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“数学是思维的体操”．“数学教学应该是思维的活动”。缺失了“思维”的数学．就好比是无根的草木．迟早有一天会枯萎。那么,在今天我们该如何把握自己的数学课堂．如何把握思维本位呢？ 相似文献
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在课堂教学实施素质教育的过程中,培养学生的创新思维已经成为中小学教师认真思考和研究的问题。如何理解中小学生的创新思维呢?小学生在学习数学过程中,凡不拘泥于死记书本知识,不依常规模仿练习,通过自己独立自主地观察、思考、计算、操作等活动,探索“新”知识、确定“新”思路、发现“新”规律、完成“新”设计、制作“新”作品、提出“新”问题、表达“新”观点等都是他们创新思维的显露。如何结合小学数学教学,培养和发展学生的创新思维呢?一、注重问题的求异性求异思维是创新思维的显著特征之一。在教学中适时开展求异思维训练,是培… 相似文献
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刘艳萍 《中国教育发展研究杂志》2007,4(10):113-115
如何在中学数学教学中渗透数学思想方法，如何抓好“概念教学”、“数学命题教学”、“解题的教学”和“数学活动课”，文章提出了一些原理与方法，对于提高学生的数学素养，形成良好的思维品质，具有积极的意义． 相似文献
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赵开树 《淮南师范学院学报》2008,10(3):115-116
“教学实验”是一种新的数学教学模式,神经官能症是为了探究式地发现数学知识,检验数学结论（或假设）而进行的某种操作和思维活动。着重研究在“新课标”教学活动中如何有效地借助“数学实验”来打破传统的教学模式,以培养学生自主学习、探究发现、独立获取数学知识的能力。 相似文献
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现代教学论认为：数学教学实质上是数学思维活动的教学，没有思维，就谈不上数学教学，更谈不上培养能力、开发智力，因为思维是智力的核心。因此，在教学中，教师应根据教学内容和学生的认知规律培养学生的思维能力。而“思维训练”该如何落实？这值得我们不断探讨与研究。 相似文献
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数学思维与小学数学教学 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
郑毓信 《课程.教材.教法》2004,(4)
“帮助学生学会基本的数学思想方法”是新一轮数学课程改革所设定的一个基本目标。以国际上的相关研究为背景,对小学数学教学中如何突出数学思维进行具体分析表明,即使是十分初等的数学内容也同样体现了一些十分重要的数学思维形式及其特征性质。 相似文献
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作为思维体操的数学，如何才能更好的启迪思维？笔者认为，有时不妨在小学数学课堂教学中聘请诸位文学使者，让“他们”为开启学生的数学思维尽一份绵薄之力。 相似文献
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以高一“函数”教学为例,从思维的敏捷性、灵活性、批判性、深刻性和独创性五个方面,阐述如何培养学生的思维品质和数学思维能力,以提高教学效益。 相似文献
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“数学实验”教学初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
徐江培 《中学数学教学参考》2005,(1):18-19
数学实验指的是为了探究数学知识、发现数学结论或假设而进行的某种操作、试验或思维活动，是探索性学习和教学的形式．在发达国家中，数学实验已成为常见的教学形式．近几年，笔者对如何在数学教学中引入“数学实验”的问题进行了初步研究和探索，对如何开展“数学实验”的教学实践活动，做了以下尝试和分析。 相似文献
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Bruce Sherin 《科学教学研究杂志》2006,43(6):535-555
Over the last two decades, a significant body of research has documented the nature of intuitive physics knowledge—the knowledge of the world that students bring to the learning of formal physics. However, this research has yet to document the roles played by intuitive physics knowledge in expert physics practice. In this article, I discuss three related questions: (1) What role, if any, does intuitive knowledge play in physics problem solving? (2) How does intuitive physics knowledge change in order to play that role, if at all? (3) When and how do these changes typically occur? In answer to these questions, I attempt to show that intuitive physics knowledge can play a variety of roles in expert problem solving, including some roles that are central and directly connected to equations. This research draws on observations of college students working in pairs to solve physics problems. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 43: 535–555, 2006 相似文献
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The idea that characteristics acquired by an organism during its lifetime can be inherited by offspring and result in evolution is a substantial impediment to student understanding of evolution. In the current study, we performed a preliminary examination of how acquiring physical changes in a question prompt may differentially cue intuitive and scientific justifications of inheritance and evolution and how this varies based on how student learned the concept. Middle school students in a suburban northeastern district (N = 314) either learned about evolutionary change with a category construction task (with different levels of feedback support) or completed a worksheet. Three days later students responded to two free response scenarios (one where a physical change is acquired). Responses were coded based on student justifications for either science accuracy or intuitive nature. Specific reasons were coded by justification type with high inter-rater agreement (k > 0.93). Results showed that students were more likely to apply intuitive reasoning when a physical change was acquired (50%) than if the change was behavioral in nature (16%). Additionally, students who completed the category construction task provided significantly more scientifically accurate justifications about inheritance (M = 1.12) than control students (M = 0.47), and significantly less intuitive justifications (M = 0.67) than control (M = 1.13). Finally, category construction produced the most scientific reasoning when feedback was provided. Taken together, these results suggest that intuitive reasoning is differentially applied based on physical organismal changes, intuitive reasoning is less frequent when learning via category construction, and the category construction task is more effective for this population with the inclusion of feedback. 相似文献
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In this paper, we report a case study of a 16-year-old Swedish upper secondary student's developing understanding of key concept areas studied in his upper secondary school chemistry course. This study illustrates how the thinking of an individual learner, Jesper, evolves over a school year in response to formal instruction in a particular educational context. Jesper presented a range of ideas, some of which matched intended teaching whilst others were quite inconsistent with canonical chemistry. Of particular interest, research data suggest that his initial alternative conceptions influenced his thinking about subsequent teaching of chemistry subject matter, illustrating how students' alternative conceptions interact with formal instruction. Our findings support the claims of some researchers that alternative conceptions may be stable and tenacious in the context of instruction. Jesper's rich conceptualisation of matter at submicroscopic scales drew upon intuitions about the world that led to teaching being misinterpreted to develop further alternative conceptions. Yet his intuitive thinking also offered clear potential links with canonical scientific concepts that could have been harnessed to channel his developing thinking. These findings support the argument that identifying students' intuitive thinking and how it develops in different instructional contexts can support the development of more effective science pedagogy. 相似文献
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Brenton Faber 《Technical Communication Quarterly》2013,22(2):189-202
