共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 984 毫秒
1.
李禄群 《成都教育学院学报》2008,22(5):76-77
观察植物细胞质壁分离与复原是高中生物教学中的一个经典实验。利用生活中常见的白萝卜为实验材料进行渗透装置的设置新颖地完成了实验课的导入,易激发学生学习兴趣;组织学生对实验材料进一步探究,总结出从本地实际出发选用不同品种、不同季节的材料进行实验;从巩固拓展知识的角度结合高考实际进行实验渗透原理的实战练兵,从而回归到教材,提高学生实验设计能力。 相似文献
2.
Hassen-Reda Dahmani Patricia Schneeberger IJsbrand M. Kramer 《CBE life sciences education》2009,8(3):226-238
The number of experimentally derived structures of cellular components is rapidly expanding, and this phenomenon is accompanied by the development of a new semiotic system for teaching. The infographic approach is shifting from a schematic toward a more realistic representation of cellular components. By realistic we mean artist-prepared or computer graphic images that closely resemble experimentally derived structures and are characterized by a low level of styling and simplification. This change brings about a new challenge for teachers: designing course instructions that allow students to interpret these images in a meaningful way. To determine how students deal with this change, we designed several image-based, in-course assessments. The images were highly relevant for the cell biology course but did not resemble any of the images in the teaching documents. We asked students to label the cellular components, describe their function, or both. What we learned from these tests is that realistic images, with a higher apparent level of complexity, do not deter students from investigating their meaning. When given a choice, the students do not necessarily choose the most simplified representation, and they were sensitive to functional indications embedded in realistic images. 相似文献
3.
Three organizational learning mediation processes are proposed as mechanisms for organizational change in this article. These
include instructional leadership, tight coupling and boundary spanning. Whilst each of these processes has received attention
in the research literature, we propose that their power arises from their particular combination rather than the occurrence
of each in isolation. We illustrate the ways in which these processes might combine to create an organizational learning environment
required for the kind of changes needed to raise student achievement. We do this with reference to a case study of a New Zealand
school that dramatically improved the learning outcomes of students in reading. We describe the practices of a new principal,
who was relatively inexperienced in school management but experienced in curriculum leadership. The case study illustrates
how through her instructional leadership the principal was able to span the boundaries of her organization so that within
a relatively short space of time the school became a more tightly coupled system that learnt to improve the learning outcomes
of its students. 相似文献
4.
Various studies have focused on self-regulated student learning. However, little attention has been given to the self-regulation processes in teacher learning. In this study, we focus on the work-related learning processes reported by experienced higher education teachers. The aim of this study was to discover whether teachers actively self-regulate their learning experiences (as their students are expected to do) and to examine how this regulation takes place in the workplace. We tested some generally held assumptions and conceptions regarding teacher learning. Fifteen experienced college teachers, from three different colleges in The Netherlands, participated. Two semi-structured interviews and a (digital) diary study were used as the primary data collection methods. We collected 86 examples of teacher learning episodes. These were analysed using a phenomenographic method. The results show that our teachers’ learning experiences are not as self-regulated, planned, reflective, or spiral as some assume. Sometimes, the teachers’ learning was planned (self-regulated), but mostly it occurred in a non-linear (both external and self-regulated) or spontaneous (externally regulated) way. We conclude that our teachers do not always self-regulate their learning, but they mostly do self-regulate their teaching practice (with learning as a result). 相似文献
5.
Yueh-Min Huang Rustam Shadiev Ai Sun Wu-Yuin Hwang Tzu-Yu Liu 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2017,65(3):505-531
For this study the researchers designed learning activities to enhance students’ high level cognitive processes. Students learned new information in a classroom setting and then applied and analyzed their new knowledge in familiar authentic contexts by taking pictures of objects found there, describing them, and sharing their homework with peers. An experiment was carried out in which 58 junior high school students were divided into a control (n = 30) and an experimental (n = 28) group. The control group studied and completed learning activities with traditional textbooks while the experimental group used electronic textbooks and a learning system, Virtual Pen for Tablet PC (VPenTPC), in order to gauge the feasibility of the proposed approach. The post-test results show a significant difference between the control and experimental groups. In our analysis of the various approaches students took to complete the task, we were able to identify thirty cognitive and metacognitive strategies for using mobile technology, from which we selected the ten most frequently used ones. The results show that low ability students make better use of strategies than their high ability peers, resulting in significant learning gains. The results also show that most students perceive VPenTPC positively. Based on these results, we suggest some implications along with conclusions and directions for future research. 相似文献
6.
