共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
刘翠娜 《乐山师范学院学报》2013,(12):111-115
近年来,我国对数学学习困难儿童的表现、诊断、认知特点等有了较多的研究,这为数学学习困难儿童的干预策略提供了基础。通过对我国数学学习困难儿童的教育干预研究进行综述,发现主要有知觉加工干预策略、工作记忆干预策略、问题表征干预策略和元记忆干预策略,并在借鉴国外数学学习困难研究的基础上,对我国未来数学学习困难的研究提供若干建议。 相似文献
2.
PASS理论在数学学习困难研究领域中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
注重内部认知过程分析的PASS理论及其认知评估系统DN:CAS,为动态评估学习困难儿童的认知过程提供了系统的理论依据和有效的操作工具。国外近年来展开的基于PASS理论的数学学习困难研究主要集中在:PASS认知过程与数学成就的关系、不同类型数学学习困难儿童的认知特征与缺陷模式、及针对计划的干预研究。这些研究虽还不够深入,但却为数学学习困难领域的进一步系统化研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
3.
郑杭亚 《新课程学习(社会综合)》2011,(8)
研究小学数学学习困难儿童的工作记忆广度后,很明显的发现,正常儿童在视觉空间和言语工作记忆广度上都高于数学学习困难的儿童,对数学学习困难儿童是否伴随阅读困难进行对比,发现并没有显著的差异存在于二者的视觉空间和言语工作记忆广度上。导致数学学习困难儿童的这种不足的是发展的延迟。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
《现代教育技术》2019,(1):52-58
为检验工作记忆容量对软件操作技能教学视频自主学习效果和认知负荷的影响,文章采用3-back工作范式测验工作记忆容量,从114名大学生被试中筛选出工作记忆容量最高的24名被试和工作记忆容量最低的20名被试作为研究对象,要求他们观看一段关于制作Power Point幻灯片的教学视频,随后测量被试的自主学习效果和认知负荷。研究结果表明:较高的工作记忆容量对被试学习软件操作技能教学视频的自主学习效果和内、外在认知负荷均会产生积极影响,但对相关认知负荷的影响不明显。此研究结论丰富了工作记忆容量对教学视频自主学习效果影响的研究成果、验证了认知负荷理论的相关观点,可为教学视频或在线学习平台的开发、教学视频的学习提供理论参考。 相似文献
9.
在语言收听过程中,记忆、尤其是瞬时记忆,是理解的前提。“认知负荷理论”吸收和应用了认知信息加工理论关于注意短时记忆的研究成果,认为学习者的工作记忆容量是有限的,工作记忆的限制性成为了学习的主要障碍;认为通过教学设计尽量减少学习任务中不必要的认知负荷,使工作记忆的容量更多地集中于将要学习的材料中,从而促进学习。文章探讨了在认知负荷理论指导下的英语听力练习材料的设计。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
Mathematics and learning disabilities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Geary DC 《Journal of learning disabilities》2004,37(1):4-15
Between 5% and 8% of school-age children have some form of memory or cognitive deficit that interferes with their ability to learn concepts or procedures in one or more mathematical domains. A review of the arithmetical competencies of these children is provided, along with discussion of underlying memory and cognitive deficits and potential neural correlates. The deficits are discussed in terms of three subtypes of mathematics learning disability and in terms of a more general framework for linking research in mathematical cognition to research in learning disabilities. 相似文献
13.
Toll SW Van der Ven SH Kroesbergen EH Van Luit JE 《Journal of learning disabilities》2011,44(6):521-532
In the past years, an increasing number of studies have investigated executive functions as predictors of individual differences in mathematical abilities. The present longitudinal study was designed to investigate whether the executive functions shifting, inhibition, and working memory differ between low achieving and typically achieving children and whether these executive functions can be seen as precursors to math learning disabilities in children. Furthermore, the predictive value of working memory ability compared to preparatory mathematical abilities was examined. Two classifications were made based on (persistent) mathematical ability in first and second grade. Repeated measures analyses and discriminant analyses were used to investigate which functions predicted group membership best. Group differences in performance were found on one inhibition and three working memory tasks. The working memory tasks predicted math learning disabilities, even over and above the predictive value of preparatory mathematical abilities. 相似文献
14.
