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1.
Interest in the development of grid-level energy storage systems has increased over the years.As one of the most popular energy storage technologies currently available,batteries offer a number of high-value opportunities due to their rapid responses,flexible installation,and excellent performances.However,because of the complexity,multifunctionality,and wide deployment of power grids,trade-offs in battery performance exist,especially when considering economics,environmental effects,and safety.Therefore,establishing a comprehensive assessment of battery technologies is an urgent undertaking.In this work,we present an analysis of rough sets to evaluate the integration of battery systems(e.g.,lead-acid batteries,lithium-ion batteries,nickel/metal-hydrogen batteries,zinc-air batteries,and Na-S batteries) into a power grid.Specifically,technological properties,economic significance,environmental effects,and safety of these battery systems are evaluated on the basis of rough set theory.In addition,some perspectives are provided to promote the development of battery technologies for grid-level energy storage. 相似文献
2.
In the electrical energy transformation process,the grid-level energy storage system plays an essential role in balancing power generation and utilization.Batteries have considerable potential for application to grid-level energy storage systems because of their rapid response,modularization,and flexible installation.Among several battery technologies,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) exhibit high energy efficiency,long cycle life,and relatively high energy density.In this perspective,the properties of LIBs,including their operation mechanism,battery design and construction,and advantages and disadvantages,have been analyzed in detail.Moreover,the performance of LIBs applied to grid-level energy storage systems is analyzed in terms of the following grid services:(1) frequency regulation;(2) peak shifting;(3) integration with renewable energy sources;and(4) power management.In addition,the challenges encountered in the application of LIBs are discussed and possible research directions aimed at overcoming these challenges are proposed to provide insight into the development of grid-level energy storage systems. 相似文献
3.
Harnessing sunlight for the production of electrical energy is an engrossing prospect. The crucial concept underlying the success of solar power stations is energy storage and its retrieval on demand which can be most effectively achieved with storage batteries. This article highlights the chemistry of existing and emerging battery technologies. 相似文献
4.
Phosphorus in energy storage has received widespread attention in recent years. Both the high specific capacity and ion mobility of phosphorus may lead to a breakthrough in energy storage materials. Black phosphorus, an allotrope of phosphorus, has a sheet-like structure similar to graphite. In this review, we describe the structure and properties of black phosphorus and characteristics of the conductive electrode material, including theoretical calculation and analysis. The research progress in various ion batteries, including lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium–air batteries, and supercapacitors, is summarized according to the introduction of black phosphorus materials in different electrochemical applications. Among them, with the introduction of black phosphorus in lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries, the research on the properties of black phosphorus and carbon composite is introduced. Based on the summary, the future development trend and potential of black phosphorus materials in the field of electrochemistry are analyzed. 相似文献
5.
提出一种基于双蓄电池储能系统的电压分层协调控制策略,以储能系统为主体协调控制母线电压稳定。根据母线电压的变化范围将系统的动态调节过程划分为稳态阶段与暂态阶段。稳态阶段下,采用双蓄电池组共同协调工作方式,解决了负载突变导致单组蓄电池充放电电流过大,易引起过流故障的问题;暂态阶段下,采用基于改进下垂控制的双蓄电池组轮换协调工作方式,解决了单组蓄电池荷电状态(State of Charge,SOC)达到上、下限后,出现过充或过放情况引起的蓄电池损坏问题。利用Matlab/Simulink平台分别对系统的两种动态调节过程进行仿真,验证各阶段下所提出的工作方式的有效性,并通过单、双蓄电池组的对比,验证所提出控制策略的合理性与优越性。 相似文献
6.
本研究以全钒液流电池储能系统为研究对象,通过电力系统分析综合程序建立了包含能量限制模块的全钒液流电池储能系统模型。综合考虑了储能系统换流器的容量大小、荷电状态等因数,通过仿真分析对比两种控制策略以及模型在不同大小的储能电池中的适用性,验证了理论分析的准确性及模型的工程实用性。仿真结果表明,该模型既能通过限制无功功率传输保证传输的能量不超出换流器容量,又能根据实际有功功率大小调整无功功率上限,充分发挥储能系统的调节作用。 相似文献
7.