Communication, collaboration and community development are processes that contribute to student satisfaction and learning in online courses. This paper describes a study that investigated how campus and distance graduate students in a library science program communicated with one another outside the official boundaries of their courses. We conducted a survey to answer two research questions: 1) What Web 2.0 technologies do students use to communicate with one another outside of the formal structure of their online courses? and 2) What do they talk about in such communication? The results showed that, while students used a variety of technologies to communicate with one another, those enrolled at a distance made greater use of technology to communicate with one another. Moreover, clear preferences emerged according to age. Younger students preferred mobile technologies while older students experimented with a wider range of web-based technologies. We interpret these results and offer recommendations for practice based on our interpretation. 相似文献
7.
8.
Student success and retention continue to be of concern for higher education institutions. Wider participation, combined with lower completion rates for non-traditional students, highlights the need for new ways of understanding the student experience to ground policy and practice. This article provides this insight by drawing together a number of key constructs to refine a recent framework of student engagement. We argue that the transition metaphor, focusing on the first year, is limited because it depicts differences between students and institutions as both transient and temporal. Instead, we use a cultural lens to introduce the educational interface as a metaphor for the individual psychosocial space within which institutional and student factors combine and student engagement in learning occurs. Incorporating the interface into the existing framework of student engagement makes three contributions to our understanding of the student experience. First, the educational interface is a tangible way of representing the complex interactions between students and institutions, and how those interactions influence engagement. Second, the refined framework highlights four specific psychosocial constructs: self-efficacy, emotions, belonging and well-being, which, we contend, are critical mechanisms for mediating the interactions between student and institutional characteristics and student engagement and success. Finally, the refined framework helps to explain why some students with demographic characteristics associated with lower completion rates are retained and do go on to successfully complete their studies, while similar others do not. These three contributions, the interface, the key constructs within it being mediating mechanisms and their explanatory utility, provide focus for the design and implementation of curricula and co-curricular initiatives aimed at enhancing student success and retention, and importantly to evaluate the impact of these interventions. 相似文献
9.
Pierre Gorissen Jan van Bruggen Wim Jochems 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2015,46(1):45-57
Students more and more have access to online recordings of the lectures they attend at universities. The volume and length of these recorded lectures however make them difficult to navigate. Research shows that students primarily watch the recorded lectures while preparing for their exams. They do watch the full recorded lectures, but review only the parts that are relevant to them. While doing so, they often lack the required mechanisms to locate efficiently those parts of the recorded lecture that they want to view. In this paper, we describe an experiment where expert tagging is used as a means to facilitate the students' search. In the experiment, 255 students had the option to use tags to navigate 18 recorded lectures. We used the data tracked by the lecture capture system to analyze the use of the tags by the students. We compared these data to students who did not use the tagging interface (TI). Results show that the use of the TI increases in time. Students use the TI more actively over time while reducing the amount of video that they view. The experiment also shows that students who use the TI score higher grades when compared with students who use the regular interface. 相似文献
10.
This study investigates the modelling conceptualisation of secondary school students in two situations related to particle dynamics: pendulum’s motion and horizontal motion. We performed in-depth clinical interviews with secondary school students (N?=?10). Participants’ ideas about properties which are not ‘given’ in empirical observations were explored in order to investigate signs of abstractions and idealisations in their reasoning processes. We proposed contributions to modelling in science education based on Mario Bunge’s epistemology and we employed his basic concepts as the axis to analyse our results: (1) abstractions and idealisations, considered as thought processes required to build conceptual counterparts of concrete objects; (2) theoretical models, meaning hypothetico-deductive systems concerning those conceptual objects; and (3) general theoretical frameworks that allow us to derive those theoretical models. We developed our analysis viewing the ideas presented by participants as concepts-in-action and theorems-in-action as regarded by Gérard Vergnaud’s Theory of Conceptual Fields. Results indicated a gradation in the concepts-in-action mobilised in terms of levels of idealisation and showed that participants do not spontaneously recognise the use of a general theory as a possible way to obtain a theoretical model. These results suggest that science education practices must pay better attention to make abstractions and idealisations explicit in scientific concepts formation, as well as to the heuristic role of theories in model construction. 相似文献
11.
