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1.
随班就读聋童的家庭教育个案研究报告 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
运用个案研究法,通过对访谈、观察资料进行分析来探讨成功随班就读聋童家庭教育的经验,为特殊教育工作者和家长提供适当的建议。研究内容包括随班就读聋童家庭教育的条件、家长的教育能力、家庭教育的内容以及家庭教育的方式和效果。提出如下建议营造和谐的家庭氛围,建立良好的亲子关系;重视自我教育,提高自身素质;关注聋童青春期发展,尤其是自我意识发展。 相似文献
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Two experiments explored the taxonomic organization of mental lexicons in deaf and hearing college students. Experiment 1 used a single-word association task to examine relations between categories and their members. Results indicated that both groups' lexical knowledge is similar in terms of overall organization, with associations between category names and exemplars stronger for hearing students; only the deaf students showed asymmetrical exemplar-category relations. Experiment 2 used verbal analogies to explore the application of taxonomic knowledge in an academically relevant task. Significant differences between deaf and hearing students were obtained for six types of analogies, although deaf students who were better readers displayed response patterns more like hearing students'. Hearing students' responses reflected their lexical organization; deaf students' did not. These findings implicate the interaction of word knowledge, world knowledge, and literacy skills, emphasizing the need to adapt instructional methods to student knowledge in educational contexts. 相似文献
3.
Hintermair M 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2006,11(4):493-513
In recent years, empowerment and resource orientation have become vital guidelines for many of the sciences. For the field of deaf education, it is also highly important to look carefully at these guidelines if we are to acquire a better understanding as regards both the situation of the parents involved and the development of the deaf and hard of hearing children themselves. A resource-oriented approach to deaf education has therefore proved especially helpful. If both the theoretical and practical aspects of educating deaf and hard of hearing children are to benefit, research on parental experience with deafness and research on the socioemotional development of the children must always be combined and studied in the context of resource availability. In a study of 213 mothers and 213 fathers of deaf and hard of hearing children, we used an array of different questionnaires (PSI, SDQ, SOC, F-SozU, etc.) to examine the correlation between parental resources, sociodemographic variables, parental stress experience, and child socioemotional problems by way of a path analysis model. The results show that high parental stress is associated with frequent socioemotional problems in the children, thus emphasizing the importance of a resource-oriented consulting and support strategy in early intervention, because parental access to personal and social resources is associated with significantly lower stress experience. Child development seems to profit enormously from a resource-oriented support concept. In addition, the results confirm two earlier findings: parents with additionally handicapped children are especially stressed and the child's communicative competence makes for a more sound prediction than its linguistic medium (spoken language or sign). The path models for mothers and fathers agree in all essential factors. The results are discussed with a view to their meaning for pedagogical practice, and recommendations for further research are given (longitudinal data, more representative samples, cochlear implant). 相似文献
4.
S Powers 《American annals of the deaf》1999,144(3):261-269
The author reports findings of an investigation into educational outcomes of 16-year-old deaf students in mainstream programs in England in 1995 and 1996. Data on examination results, communication competence, and social acceptance were collected by questionnaire and analyzed against several background factors. All the background factors investigated contributed an effect of about 20% on examination results, emphasizing the need to investigate the effect of other factors. Relatively strong predictors of examination success were family socioeconomic status, presence of any additional learning difficulty, whether English was used as a main language in the home, age at onset of deafness, and parents' hearing status. Degree of hearing loss did not appear to have an important effect on examination success but was linked to other outcomes. The discussion considers how different codings of examination success can affect the results obtained from statistical analysis. Findings on the ethnic status of deaf students are also noted. 相似文献
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为了全面认识笔谈在聋人交际中的作用,并为在聋生中加强笔谈教学提供理论上的依据,本研究对上海市两所聋校70名学生的笔谈使用情况进行了问卷调查。结果表明:笔谈能切实提高聋人与健听人的交际效果,对聋生形成积极的交际态度,帮助他们回归主流社会有着重要的意义:听力损失程度与笔谈使用频率有着极其显著的正相关;语文成绩与笔谈水平存在着极其显著的正相关。建议对聋生进行切实有效的笔谈教学。 相似文献
8.
为了促进聋人大学生书面语的发展,研究采用课堂实践的方法,对聋人大学生进行手语故事转写的训练。结果发现手语故事能够有效地提高聋人大学生的手语能力,有效地提高聋人的书面语言的能力。手语故事的转写是训练聋人大学生书面语的一种快乐的和有效的方法。 相似文献
9.