To solve the low power density issue of hybrid electric vehicular batteries, a combination of batteries and ultra- capacitors （UCs） could be a solution. The high power density feature of UCs can improve the performance of battery/UC hybrid energy storage systems （HESSs）. This paper presents a parallel hybrid electric vehicle （HEV） equipped with an internal combus- tion engine and an HESS. An advanced energy management strategy （EMS）, mainly based on fuzzy logic, is proposed to improve the fuel economy of the HEV and the endurance of the HESS. The EMS is capable of determining the ideal distribution of output power among the internal combustion engine, battery, and UC according to the propelling power or regenerative braking power of the vehicle. To validate the effectiveness of the EMS, numerical simulation and experimental validations are carried out. The results indicate that EMS can effectively control the power sources to work within their respective efficient areas. The battery load can be mitigated and prolonged battery life can be expected. The electrical energy consumption in the HESS is reduced by 3.91% compared with that in the battery only system. Fuel consumption of the HEV is reduced by 24.3% compared with that of the same class conventional vehicles under Economic Commission of Europe driving cycle. 相似文献
8.
Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are considered the next powerful potential generation energy storage system because of substantial potassium resource availability and similar characteristics with lithium. Unfortunately, the actual application of KIBs is inferior to that of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), in which the finite energy density, ordinary circular life, and underdeveloped fabrication technique dominate the key constraints. Various works have recently been directed to growing novel anode electrodes with superior electrochemical capability. Noticeably, metals/metal oxides materials (e.g., Sb, Sn, Zn, SnO2, and MoO2) have been widely investigated as KIBs anodes because of high theoretical capacity, suggesting outstanding promise for high-energy KIBs. In this review, the latest research of metals/metal oxides electrodes for potassium storage is summarized. The major strategies to control the electrochemical property of metals/metal oxides electrodes are discussed. Finally, the future investigation foreground for these anode electrodes has been proposed. 相似文献
9.
与常规能源电站不同,可再生能源电站的出力具有间歇性和波动性,其大规模并网将对电网产生一系列的负面影响。文章在现有研究成果的基础上,总结了主流电池技术的特性,以及电池储能系统BESS在可再生能源电站并网中的应用现状,并对其应用前景和进一步的研究工作进行了展望。研究表明：电池储能系统可显著改善可再生能源电力固有的间歇性,实现对可再生能源电力的有效调度,且能平滑可再生能源发电系统的功率波动,降低其对电能质量和电网稳定运行的不利影响。因此,BESS具有广阔的应用前景,应继续加强对降低电池成本以及大型电池储能系统的集成、运行技术等的相关研究。 相似文献
10.
作为镍氢电池负极活性物质,储氢合金是影响电极电化学性能的主要因素,对储氢合金进行表面处理可有效提高镍氢电池电极的电化学性能。实验采用电化学方法对储氢合金表面进行镍磷合金修饰处理,通过扫描电镜(SEM)及EDX能谱对电极表面进行了表征分析,测定了处理前后镍氢电池在1.5C和2C下的大电流放电性能,通过交流阻抗和循环伏安曲线对处理后电极进行了评价。测试结果表明,通过电化学修饰镍磷合金,储氢合金电极的大电流放电性能有所提高,电化学阻抗减小,循环寿命增长,有效提高了镍氢电池的性能。 相似文献
11.
目前较先进的电动车充电站大都采用变电流间歇充电法,该法可以实现蓄电池的快速充电,但无法避免极化现象的产生,并且只能对几种固定电压和容量的蓄电池进行充电.为此,介绍了一种新型电动车充电站智能充电器的设计.系统采用波浪式变电压变电流正负零脉冲充电法;主电路主要由半桥逆变电路、放电电路和辅助电源电路组成;控制系统采用了PIC单片机,借助SG3525和霍尔传感器来实现充电控制. 该系统不仅避免了极板极化现象的产生,而且能对不同电压和容量的电池进行充电选择,还可以显示实时电量,从而更好地保护了蓄电池,提高了电动车充电站的交互性与智能性. 相似文献
12.
锂离子电池其高能量、高电压、长寿命、无污染等优势成为人们的首选。硅太阳能电池可分为单晶硅电池、多晶硅电池、非晶硅电池。锂离子电池的充电过程可分为三个阶段即恒流模式、恒压模式及涓流模式。为此我们利用多晶硅电池,非晶硅电池作为主要的充电能源,对锂离子或者锂-聚合物可充电电池通过电池管理芯片,实现可移动太阳能锂离子电池充电。 相似文献
13.