This article examines the role intuition plays in forming ethical decisions. First, the article reviews examples of intuitive ethics in professional communication research. Second, the article suggests that intuition is the naturalization of dominant cultural values and beliefs. Third, the article considers naturalized values within institutions and organizations, demonstrating how naturalized values can lead to unquestioned and oppressive institutional practices. Ethical inquiry, according to this view, investigates and denaturalizes those assumptions that are carried forth by intuition. Fourth, the article offers a pedagogical example of this theory, demonstrating how a group of business communication students investigated the intuitive practices of a non‐profit organization. The article concludes by suggesting the value that a “critique of intuition” may have for the teaching, study, and practice of professional ethics. 相似文献
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AbstractThe experience of researching as a Māori student within academia will often raise questions about how and whether the student’s research privileges Māori world views and articulates culturally specific epistemologies. This study offers some theorising, from the perspectives of a Maori doctoral student and her Maori supervisor (the authors of this study), on the metaphysical nature of research for Maori. It emphasises that there is a space for speculative, creative and responsive thinking as a central method in the student’s doctoral research and describes how access to free thinking has been only partly recognised in currently dominant methods of research. We describe this approach as ‘whakaaro’, and note its relationship to language itself, to the researcher and the interviewee, and in particular to the researcher’s intuitive and largely unknowable response to what an interviewee utters. In that act, the student envisages that she will expansively hint at (but not pretend to grasp) the deep expression of the profoundly mysterious. Here, our thinking resonates with various Western and indigenous writings about research and adumbrates the potential of the whakaaro method without foreclosing against its various permutations. 相似文献
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脑科学研究与学生素质培养 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
脑科学研究成果如何应用于教育改革以提高学生素质？如研究脑科学中关于人语言中枢发展的关键期与可塑性如何用于儿童语言的早期教育；用脑科学的研究成果用于教育中如何改善学生们的记忆问题；研究脑科学中关于“敏感化”用于培养学生们创造性的“直觉”思维问题；研究大脑神经最重要的对多重记忆的整合功能，用于培养学生们德、智、体、美全面发展问题。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to contribute to a theoretical knowledge base through research by examining factors salient to science education reform and practice in the context of socioscientific issues. The study explores how individuals negotiate and resolve genetic engineering dilemmas. A qualitative approach was used to examine patterns of informal reasoning and the role of morality in these processes. Thirty college students participated individually in two semistructured interviews designed to explore their informal reasoning in response to six genetic engineering scenarios. Students demonstrated evidence of rationalistic, emotive, and intuitive forms of informal reasoning. Rationalistic informal reasoning described reason‐based considerations; emotive informal reasoning described care‐based considerations; and intuitive reasoning described considerations based on immediate reactions to the context of a scenario. Participants frequently relied on combinations of these reasoning patterns as they worked to resolve individual socioscientific scenarios. Most of the participants appreciated at least some of the moral implications of their decisions, and these considerations were typically interwoven within an overall pattern of informal reasoning. These results highlight the need to ensure that science classrooms are environments in which intuition and emotion in addition to reason are valued. Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 42: 112–138, 2005 相似文献
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Recent evidence indicates that people's intuitive judgments are sometimes affected by systematic biases that can lead to bad decisions. Much of the value of this research depends on its applicability, i.e., showing people when and how their judgments are wrong and how they can be improved. This article describes one step toward that goal, i.e., the development of a curriculum for junior high school students aimed at improving thought processes, specifically, those necessary in uncertain situations (probabilistic thinking). The relevant psychological literature is summarized and the main guidelines in the curriculum development are specified: (a) encouraging students to introspect and examine their own (and others') thought processes consciously, (b) indicating the circumstances in which common modes of thinking may cause fallacies, and (c) providing better tools for coping with the problems that emerge. Two detailed examples are given. In addition, the problem of training teachers is briefly discussed and a small-scale evaluation effort is described. 相似文献
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Dina Tirosh Ruth Stavy Shmuel Cohen 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(10):1257-1269
This paper is a part of an extensive project on the role of intuitive rules in science and mathematics education. First, we described the effects of two intuitive rules ‐‐ ‘Everything comes to an end’ and ‘Everything can be divided’ ‐‐ on seventh to twelfth grade students’ responses to successive division tasks related to mathematical and physical objects. Then, we studied the effect of an intervention, which provided students with two contradictory statements, one in line with students’ intuitive response, the other contradicting it, on their responses to various successive division tasks. It was found that this conflict‐based intervention did not improve students’ ability to differentiate between successive division processes related to mathematical objects and those related to material ones. These results reconfirmed that intuitive rules are stable and resistant to change. Finally, this paper raised the need for additional research related to the relationship between intuitive rules and formal knowledge. 相似文献