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1.
John L. Rudolph 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(3):403-419
Although the nature of science has long been seen as an important, indeed central, component of science education during this century, efforts to integrate an authentic view of the nature of science into the curriculum have often met with little success. Work in the field of science studies since the 1960s has compounded this difficulty by presenting educators with various competing, often conflicting, views of the essence of scientific inquiry. I discuss previous attempts to come to grips with this fundamental issue of how to deal with the competing views of science and suggest an alternative approach for integrating nature of science issues into the school science curriculum. What is needed is for educators to accept that no single nature of science exists and to develop curricula that help students understand instead the diverse, local practices that are found within and across scientific disciplines. 相似文献
2.
M.J. Gifford 《School Leadership & Management》2013,33(1):47-52
Research on the nature of and support for systemic sustainable innovation with ICT is converging with research on policy implementation and studies of school change and improvement to highlight the complex interplay of personal and contextual factors that enable and constrain innovation. In each of these fields, leadership has been found to play a crucial role in initiating and sustaining change and innovation. This leadership is not however the prerogative of any one individual but rather it is distributed over people at all levels of the system and across policies, practices and material resources. Leadership for innovation around and with ICT technologies is also distributed across time because of its substantial financial and knowledge implications. In this article, we illustrate the distributed nature of the leadership that supported teachers and schools to make use of teacher personal laptops accessed through the New Zealand government Laptops for Teachers scheme. 相似文献
3.
Susan Graves 《School Leadership & Management》2014,34(3):255-268
In this paper, the author explores the development of school staff who are employed to support pupils in the classroom, specifically the teaching assistant/higher level teaching assistant role. These roles have undergone considerable change following the introduction of Workforce Reform and Remodelling in English schools and the National Agreement. In practice, the introduction of this agreement into schools appears to have a powerful gendered aspect which limits choice and agency for individuals and prevents the development of a coherent workforce. I argue that the discourse of maternality within which the school support role has evolved supposes a level of self-sacrifice and conscientiousness which is gendered and conceals the exploitative nature of the role in terms of poor pay and career prospects. Furthermore, the growth of support staff in English schools to undertake roles previously assigned to teachers has had the effect of disaggregating and de-professionalising the teacher role and weakening the traditional job boundaries which defined the work of support staff. 相似文献
4.
论教育组织及其变革低效的制度根源 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
杜育红 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2002,(1):68-74
教育组织及其变革的低效性是长期困扰教育界的一个重要问题,但对产生这种问题原因的研究一直较为薄弱.针对这一问题,从教育组织的基本属性、学校组织目标的多重性与教育制度变迁方式三个方面,分析了教育组织及其变革低效的制度根源,提出提高教育组织及其变革效率的关键是重构教育与教育制度,尤其是政府与学校的关系. 相似文献
5.
Tasos A. Barbas Stefanos Paraskevopoulos Anastasia G. Stamou 《Learning, Media and Technology》2009,34(1):61-69
Despite the potential educational value of nature documentaries, the contribution of such films to environmental education is largely unknown. In the present study, we attempt to delineate the role of nature documentaries to the environmental sensitivity of students when the films are simply introduced to the class. More specifically, the present study experimentally checks whether students who have been exposed to a nature documentary on insects develop a greater level of environmental sensitivity towards those animals compared to students who have not. Moreover, we explore whether nature documentaries of a distinct type (i.e., verbal vs. non‐verbal) have a different effect on the students’ sensitivity. The results suggest that traditional nature documentaries have a positive effect on students’ sensitivity, while the non‐verbal, less conventional documentary is more effective in the development of environmental knowledge and feelings about insects. However, the non‐conventional approach is equally effective in the change in attitudes and beliefs as the verbal, ‘traditional’ one. Finally, the study discloses that students in general report more positive emotional reactions to insects than perceived knowledge and understanding. Although nature documentaries seem to improve all components of environmental sensitivity, they do not subvert the predominance of emotion over knowledge about insects. 相似文献
6.
Daniel Muijs 《Journal of Educational Change》2006,7(3):141-160
School effectiveness research has made a number of valuable contributions to educational research over the past three decades. However, its validity is threatened by a number of evolutions that question the continuing centrality of its basic research object, the public school. Moves towards more flexible school organization such as networks of schools, a broader role for schools reconceptualized as community centers, the emergence of new providers outwith the public sector, the increasingly internationalised nature of research and moves towards greater use of distance learning and home schooling all mean that this focus may rapidly become outdated, potentially making school effectiveness research irrelevant.In this paper we will discuss the consequences of these evolutions for school effectiveness research and argue that, rather than lessening the need for effectiveness research, they increase the imperative for this type of research, as long as it is broadened to educational effectiveness in its broadest sense whether it takes place in the traditional public school or not, and is conducted in an empirical and open-minded way. 相似文献
7.