A lithium-ion polymer battery cell is an ideal energy source for underwater vehicles due to its high energy density and small volume. However, the performance of lithium-ion batteries in a 10 000 m deep sea is still unknown and is of particular concern in the design of 10 000 m autonomous remote vehicles (ARVs). In this paper, we explore how the external characterizing parameters of a LiFePO 4 polymer battery during discharge are affected by a high pressure of 100 MPa and low temperature of 3 °C for simulating the conditions experienced in a 10 000 m deep sea environment. An unscented Kalman filter (UKF) algorithm is applied to estimate the state of charge (SoC) of a battery to investigate the influence of high hydrostatic pressure on SoC estimation due to changes in parameters. The results indicate that the LiFePO4 polymer battery works under 100 MPa hydrostatic pressure, but its parameters change obviously and influence SoC estimation. SoC estimation accuracy was improved through compensating the functions of open circuit voltage (OCV) versus the state of charge (OCV-SoC) of the battery in a 100 MPa hydrostatic pressure and a low temperature environment. 相似文献
14.
按照其能量转化形式,对各种电能存储技术做了分类;着重从经济性、技术性、安全可靠性等方面分析了各种电能储存技术的特点和实际应用中需要解决的问题;指出运用电能储存技术同时也是节约能源、保护环境的一项重要措施。 相似文献
15.
机械载荷对车用动力电池的安全性具有重要影响,其中挤压变形是导致电池短路失效的重要因素之一。锂离子电池在使用中可能会受到外部冲击,从而破坏电池内部结构,导致电池无法正常工作。以方形锂电池为例,研究其在受到压痕作用时的力学特性,通过有限元建模,仿真分析了压痕在不同位置、不同加载速率和不同压头半径下的电池受力情况。结果表明,在高速率、大半径、中心位置的球形压头加载情况下,电池会承受较大压力,压痕区域内不同位置的承受力也不均匀,压痕区域中间位置受力最大,而在电池边缘部分,电池基本上不受力,近乎为零。这为初步判断电池的短路位置和易破坏区域提供了有效参考,也为锂电池设计提供了一定理论依据。 相似文献
16.
All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) have advantages of safety and high energy density, and they are expected to become the next generation of energy storage devices. Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with high ionic conductivity and low grain boundary resistance exhibit remarkable practical application. However, the space charge layer (SCL) effect and high interfacial resistance caused by a mismatch with the current commercial oxide cathodes restrict the development of sulfide SSEs and ASSLBs. This review summarizes the research progress on the SCL effect of sulfide SSEs and oxide cathodes, including the mechanism and direct evidence from high performance in-situ characterizations, as well as recent progress on the interfacial modification strategies to alleviate the SCL effect. This study provides future direction to stabilize the high performance sulfide-based solid electrolyte/oxide cathode interface for state-of-the-art ASSLBs and future all-SSE storage devices. 相似文献
17.
基于电动汽车仿真软件ADVISOR,开发了双电机分散驱动轮式电动汽车ELVEC.ELVEC由车身、电动机、能量管理和能量存储(电池组)等模块组成.进行了ELVEC电动汽车的加速性能、爬坡能力、行驶车速和燃料经济性的分析.结果表明,该车具有良好的动力学性能和燃料经济性,适合在低速、频繁启动的市区内行驶.同时,对电动机特性和能量存储(电池组)及能量管理特性进行了仿真分析,得出ELVEC电动汽车的电动机、电池和驱动系统等均具有较高的效率,能源管理系统和模糊逻辑控制在能量的分配、管理上十分有效. 相似文献
18.
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are generally considered to be crystalline materials comprising metal centers and organic ligands, have attracted growing attention because of their controllable structures and high porosity. MOFs based on transition metals (Fe, Co, Ni) are highly efficient electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage. In this review, the characteristics of Fe-MOFs, Co-MOFs, Ni-MOFs, and their derivatives are summarized, and the relationships between the structures and performance are unveiled in depth. Additionally, their applications in lithium–ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, and supercapacitors are discussed. This review sheds light on the development of MOFs and their derivatives to realize excellent electrochemical performance. 相似文献
19.
锂离子二次电池技术近年来发展迅速。动力型锂离子二次电池是电动汽车、电动工具的电力来源，市场前景广阔。本文分析了在目前的电源技术水平下，锂离子二次电池在动力型应用上的优势和缺点，探讨了纯锂离子电池电动汽车所面临的问题以及可能的发展方向，指出在现有技术条件下，混合动力汽车是比较务实的选择。 相似文献
20.
介绍了一种基于DS2438智能充电器的设计方案,该智能充电器能对各类蓄电池进行充电,并对充电电池具有自动检测能力.监测芯片将电池的电压、电流、温度等参数通过单总线的方式送到单片机,由单片机AT89S52进行控制,保证蓄电池不过充,以合理的充电方式进行充电,使其蓄电池延长使用寿命. 相似文献
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