当今社会,越来越注重与他人协作共事,合作的意识和能力越来越体现一个人的综合素质。在高中物理教学中开展合作学习,能有效地培养学生学习的主动性、团结协作能力,扩展学生思维广度和丰富学生学习方法,从而提高学生学习效果和综合素质。作者于2012年2月初选择粤教版高中物理教材《必修2》在湛江市第二中学一个实验班中开展了物理合作学习的教学实验。经过近一年的教学实践,深深体会到物理教学中合作学习课堂教学模式给师生带来的收获,深深体会到在高中物理教学中开展合作学习教学模式的现实意义。 相似文献
12.
《Learning and Instruction》2002,12(6):589-604
In an attmpt to help both students and teachers to change their traditional roles in the classroom, educational psychologists have engaged in two types of projects. The first project can be condensed to “understanding the dynamics of self-regulated learning”. The second project can be summarized as “understanding the dynamics of powerful learning environments as a way to promote self-regulation in the classroom”. In this essay I attempt to establish the centrality of self-regulation as a theoretical assumption and a fundamental psychological construct. I argue that most current psychological models of self-regulation, and by implication the innovation programs that are based on these models, are not well focused, are incomplete, and harbor many misconceptions. I also argue that educational psychologists need to broaden the way they conceptualize the dynamics of learning contexts and find new ways to study the integrated processes that make up self-regulation in the context of the classroom. My main message is that students bring their own goals to the classroom and that these goals are the key to their adaptation system. These personal goals give meaning and organization, or in other words purpose, to a student’s adaptation processes in the classroom. Some of my comments are critical, but I do not intend to discredit the important work that has been done in this area. Rather, I want to argue that educational psychologists nee to broaden the way they conceptualize the dynamics of learning contexts and find new ways to study the integrated processes that make up self-regulation in teh context of the classroom. Doing so requires not only using a kaleidoscope of teaching methods, but also looking beyond these methods to explore the possibilities of theories that remain marginalized in educational research. 相似文献
13.
Policy discourses posit an accountability deficit as an underlying cause of a “learning crisis” in many low-income countries. Many studies understand this perceived deficit from a principal-agent perspective, arguing that incentives facing teachers and schools often do not align to the interests of parents and students. Such perspectives underlie many randomized controlled trials, which associate interventions with outcomes, but which also produce varying or inconsistent results across contexts. This paper seeks to study the accountability of schools and teachers more directly, looking at how it varies across public and private schools and how it relates to students’ literacy and numeracy abilities. We report results from a mixed methods study conducted in Mumbai and Kathmandu. Our results show that there are some relationships between accountability and learning outcomes, but these appear to be specific to the context. Quantitative data also show that differences between public and private models of schooling are negligible when students’ social backgrounds and school composition are considered. Qualitative data show that accountability processes create a significant burden on staff time and embed complex power dynamics that are not always productive. Taken together, these results problematize policies that seek to improve learning through “demand-side” approaches such as privatization. They show that the dynamics of accountability are a complex system, like the motion of a "double pendulum," and therefore simple conceptual approoaches such as the principal-agent model are of limited academic and practical utility. 相似文献
14.
设计了碳纳米管基复合膜气体分离性能的研究性实验。该实验采用化学氧化法、水热法及溶液浇铸法和溶剂蒸发法等多样化学方法制备复合膜材料,利用透射电子显微镜、X-射线衍射仪和X-光电能谱仪对材料进行表征,最后研究复合膜的气体渗透实验并对结果进行分析。该实验能扩大和丰富学生们的学术视野和科研思维,提高学生的实践能力,加深对已掌握的专业知识的理解及对知识的融会贯通,培养了学生的科研素养。 相似文献
15.