Theory of Mind: Deaf and Hearing Children's Comprehension of Picture Stories and Judgments of Social Situations 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
We compared 20 prelingually profoundly deaf adolescents (age: 11-16 years) and 20 matched, hearing adolescents on a picture-sequencing task and on a social judgment test. In addition, we also tested 14 younger deaf children (age: 6-10 years) and compared their data with those from 20 hearing peers as well as those from the older deaf participants on the picture-sequencing task. The results from this study did not provide evidence for the hypothesis that deaf adolescents possess significantly poorer knowledge about social reasoning than age-matched hearing peers, but it did present further additional support for Peterson and Siegal's (1995) conversational hypothesis: a proposal that a deprivation in conversations about mental states leads to an impairment in the development of an awareness of mental states in the younger deaf children. 相似文献
10.
Reitsma P 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2009,14(2):178-189
There is a surprising lack of systematic research evaluating the effects of reading exercises for young deaf children. Therefore, for this article, two computer-based exercises were developed and learning effects were determined by posttests. One (spelling oriented) exercise was to select the correct word among three orthographically similar alternatives that corresponds to a drawing or a sign (digital video). The other (meaning oriented) exercise was to select the correct sign or picture among three alternatives that corresponds to a written word. Eleven deaf Dutch children with a mean age of 7 years 10 months participated in the study. A first question was whether in single-word exercises the meaning or the spelling of a word should be emphasized. A second question was whether there was any effect of using drawings or signs to refer to the meaning of the word. The results reveal that emphasizing the word spelling is most effective for learning to read for deaf children and the findings also suggest that drawings are more efficient in the current exercises. 相似文献
11.
The purpose of this article is to analyze the results of a study of the development of analogical reasoning in deaf children coming from two different linguistic environments (deaf children of deaf parents--sign language, deaf children of hearing parents--spoken language) and in hearing children, as well as to compare two groups of deaf children to a group of hearing children. In order to estimate the development of children's analogical reasoning, especially the development of their understanding of different logical relations, two age groups were singled out in each population of children: younger (9- and 10-year-olds) and older (12- and 13-year-olds). In this way it is possible to assess the influence of early and consistent sign-language communication on the development of the conceptual system in deaf children and to establish whether early and consistent sign-language communication with deaf children affects their mental development to the same extent as early and consistent spoken-language communication with hearing children. The children were given three series of analogy tasks based on different logical relations: (a) a series of verbal analogy tasks (the relations of opposite, part-whole, and causality); (b) a series of numerical analogy tasks (the relations of class membership, opposite, and part-whole); and (c) a series of figural-geometric analogy tasks (the relations of opposite and part-whole). It was found that early and consistent sign-language communication with deaf children plays an almost equivalent role in the development of verbal, numerical, and spatial reasoning by analogy as early and consistent spoken-language communication with hearing children. 相似文献
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In this article, the authors examine deaf education as a “curious case” to prompt thinking about issues of language inequities. The authors argue that tying the fortunes of deaf students to those of other language minority students provides opportunities for new insights into policies and practices of deaf education as well the education of other language minorities in American schools. The authors provide a case example of successful deaf bilingual education that challenges the equation of deaf communicative difference with academic failure. They conclude with a discussion of American bilingual education history and how a consideration of the “curious case” of deaf education opens up possibilities for expanding understandings of more general issues of language difference in education. 相似文献
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Mason TC 《American annals of the deaf》2005,150(1):67-72
This article has four major sections: (a) general issues of assessment; (b) assessment of ethnic-group members, including those who are deaf; (c) translation of assessment tools, emphasizing translation into American Sign Language (ASL); and (d) statistical applications for translated instruments. The purpose of the article is to provide insight into and guidelines for translating instruments into another language and using the results for practice or research purposes. The use of translated instruments with deaf individuals is highlighted. A protocol for translating a scale into ASL is offered. Statistical applications for examining internal consistency and component structure are discussed. Finally, implications for practice and research are addressed. 相似文献
14.
聋生使用笔谈的调查研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
为了全面认识笔谈在聋人交际中的作用 ,并为在聋生中加强笔谈教学提供理论上的依据 ,本研究对上海市两所聋校 70名学生的笔谈使用情况进行了问卷调查。结果表明 :笔谈能切实提高聋人与健听人的交际效果 ,对聋生形成积极的交际态度、帮助他们回归主流社会有着重要的意义 ;听力损失程度与笔谈使用频率有着极其显著的正相关 ;语文成绩与笔谈水平存在着极其显著的正相关。建议对聋生进行切实有效的笔谈教学。 相似文献
15.
