共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 547 毫秒
1.
ZHANG Juan CHEN Xue-ming YAO Pei-dong CHEN Guo-hua 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(9):1457-1461
Boron-doped diamond （BDD） film electrodes using Ta as substrates were employed for anodic oxidation of salicylic acid （SA）. The effects of operational variables including initial concentration, current density, temperature and pH were examined. The results showed that BDD films deposited on the Ta substrates had high electrocatalytic activity for SA degradation. There was little effect ofpH on SA degradation. The current efficiency （CE） ,aas fbund to be dependent mainly on the initial SA concentration, current density and temperature. Chemical oxygen demand （COD） was reduced from 830 mg/L to 42 mg/L under a current density of200A/m^2 at 30℃. 相似文献
2.
采用二氧化钛光催化结合掺硼金刚石电催化来提高污染物氧化效率.以苯酚作为模型废水污染物,分别比较了采用BDD电催化和TiO2光催化以及两者结合方法的降解过程,研究了电流密度和初始浓度等条件对降解效果的影响,并进行了反应动力学讨论.实验结果表明：与单独处理相比, BDD和TiO2组合处理方法拥有较优的苯酚去除效果,尤其是先电解后光催化的方式,其最优工作电流密度为25.48mA/cm2,并且随着苯酚初始浓度增加,去除率随之下降.动力学研究表明反应符合准一级动力学方程. 相似文献
3.
DEHGHANI Mohammad Hadi MAHVI Amir Hossein NAJAFPOOR Ali Asghar AZAM Kamal 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(9):1462-1468
The effectiveness of using acoustical (sonochemical) reactor for degradation of linear alkylbenzen sulfonate (LAS) from aqueous solution was investigated. LASs are anionic surfactants,found in relatively high amounts in domestic and industrial wastewaters. In this study,experiments on LAS solution were performed using methylene blue active substances (MBAS) method. The effectiveness of acoustical processor reactor for LAS degradation is evaluated with emphasis on the effect of treatment time and initial LAS concentration. Experiments were performed at initial concentrations of 0.2,0.5,0.8 and 1.0 mg/L,acoustic fre-quency of 130 kHz,applied power of 500 W and temperature of 18 °C～20 °C. At the conditions involved,LAS degradation was found to increase with increasing sonochemical time. In addition,as the concentration increased,the LAS degradation rate de-creased in the acoustical processor reactor. 相似文献
4.
利用柚子皮纤维素制备新型黄原酸酯(SCX),对废水中Cd2 进行吸附研究。通过对影响其吸附效果的SCX用量、Cd2 初始浓度、pH值、反应温度、吸附时间等因素进行吸附实验。结果表明:当废水中Cd2 初始浓度为15mg/L时,0.022gSCX对Cd2 去除率高达99.36%,其吸附容量达33.87mg/g,具有良好的吸附性。SCX对Cd2 的吸附符合Langmiur和Freundlich方程。 相似文献
5.
张志刚 《福建工程学院学报》2014,(6):557-561
采用柚子皮制备生物吸附剂用于去除水中的Cr(VI),考察了p H值、柚子皮投加量、柚子皮粒径、溶液离子强度、反应温度等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,当溶液中Cr(VI)离子初始浓度15mg/L、p H 1.5、反应温度25℃、柚子皮投加量1.0g/100 m L、吸附时间7 h时,Cr(VI)离子去除率可达90%以上。柚子皮对Cr(VI)离子的吸附过程可以用Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温模型来描述,吸附等温线线性相关性均较显著,吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程。柚子皮对水中Cr(VI)离子吸附性能较好,且运行成本低,可推广应用于水中重金属离子的治理。 相似文献
6.
徐敏 《廊坊师范学院学报(自然科学版)》2012,12(3):56-58
超声波可以降解弱酸废水,特别是在工业处理废水方面运用效果显著,通过实验可以看出,温度、初始浓度、pH等对象对弱酸影响很大。当温度为摄氏30度,初始浓度为135.15mg/L,且pH值为3,4小时的超声波辐射,对石炭酸废水处理效果最好,结果为5.64%。当加入适当的H2O2时,可以使降解提高到61.60%,可见曝气可以加速石炭酸的降解。 相似文献
7.
以木麻黄叶状枝粉末作为生物吸附剂,研究其对重金属离子Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附性能和吸附规律,并探讨了溶液酸度、振荡时间、溶液初始浓度、吸附剂用量等因素的影响.结果表明,在吸附剂用量为0.3g、pH值为1、Cr（Ⅵ）初始浓度小于100mg/L、吸附时间为90min的条件下,相应的吸附容量和吸附率可达3.98mg/g和99.9%,残余的Cr（Ⅵ）浓度小于0.5mg/L,达国家工业废水排放标准GB18918-2002;正交实验结果表明,影响木麻黄吸附剂对Cr（Ⅵ）吸附效果的主次因素顺序为pH值〉吸附振荡时间〉吸附剂用量〉吸附液浓度. 相似文献
8.