Ouhao Chen Juan C. Castro-Alonso Fred Paas John Sweller 《Educational Psychology Review》2018,30(2):483-501
Depletion of limited working memory resources may occur following extensive mental effort resulting in decreased performance compared to conditions requiring less extensive mental effort. This “depletion effect” can be incorporated into cognitive load theory that is concerned with using the properties of human cognitive architecture, especially working memory, when designing instruction. Two experiments were carried out on the spacing effect that occurs when learning that is spaced by temporal gaps between learning episodes is superior to identical, massed learning with no gaps between learning episodes. Using primary school students learning mathematics, it was found that students obtained lower scores on a working memory capacity test (Experiments 1 and 2) and higher ratings of cognitive load (Experiment 2) after massed than after spaced practice. The reduction in working memory capacity may be attributed to working memory resource depletion following the relatively prolonged mental effort associated with massed compared to spaced practice. An expansion of cognitive load theory to incorporate working memory resource depletion along with instructional design implications, including the spacing effect, is discussed. 相似文献
15.
Cognitive load theory,educational research,and instructional design: some food for thought 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ton de Jong 《Instructional Science》2010,38(2):105-134
Cognitive load is a theoretical notion with an increasingly central role in the educational research literature. The basic
idea of cognitive load theory is that cognitive capacity in working memory is limited, so that if a learning task requires
too much capacity, learning will be hampered. The recommended remedy is to design instructional systems that optimize the
use of working memory capacity and avoid cognitive overload. Cognitive load theory has advanced educational research considerably
and has been used to explain a large set of experimental findings. This article sets out to explore the open questions and
the boundaries of cognitive load theory by identifying a number of problematic conceptual, methodological and application-related
issues. It concludes by presenting a research agenda for future studies of cognitive load. 相似文献
16.
Carol S. Robinson Bruce M. Menchetti Joseph K. Torgesen 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2002,17(2):81-89
A two‐factor theory is proposed in an attempt to explain the difficulty that children with math disabilities have in mastering the basic number facts. The theory is based on the premise that weak cognitive representations lead to poorer retrieval of information from long‐term memory. Two groups of children with disabilities are discussed: those with math disabilities alone (MD) and those with co‐morbid math and reading disabilities (MD/RD). It is proposed that weak phonological processing abilities underlie the learning difficulties of MD/RD children, and that weak number sense is a causal factor in the math‐fact learning difficulties of MD only and some MD/RD children. 相似文献
17.
梅耶的多媒体学习理论是建立在坚实的理论基础和可靠的实证经验基础上的科学体系。多媒体学习的认知理论是理解多媒体学习的关键。双重通道假设、容量有限假设和主动加工假设是梅耶构建多媒体学习认知理论的基石,也是整个多媒体学习科学体系的逻辑起点。这三大假设赖以成立的理论前提正是双重编码理论、工作记忆模型、生成学习理论和认知负荷理论,由此构成了多媒体学习的理论基础。具体而言,双重编码理论和工作记忆模型为多媒体学习的认知理论构建提供了关键概念与元素;生成学习理论则为多媒体学习的认知理论构建提供了基本的解释性框架;多媒体学习的认知理论正是由这些关键概念、元素和解释性框架整合而成;而认知负荷理论则以多媒体学习的认知理论为基础,进而为多媒体教学的系列设计原理提供了关键支撑。 相似文献
18.
根据认知负荷理论,学习受认知负荷与工作记忆的影响。当今信息时代,大学英语课堂的认知负荷往往超过学生的工作记忆能力,教学达不到预期的效果。针对这一问题,研究了运用思维导图解决英语教学过程中的认知负荷问题,给出一种基于建构主义教学模式设计思维导图的案例,并对英语教学中思维导图的设计要领进行了分析和探讨。分析和实践表明,在英语课堂教学中运用思维导图对于激发学生的发散性思维,促进知识建构,提高教学效果具有重要意义。 相似文献