Deaf children's use of beliefs and desires in negotiation 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Although several studies have shown that deaf children demonstrated impaired performances on false-belief tasks, the children's belief understanding appeared intact when asked to explain emotions or behavior. However, this finding does not necessarily indicate a full-fledged theory of mind. This study aimed to investigate deaf children's negotiation strategies in false-belief situations, because situations that require negotiation provide a natural context with a clear motivational aspect, which might appeal more strongly to deaf children's false-belief reasoning capacities. The purpose of this study was to compare the reactions of 11- to 12-year-old deaf and hearing children to scenarios in which a mother, who is unaware of a change in the situation, threatens to block the fulfillment of the child's desire. The results showed that deaf children more often failed to correct the mother's false beliefs. In contrast with hearing children, who frequently left their own desires implicit, deaf children kept stressing their desires as a primary argument, even though the mother could be expected to be fully aware of these desires. Moral claims were used to the same extent by both groups. In general, deaf children more often used arguments that did not provide new information for their conversation partners, including repetitions of the same argument. The results were interpreted in terms of the special needs that are required by the hampered communication between deaf and hearing people as well as in terms of the ongoing discussion regarding theory-of-mind development in deaf children. 相似文献
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在教育学领域,越来越多的学者们意识到,培养学生独立的社会活动能力,发展学生独特的个性在当代的教育价值取向上占有越来越重的分量,尤其是对于残疾人这样一个特殊的群体,更容易因为自身身体上的缺陷而埋没了自己独特的潜力。如何通过有效的教育方式,为残疾人挖掘出更大、更多元化的发展可能,是值得关注的一个问题。文章将个别化教学与聋人高等教育相结合,提出了在聋人高等教育的背景下个别化教学的内涵,并分析了个别化教学在聋人高等教育中被实际应用的必要性,以及在对聋人进行个别化教学中应该注意的关键因素及恰当有效的应用模式。 相似文献
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聋教育史实质上是聋校教学语言的发展史。聋教育创始之时至今已经历了几次语言方法的演变,从最初的手语、口语到综合交际法,以及双语双文化法,贯穿始终的还是手语和口语之间的争辩。在这个争辩的历史进程中,米兰会议起到了举足轻重的作用,它所提出的纯口语法的决议一度影响了聋教育的发展方向,影响了人们对聋教育方法的选择。然而国内至今没有米兰会议较为全面、客观的阐述,本文从会议缘起、决议、影响等方面回顾这一历史事实,使读者更好地了解聋教育史上这一重要的历史事件,为现行聋教育方法的选择提供历史的视角。 相似文献
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Noel Patrick O’Connell 《History of education》2016,45(2):188-205
This paper discusses the contributions of the Dominican Sisters and Sisters of Mercy in running schools for female deaf children in Ireland during the period 1846 to 1946. The schools were established as part of an attempt to educate Catholics in the Catholic faith and provide literacy to female deaf children. In assuming the challenge of educating deaf girls, the sisters adopted a method of teaching and learning through signed language of which they had little prior knowledge. While the history of the schools is contextualised as a central narrative of this paper, the religious orders’ attempt to educate deaf children effectively is examined in the context of teacher role models and sign language pedagogy. This paper argues that the work of the Mercy and Dominican sisters should be recognised for its contribution to the education of female deaf children, whose needs would otherwise have been neglected. 相似文献
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In order to become expert readers of an alphabetical language like French, students must develop and adequately use phonological knowledge. Considering that the phonological knowledge used in reading largely comes from knowledge of the oral language, what happens when the oral language is not accessible, as is the case for many deaf children? In this study, graphophonemic and syllabic processes in pseudoword reading were assessed with a similarity judgment task. Gestual deaf subjects aged 10–18 years old (N = 24) were compared to 24 age-matched hearing subjects. The results show that deaf readers are less sensitive to the graphemic and the syllabic structures of pseudo-words than hearing readers. In deaf subjects, the results are different than chance-level in the 13–15 and the 16–18-year-old groups. These results indicate that gestual deaf readers can develop phonological knowledge even in settings where sign language is promoted. 相似文献
20.
Kvam MH 《Child abuse & neglect》2004,28(3):241-251
OBJECTIVE: North American studies conclude that deaf children may have a 2-3 times greater risk of sexual abuse than hearing children. No comparative studies are available in the Nordic countries. The present study was initiated to estimate the prevalence of childhood sexual abuse among deaf children in Norway, describe the nature of the abuse, and to examine risk factors. METHOD: A self-administered questionnaire was sent in 1999 to all 1150 adult deaf members of the Norwegian Deaf Register. The Deaf Register includes all deaf Norwegians. The questionnaire, which was also available videotaped in sign language, was an adapted version of a questionnaire used in a Norwegian survey among the general adult population in 1993. The results from this earlier study were used as a comparison group. RESULTS: Deaf females aged 18-65 who lost their hearing before the age of 9 (N = 177) reported sexual abuse with contact before the age of 18 years more than twice as often as hearing females, and deaf males more than three times as often as hearing males. The abuse of the deaf children was also more serious. Very few cases were reported to parents, teachers, or authorities. CONCLUSIONS: Deaf children are at greater risk of sexual abuse than hearing children. The special schools for the deaf represent an extra risk of abuse, regardless of whether the deaf pupils live at home or in boarding schools. 相似文献