从太湖中成功筛选出一株能够同时降解微囊藻毒素-RR(MC-RR)和微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)的土著细菌MC-LTH11.经鉴定,该菌属寡养单胞菌属,并含有mlrA基因.在含有藻毒素粗提物的培养基中,MCLTH11能够在6 d内将初浓度分别为37.13 mg/L的MC-RR和18.49 mg/L的MC-LR完全降解,并且降解速度受到pH值、温度、初始微囊藻毒素浓度和培养基种类的影响.此外,MC-LTH11能够在1 d内完全降解太湖水样中的微囊藻毒素.研究结果表明,寡养单胞菌MC-LTH11具备对微囊藻毒素污染水体的修复能力,并可能是太湖水华爆发后微囊藻毒素降解的重要因素. 相似文献
9.
研究了在可见光条件下,用实验室合成的Fe3＋掺杂TiO2为催化剂催化降解酸性红染料,重点考察了Fe3＋的掺杂量、Fe3＋掺杂TiO2为催化剂的添加量、酸性红溶液的初始浓度、溶液pH值、光照时间对降解率的影响.实验结果表明,Fe3＋掺杂比为1.5%、催化剂用量为1.5 g/L、pH为2.0、质量浓度为40 mg/L的酸性红100 mL,用白炽灯光照降解酸性红30 min,酸性红降解率可达98.45%. 相似文献
10.
用电子束辐射降解水中的2, 4-二氯苯酚(2, 4-DCP)和五氯苯酚(PCP), 研究辐照剂量对溶液初始质量浓度各为50 mg/L的2种氯代苯酚辐射降解和去除有机氯的影响. 同时研究了溶液不同的初始质量浓度、pH值和去氧状态等条件对辐射降解的影响. HPLC的测试结果表明: 随着辐照剂量的增加,氯代苯酚的降解率增加, 溶液中的氯离子增加, 但辐照后溶液中仍有2, 4-DCP和PCP的残余物. 试验结果表明: 有机氯辐射降解的速度要比无机氯生成的速度快得多; 溶液的去氧也能加快氯代苯酚的降解; 在酸性到中性条件下比碱性条件下更利于有机氯裂解. 相似文献
11.
A novel in-situ electrochemical oxidation method was applied to the degradation of wastewater containing chlorophenol. Under oxygen sparging, the strong oxidant, hydrogen dioxide, could be in-situ generated through the reduction of oxygen on the surface of the cathode. The removal rate ofchlorophenol could be increased 149% when oxygen was induced in the electrochemical cell. The promotion factor was estimated to be about 82.63% according to the pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant (min-1). Important operating parameters such as current density, sparged oxygen rate were investigated.Higher sparged oxygen rate could improve the degradation of chlorophenol. To make full use of oxygen, however, sparged oxygen rate of 0.05 m3/h was adopted in this work. Oxidation-reduction potential could remarkably affect the generation of hydrogen peroxide. It was found that the removal rate of chlorophenol was not in direct proportion to the applied current density. The optimum current density was 3.5 mA/cm2 when initial chlorophenol concentration was 100 mg/L and sparged oxygen rate was 0.05 m3/h. 相似文献
12.
孟召辉 《南阳师范学院学报》2003,2(6):47-50
在pHl0的NH3-NH4C1缓冲溶液中，Cu(Ⅱ)-头孢唑啉钠络合物在单扫描示波极谱仪上产生一灵敏的还原峰，其一次导数峰电位为-0．30V(vs．SCE)，峰电流与铜浓度在0．005—0．3mg／L范围内呈线性关系，检出限为0．0025mg／L。将该波用于人发及硫酸镍中铜含量的测定，并就极谱波的性质进行了探讨。 相似文献
13.
INTRODUCTION Nitrate contamination in groundwater and sur-face water has become an increasingly serious envi-ronmental problem. Anthropogenic sources such asnitrogen fertilizers, animal wastes, and septic systemsaccount for most nitrate contamination of ground-water. Nitrate itself is relatively non-toxic. However,it can be microbially reduced to nitrite, which posesseveral health threats to humans including methemo-glo-binemia, liver damage and cancers. Nitrate out-flow onto shallow cont… 相似文献
14.
