序理性的中介效应也得到了验证。 相似文献
5.
《International Journal of Information Management》2016,36(4):635-644
Cloud computing is now a global trend and during the past decade, has drawn attention from both academic and business communities. Although the evolution of cloud computing has not reached the maturity level, there is still adequate research about the topic. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the development and evolution of cloud computing over time. A content analysis was conducted for 236 scholarly journal articles, which were published between 2009 and 2014 in order to (i) identify the possible trends and changes in cloud computing over the six years, (ii) compare publishing productivity of journals about the cloud computing subject, and (iii) guide future research about cloud computing. The results show that the majority of the cloud computing research is about “cloud computing adoption” (19%), and it was followed by the “legal and ethical issues” of cloud computing (15%). It is also found that “cloud computing for mobile applications” (6%), “benefits & challenges of cloud computing” (5%) and “energy consumption dimension of cloud computing” (4%) are the least attention-grabbing themes in the literature. However, “cloud computing for mobile applications” and “energy consumption dimension of cloud computing” themes have become popular in the last two years, so they are expected to be trendy topics of the near future. Finally, another finding of this study is that the majority of the articles were published by engineering, information systems or technical journals such as “IT Professional Magazine”, “International Journal of Information Management” and “Mobile Networks and Applications”. It seems as if this topic is generally ignored by the managerial and organizational journals even though the impact of cloud computing on organizations and institutions is immense and is in need of investigation. 相似文献
6.
高能物理一直是信息技术发展的主要推动者之一。现代高能物理产生的海量数据对计算机技术提出巨大的挑战。为了应对这些挑战,国内外高能物理领域的科学家根据数据处理的特点建立新的计算平台用于传输、储存及分析处理PB量级的数据。文章介绍了现代高能物理实验及数据处理的发展,并描述了高能物理的计算模型以及以网格技术为代表的数据密集型计算平台;详细介绍了数据密集型网格平台在LHC实验、BESIII实验中的应用以及中国的数据密集型网格平台。并对云计算等新技术在高能物理领域的应用进行了展望。 相似文献
7.
While the use of big data tends to add value for business throughout the entire value chain, the integration of big data analytics (BDA) to the decision-making process remains a challenge. This study, based on a systematic literature review, thematic analysis and qualitative interview findings, proposes a set of six-steps to establish both rigor and relevance in the process of analytics-driven decision-making. Our findings illuminate the key steps in this decision process including problem definition, review of past findings, model development, data collection, data analysis as well as actions on insights in the context of service systems. Although findings have been discussed in a sequence of steps, the study identifies them as interdependent and iterative. The proposed six-step analytics-driven decision-making process, practical evidence from service systems, and future research agenda, provide altogether the foundation for future scholarly research and can serve as a step-wise guide for industry practitioners. 相似文献
8.
The role of information in strategic decision-making 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Aspects of the role of information in strategic decision-making by executives in industry are hardly ever mentioned in management research publications. We therefore investigate in this paper the way information is obtained, analysed, judged and applied by executives in industry that have to take strategic decisions. We interviewed executives from thirteen companies in The Netherlands and in Germany about the stages in the decision process that they followed in thirty two recent decisions they had to make.We found that executives that follow a rational approach collect and use ample information in a structured decision-making process passing through a number of distinct phases in time. In this process, information plays a crucial role in reducing uncertainty. Over all discussions held, the aspect of the quality of the information used by the board was stressed. We could only obtain circumstantial evidence of changes in the decision making process caused by developments in new information acquisition and analysis methods such as use of the Internet becoming common practice. But we can affirm that with more relevant information available, discussions in the boardroom on issues affecting the choices and alternatives can now be better controlled and rational decision-making is thus facilitated. 相似文献
9.
Forbes GibbAuthor Vitae Clare ThornleyAuthor VitaeStuart FergusonAuthor Vitae John WeckertAuthor Vitae 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(3):244-251
This paper starts by outlining the technologies involved in RFIDs and reviews the issues raised by their general application. It then identifies their potential application areas within the library sector based on a generic process view of library activities. Finally it highlights the issues that are raised by their application in libraries and provides an assessment of which of these issues are likely to raise ethical concerns for library professionals. The purpose is to provide an overview of the technology within the context of the library process and to highlight issues which may raise ethical concerns for the profession. A second paper will focus specifically on these concerns within the context of the professional obligations of the librarian. 相似文献
10.
群体决策过程的复杂性及其演化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
由于群体决策过程受到决策环境、决策主体、决策客体的影响,复杂性贯穿于决策过程的始终.因此群体决策的过程复杂性逐渐成为决策理论的研究难点.基于复杂性科学理论,本文从横向过程复杂性和纵向过程复杂性两个维度对群体决策过程的复杂性构成框架开展分析与研究,探讨了横向旋进演化和纵向交互演化两种群体决策过程复杂性演化模式,并提出三个面向复杂性的群体决策过程控制的策略. 相似文献
11.
The advent of new information technology has radically changed the end-user computing environment over the past decade. To enhance their management decision-making capability, many organizations have made significant investments in business intelligence (BI) systems. The realization of business benefits from BI investments depends on supporting effective use of BI systems and satisfying their end user requirements. Even though a lot of attention has been paid to the decision-making benefits of BI systems in practice, there is still a limited amount of empirical research that explores the nature of end-user satisfaction with BI systems. End-user satisfaction and system usage have been recognized by many researchers as critical determinants of the success of information systems (IS). As an increasing number of companies have adopted BI systems, there is a need to understand their impact on an individual end-user's performance. In recent years, researchers have considered assessing individual performance effects from IS use as a key area of concern. Therefore, this study aims to empirically test a framework identifying the relationships between end-user computing satisfaction (EUCS), system usage, and individual performance. Data gathered from 330 end users of BI systems in the Taiwanese electronics industry were used to test the relationships proposed in the framework using the structural equation modeling approach. The results provide strong support for our model. Our results indicate that higher levels of EUCS can lead to increased BI system usage and improved individual performance, and that higher levels of BI system usage will lead to higher levels of individual performance. In addition, this study's findings, consistent with DeLone and McLean's IS success model, confirm that there exists a significant positive relationship between EUCS and system usage. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
12.