The functions of the eukaryotic cell rely onmembrane-bound compartments called organelles. Each of these possesses distinct membrane composition and unique function. In the 1970’s, during George Palade’s time, it was unclear how these organelles communicate with each other and perform their biological functions. The elegant research work of James E Rothman, Randy W Schekman and Thomas C Südhof identified the molecular machinery required for membrane trafficking, vesicle fusion and cargo delivery. Further, they also showed the importance of these processes for biological function. Their novel findings helped to explain several biological phenomena such as insulin secretion, neuron communication and other cellular activities. In addition, their work provided clues to cures for several neurological, immunological and metabolic disorders. This research work laid the foundation to the field of molecular cell biology and these post-Palade investigators were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2013. 相似文献
16.
面向21世纪创新人才培养的需求——加强传感器实验教学改革 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
卢翠珍 《中国现代教育装备》2010,(11):102-104
传感器是一门知识和技术密集型的新型学科,其实践性和应用性很强,学生通过实验除了能验证理论知识外,还能加强创新和实践能力的培养。针对我校多年来传感器实验教学的现状,以及新世纪对创新人才培养的要求,进行了有益的改革,旨在提高学生的动手能力,培养技能型创新人才。 相似文献
17.
细胞生物学综合性实验的设计 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在基础实验课程基础上,开设综合性实验,是实验课教学改革的一项内容。所设计实施的微管相关的综合性实验内容,既是当前的研究热点,又是学生较熟悉的细胞结构,学生在完成的过程中,实践多项实验技术、并尝试独立进行实验准备和设计。本项实验研究内容较完整,可以引发学生的科学研究兴趣,培养创新思维习惯。 相似文献
18.
Cellular processes that rely on knowledge of molecular behavior are difficult for students to comprehend. For example, thorough understanding of meiosis requires students to integrate several complex concepts related to chromosome structure and function. Using a grounded theory approach, we have unified classroom observations, assessment data, and in-depth interviews under the theory of knowledge transfer to explain student difficulties with concepts related to chromosomal behavior. In this paper, we show that students typically understand basic chromosome structure but do not activate cognitive resources that would allow them to explain macromolecular phenomena (e.g., homologous pairing during meiosis). To improve understanding of topics related to genetic information flow, we suggest that instructors use pedagogies and activities that prime students for making connections between chromosome structure and cellular processes. 相似文献
19.
Cindy E. Hmelo-Silver Rebecca Jordan Catherine Eberbach Suparna Sinha 《Instructional Science》2017,45(1):53-72
In this paper, we share results from a classroom intervention that used a conceptual representation to support reasoning about ecosystems. Engaging students in modeling allows them to make their ideas visible while being malleable and available for discussion, which enables students to make meaning out of systems. Further, the Components-Mechanisms-Phenomena (CMP) conceptual representation was designed to enable students to construct coherent mental models. Following our intervention, students deepened their understanding of ecosystem dynamics when compared to students who engaged in traditional instruction without use of the CMP conceptual representation. We discuss our results in terms of data that helped guide the design of the intervention and we describe a theoretical perspective that can be used to guide future instruction. 相似文献
20.
Prior research shows that representational competencies that enable students to use graphical representations to reason and solve tasks is key to learning in many science, technology, engineering, and mathematics domains. We focus on two types of representational competencies: (1) sense making of connections by verbally explaining how different representations map to one another, and (2) perceptual fluency that allows students to fast and effortlessly use perceptual features to make connections among representations. Because these different competencies are acquired via different types of learning processes, they require different types of instructional support: sense-making activities and fluency-building activities. In a prior experiment, we showed benefits for combining sense-making activities and fluency-building activities. In the current work, we test how to combine these two forms of instructional support, specifically, whether students should first work on sense-making activities or on fluency-building activities. This comparison allows us to investigate whether sense-making competencies enhance students’ acquisition of perceptual fluency (sense-making-first hypothesis) or whether perceptual fluency enhances students’ acquisition of sense-making competencies (fluency-first hypothesis). We conducted a lab experiment with 74 students from grades 3–5 working with an intelligent tutoring system for fractions. We assessed learning processes and learning outcomes related to representational competencies and domain knowledge. Overall, our results support the sense-making-first hypothesis, but not the fluency-first hypothesis. 相似文献