磁流体对工业废水中Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用共沉淀法制备了粒径为10nm的Fe3O4磁性微粒,分散于水中生成饱和磁化强度35mT的水基磁流体,用此磁流体对模拟与实际废水中Cr（Ⅵ）进行了吸附研究。结果表明,吸附的最佳实验条件为pH=3,温度为45℃,吸附时间为0．5h。用Langmuir等温模型和假二级动力学模型探讨了磁流体对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附机理,该过程为单离子层吸附。在最佳实验条件下,磁流体对实际制革废水中Cr（Ⅵ）的饱和吸附量达66．5mg／g,废水中残N／Cr（Ⅵ）浓度为0．2mg／L,低于工业废水排放的国家标准（0．5mg／L）。 相似文献
15.
Some laboratory diffusion tests were conducted with diffusion device to determine the diffusion coefficient of Cr(Ⅵ) ion passing through Dalian red clay samples. The concentrations of Cr(Ⅵ) at different places of the samples were then measured spectrophotometrically after a standing time of 1 000 d. A one-dimensional solute transport equation was used to simulate the transport of Cr(Ⅵ) through clay samples. Back-calculation of diffusion coefficient of Cr(Ⅵ) was made with finite difference method. Parametric... 相似文献
16.
提出一种与Powell算法相结合的新型改进微粒群算法——Powell-PSO.改进算法将粒子的搜索过程分为两阶段,第一阶段,将标准微粒群算法的速度公式加以改进进行搜索;第二阶段,将第一阶段的最后一代粒子作为Powell算法的初始点,让Powell算法与PSO算法交替进行.这样既克服了微粒群算法陷入局优的缺点,也大大提高了算法的求解精度,同时提高了收敛速度并保持了微粒的多样性.仿真结果表明：与标准微粒群算法相比,Powell-PSO具有较高求解精度和较强寻优能力,并且不论是对单峰还是多峰函数都能取得较好的优化效果. 相似文献
17.
WEI Pei-lian XU Zhi-nan CEN Pei-lin 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(9):1521-1526
Lovastatin production by Aspergillus terreus ATCC 20542 in solid-state fermentation (SSF) was studied. Various substrates were used to evaluate the ability of A. terreus to produce lovastatin. The results showed that either rice or wheat bran was suitable substrate for lovastatin production in SSF. The maximum yield of lovastatin (2.9 mg/g dry substrate) using rice as substrate was achieved after incubating for 11 d at the following optimized process parameters: 50%～60% initial moisture content,pH 5.5,incubation temperature 28 °C. 相似文献
18.
温度对TiO2-膨润土紫外光降解十二烷基苯磺酸钠的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
投加0.5‰的TiO2-膨润土光催化剂于浓度为20 mg/L的十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)溶液中,在紫外光照射下,在温度分别为10、20、30℃下,反应2 h后的溶液中的SDBS分别降解了86.0%,89.5%和90.5%,反应6 h后降解率分别达98.0%,98.8%和99.3%,可见温度对TiO2-膨润土复合光催化剂降解水溶液中的SDBS的影响不明显。溶液的COD值受温度影响较大,温度越高,COD值降低越多,在10、20、30℃条件下,反应6 h后溶液的COD值分别降低50.6%,58.1%和97.0%。TiO2-膨润土光催化剂降解水溶液中SDBS的反应为一级反应,符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood方程。同样条件下,环境温度由10℃增加到30℃时光催化反应速率常数由0.0105增大到0.0137,增加了30%。 相似文献
19.
以玉米种子为试验材料,采用砂培法研究了水杨酸(SA)对铅(Pb2+)胁迫下玉米种子的萌发、叶绿素含量、MDA含量、POD活性、等方面的影响。结果表明:低浓度的SA≤80mg/L时,能促进铅胁迫下玉米幼苗的生长,表现为玉米种子的发芽率增大,幼苗根长的增加,叶绿素含量增大,MDA的含量降低,POD活性升高,等。当SA浓度为60mg/L～80mg/L,Pb2+≤1mg/L时,SA对Pb2+的解毒效应最明显,当SA浓度为100mg/L,Pb2+为8mg/L时,SA与Pb2+协同迫害幼苗的生长。 相似文献
20.
利用低温炭化法来制备柚子皮活性炭吸附剂。探讨了吸附剂用量、温度、pH值、Cr（Ⅵ）初始浓度、吸附时间等对吸附效果的影响。柚子皮吸附剂吸附处理Cr（Ⅵ）的最佳工艺条件是：吸附剂用量10g/L,温度40℃,pH=4,吸附时间10h,Cr（Ⅵ）初始浓度为100mg/L时,Cr（Ⅵ）的去除率能达到98%以上。柚子皮吸附剂对Cr（Ⅵ）具有良好的吸附能力,吸附过程符合二级吸附动力学模型并且可用Langmuir吸附等温线来描述。 相似文献