科学的、民主的公共决策流程可分为确定政策议题、制定具体政策、推行实施政策和评估修订政策四个环节。科学咨询贯穿于整个决策流程并成为确保决策质量和提高决策公信力的关键。当前我国公共决策急需一个关于如何科学使用科学咨询的宏观指导文件。本文介绍了英国科学办公室分别于1997、2000、2005、2010年颁布实施4版本有关科学咨询和政策制定的指导方针的概要情况,阐述了"英国经验"给我国公共决策机制改进带来的三点启示:一是尽早制定有关如何在公共决策过程中更好使用科学和工程咨询的规范性文件;二是明确相关管理机构;三是在决策实践中借鉴英国指导方针的部分核心理念、关键原则和有益做法。 相似文献
13.
Ethical protocols design 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Matteo Turilli 《Ethics and Information Technology》2007,9(1):49-62
The paper offers a solution to the problem of specifying computational systems that behave in accordance with a given set
of ethical principles. The proposed solution is based on the concepts of ethical requirements and ethical protocols. A new conceptual tool, called the Control Closure of an operation, is defined and used to translate ethical principles into ethical requirements and protocols. The concept
of Generalised Informational Privacy (GIP) is used as a paradigmatic example of an ethical principle. GIP is defined in such a way as to (i) discriminate specific
cases in which an individual’s GIP can be infringed without accessing the individual’s data; (ii) separate unauthorised accesses
to data that do not respect the right to GIP from access that do; and (iii) distinguish different degrees of GIP. Finally
a camera phone is used to illustrate the proposed solution. 相似文献
14.
15.
直觉决策从形象思维的角度研究决策者的决策行为,对经典的"理性人"追求"最优决策"的决策假说提出了挑战,而基于形象思维的直觉决策方法的研究也是当今决策理论研究的新趋势。本文对直觉决策理论的相关文献进行系统梳理和回顾,并指出了该领域未来可能的研究方向。 相似文献
16.
高科技企业非伦理技术行为不仅局限于企业与冲突方之间的关系相背离,还影响着社会、自然等生态圈平衡。而技术伦理原则寻求的是平衡和谐,实现整个环境的融洽稳定。本文从技术伦理原则的十二个指标研究高科技企业的非伦理技术行为,具体分析核伦理、太空伦理、生态伦理、基因伦理等方面,最后从宏观与微观两个层面提出了发展型伦理意识。宏观层面从整体上关注企业与自然、企业与技术、企业与未来之间的关系;微观层面具体地考察企业与人之间的技术伦理关系。 相似文献
17.
数据密集型新兴行业应用快速发展,是近年来高性能计算应用日益广泛和深入的主要特征。新兴高性能行业应用,在高性能计算系统技术创新、计算环境创新与应用创新等各个层面,都带来了新的挑战与机遇。文章在系统总结领域应用进展的基础上,概括了新兴行业应用的技术特点与挑战,提出了加大高性能计算系统核心技术创新力度、构建面向新型应用的高性能计算环境、大力推进高性能应用软件研发、大力推进传统应用的新方法开发,以及大力推进大数据人工智能等新领域基准评测工具研发等发展战略建议。 相似文献
18.
《International Journal of Information Management》2016,36(4):543-556
This paper reports on a research project that investigated how library and information (LIS) professionals experience ethical dilemmas, with particular reference to the impact of new technologies, sources used to assist ethical decision-making, and the contribution case studies can make to ethical understanding and decision-making. Data was collected through interviews in Britain, Ireland and Australia with LIS professionals, educators, and representatives of professional bodies. The findings identify the main types of dilemma raised and discuss cases indicative of each type. They suggest that new technologies do not appear to change ethical principles but, when experienced in the workplace, substantially change the factors the professional has to evaluate. They also suggest that relevant codes of ethics are satisfactory on traditional library issues of access and confidentiality, but do not address the ethical challenges of current and potential digital environments. Professional associations appear more familiar with codes of ethics than practitioners although practitioners show high levels of ethical awareness, suggesting associations need to communicate more with their members and provide tools that are more useful in the workplace. Case studies are seen as a good way to educate and engage practitioners because of the complexity, conflicts and dynamism they can present. 相似文献
19.
人工智能在深刻影响人类社会生产生活方式的同时,也引发诸多伦理困境与挑战,建立新的科技伦理规范以推动人工智能更好服务人类,成为全社会共同关注的主题。本文从科技伦理的视角,围绕机器人、算法、大数据、无人驾驶等人工智能领域所出现的伦理主体、责任分担、技术安全、歧视与公平性、隐私与数据保护等问题,以及人工智能技术的伦理治理,对国内外相关研究成果进行回顾分析,并提出未来需要在中国情境下伦理原则与治理体系的建立、人工智能伦理研究的跨学科合作、理论分析与实践案例的融合、多元主体伦理角色分工与协作等方面进行进一步研究。 相似文献
20.
工程技术人员这一群体有着独特的职业环境,又因其掌握的专业知识技能对公众的利益负有责任,因此需要伦理原则的指导,而这些原则又有着长期的形成过程。分析了工程技术人员职业活动中应遵循的伦理原则,并探讨了这些原则的形成过程。 相似文献