Taking Wittgenstein's love of music as my impetus, I approach aporetic problems of epistemic relativity through a round of three overlapping (canonical) inquiries delivered in contrapuntal (higher and lower) registers. I first take up the question of scepticism surrounding 'groundless knowledge' and contending paradigms in On Certainty (physics versus oracular divination, or realism versus idealism) with attention given to the role of 'bedrock' certainties in providing stability amidst the Heraclitean flux. I then look into the formation of sedimented bedrock knowledge, or practices of knowing, by comparing Wittgenstein's remarks on animal habituation and initiate training into human forms of life. In the latter case, mastery of techniques—our common education—secures agreement in judgment. Finally, I entertain Wittgenstein's obscure references to Einstein's Relativity in Zettel , showing initiate training as a way of 'setting the clocks' with variable degrees of certainty, relative to the language-games played. Together, these three approaches help us to stop the 'endless circling' when philosophers try to address knowledge questions through the logic of object and designation, or verification of correspondence between propositions and things. Instead, attention moves to the way we educate our children and how we employ agreements and bedrock certainties in practices. 相似文献
8.
周作宇 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2020,(1):5-29
在基于平行时间的视角对中美俄三个大国教育改革的历史做了梳理之后,可以总结出"情境、主体、意图、行动、结果、评价和资源"是教育改革的基本要素,"价值与信念、治理与制度、资源与机会、教学与课程、评价与督导"是教育改革的基本观察点。随着主体层次变化,教育改革的复杂性也在相应变化。教育改革是改革惯习与场域文化的集体行动。一切教育改革都需从个体惯习找到突破口,并上升到场域文化的变化。在整个过程中,与意图相关的认知因素发挥着作用,同时,集体行动中因微观政治和社会互动的存在,教育改革也表现出复杂的动力学特征。要保证教育改革的效果,需要加强对教育改革的管理和评价。在行动科学的指导下改变学习观,创建学习型组织和学习型社会,是教育改革的行动逻辑。 相似文献
9.
The Enduring Nature of the Tripartite System of Secondary Schooling in Germany: Some Explanations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper suggests explanations for the enduring nature of the tripartite system of secondary education in Germany and the failure to develop the comprehensive school (Gesamtschule) over a long period. 相似文献
10.
11.
《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2013,45(5):621-637
Taking Wittgenstein's love of music as my impetus, I approach aporetic problems of epistemic relativity through a round of three overlapping (canonical) inquiries delivered in contrapuntal (higher and lower) registers. I first take up the question of scepticism surrounding ‘groundless knowledge’ and contending paradigms in On Certainty (physics versus oracular divination, or realism versus idealism) with attention given to the role of ‘bedrock’ certainties in providing stability amidst the Heraclitean flux. I then look into the formation of sedimented bedrock knowledge, or practices of knowing, by comparing Wittgenstein's remarks on animal habituation and initiate training into human forms of life. In the latter case, mastery of techniques—our common education—secures agreement in judgment. Finally, I entertain Wittgenstein's obscure references to Einstein's Relativity in Zettel, showing initiate training as a way of ‘setting the clocks’ with variable degrees of certainty, relative to the language‐games played. Together, these three approaches help us to stop the ‘endless circling’ when philosophers try to address knowledge questions through the logic of object and designation, or verification of correspondence between propositions and things. Instead, attention moves to the way we educate our children and how we employ agreements and bedrock certainties in practices. 相似文献
12.
我国免费师范教育制度存在的问题及建议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从新制度经济学的视角来看,免费师范教育制度的"回归"是一种强制性制度变迁,其本身的特点决定了这项制度不可避免地会存在一些问题.因此,必须对免费师范教育制度加以改进,以使其能够最大程度地实现预期目标. 相似文献
13.
Scott Eacott 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2015,47(4):312-329
AbstractWhereas epistemological debates raged in educational administration during the Theory Movement, or inspired by intervention from Thom Greenfield, Richard Bates or Colin Evers and Gabriele Lakomski, epistemology and the quest for the scientific study of educational administration has somewhat diminished in the era of managerialism and the pursuit of research that has a direct impact on practice. Theoretically informed by the work of the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, I seek to re-engage with the epistemological preliminaries of scholarship in educational leadership, management and administration. In doing so, I argue that administration is central to our way of seeing the social world and raise questions about the embedded and embodied nature of the educational administration scholar and what this means for scholarship. A social ‘scientific’ approach to educational administration, as advocated for in this article, must break free of the ambition of grounding in (rational) reason, the arbitrary division of the social world (e.g. administrators/non-administrators) and instead, take for its object, rather than getting itself caught up in, the struggle for the monopoly of the legitimate representation of the social world. 相似文献
14.
John Olson 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(1):1-8
In contrast to past educational research that views graph-related activities in terms of mental ability, I offer a conceptualization of graphing as a semiotic activity. This move provides a more viable account not only of individual experiences, familiarity and socio-cultural factors during graph reading, but also of errors committed by students and 'experts' alike. I outline a model of semiotic activity that contains two elements not present in other semiotic theories: the process of parsing the perceptual field to construct relevant signs and the grounding of a sign through the dialectic of sign-to-referent and referent-to-sign movements. This model of semiotic activity also implies an integration of research on graphing (and other sign-related activities) into a more general concept of literacy. 相似文献
15.
核心竞争力与核心竞争力教育 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鞠红霞 《柳州职业技术学院学报》2006,6(1):120-123
本文尝试从竞争、竞争力、核心三个概念出发分析核心竞争力的内涵和本质,并在此基础上初步探讨核心竞争力教育的有关理论,对核心竞争力教育、教育核心竞争力的概念和特征进行界定、阐释,对开展核心竞争力教育的重大意义进行论述。 相似文献
16.
Jennie Weiner 《School Leadership & Management》2016,36(5):471-492
This study focuses on how a cohort of participants in a programme aimed at producing ‘turnaround leaders’ came to understand this policy and their role within it. Using a theory of action framework, I find that, over time, participants’ espoused theories of turnaround shifted in three key areas: (1) the cause of poor school performance, (2) the principal’s approach to leading change, and (3) the district’s role in turnaround. While these shifts created more complex views of organisational change, they also produced disillusionment and highlighted tensions in current conceptualisations of turnaround including their potential role in enacting it. 相似文献
17.
In this article, I reopen some of the seminal theoretical debates among critical scholars on the nature of educational reform, arguing that there has been a consistent tendency in the literature to dismiss or downplay the significance of “instrumentalist” analyses in favour of cultural/hegemonic and structuralist explanations. As a result, education scholars who advance the instrumentalist emphasis on elite intervention in the policy process and the importance of organised class action have often been dismissed as one-dimensional and conspiratorial. To support this argument – and, by extension, those made by instrumentalist theorists – I bring together historical evidence from Canada and the United States in three historical periods: the mid-nineteenth century, the early twentieth century and post-Second World War. In each of these historical periods, I demonstrate how the structure and purpose of educational institutions were modified largely at the behest of economic elites (closely associated with political power and the professional educational establishment) in order to shape and implement a particular model of educational reform. Central to my argument is that powerful economic actors have always recognised the political nature of schooling and that elite class consciousness is and has been well-developed with respect to educational issues. The concluding section outlines the implications of my arguments for the future of educational reform. 相似文献
18.
Going Beyond Belief Systems: Exploring a Model for the Social Influence on Mathematics Teacher Beliefs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Peter Gates 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2006,63(3):347-369
This article discusses an approach to teacher belief systems which casts an eye away from cognitive constructs toward sociological
constructs to complement existing ideas about the nature and genesis of beliefs. I offer some theoretical ideas for extending
the notion of beliefs and describe two contrasting senior mathematics teachers, conceptualising the basis for their differences.
These differences move away from beliefs about mathematics, toward ideological and discursive positions which in turn construct
the nature of beliefs about teaching and learning. 相似文献
19.
Alison Cook‐Sather 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2008,38(2):231-245
Since the early 1980s educators have argued that reflection is an essential dimension of good pedagogical practice. This discussion of my attempt to support a constructivist approach to learning for three different groups of learners illustrates one effort to engage in such reflection. I analyze several assignments I have designed for differently positioned learners, all within the context of a liberal arts college in northeastern USA. Referring to the assignments I have developed in each context, I analyze the particular kinds of structures, challenges and supports I try to provide to learners, with the goal of surfacing the convictions I hold about learners' identities and capabilities. My intention is to identify underlying pedagogical principles that inform my practice across contexts, not only to make it clearer for myself and others what guides that practice but also, in an effort to acknowledge the evolving and interdependent nature of this work, to articulate the new challenges this analysis poses for me. 相似文献
20.
Fred Korthagen 《Teachers and Teaching》2017,23(4):387-405
Based on recent findings about teacher learning, a critical analysis of traditional and new approaches to professional development is presented. To a large degree, teacher learning takes place unconsciously and involves cognitive, emotional and motivational dimensions. Moreover, teacher learning takes place at various levels. Although these insights may be inconvenient truths to policy-makers, empirical evidence is presented showing that approaches building on the multi-level and multi-dimensional nature of teacher learning are effective at influencing teacher behaviour. Hence, in teacher learning, the connection with the person of the teacher is crucial. Practical consequences for professional development are discussed. 相似文献