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1.
童年期同伴关系与后期适应的研究述评 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
笔者介绍了童年期同伴关系对后期适应(学校适应和心理适应)影响的有关研究成果。许多纵向研究发现，童年期同伴交往经验可以预测以后的成就动机、学习声望以及留级、逃学和辍学等学业困难；并且可以预测外化和内化的行为问题，分别表现为攻击、活动过度和反社会行为以及孤独、抑郁和消极的自我评价等。此外，文章探讨了该领域中有待进一步研究和澄清的问题。 相似文献
2.
中小学生的学校适应及教师的指导 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
方怀胜 《北京教育学院学报》2003,17(3):46-49
学生的学校适应状况可以视为学生心理健康水平的重要指标。教师对学生学校适应的影响主要体现在三方面:良好的师生关系是学生积极情绪状态的基础,民主的教育方式是学生良好自我感受的源泉,有针对性的个别教育可以矫正学生的适应不良。对学业适应不良的指导重在通过学习指导,提高学生的自尊与自信;对同伴关系适应不良的指导重在建立良好的班集体气氛,提高学生的社会技能;而建立安全的校园环境则可以减少欺侮行为。 相似文献
3.
课堂环境是近几十年的研究热点,课堂环境对学生学校适应的影响也逐步走入研究者的视野。近几年对于课堂环境对于学生学校适应的影响方面主要集中在课堂环境对于学生的同伴关系适应、学习适应、行为适应等方面。在今后的研究中,研究人员应在学校适应的研究维度、课堂环境的分析层面、研究的深度、研究对象的范围等方面多加注意。 相似文献
4.
王光妍 《牡丹江教育学院学报》2010,(6):100-101
同伴关系在儿童青少年适应学校生活的过程中起着重要的作用。本文介绍了社会适应与同伴关系的相关研究,并从社会适应的三个指标——学业成绩、社会行为、人格发展出发来进行论述。 相似文献
5.
同伴关系在儿童青少年的发展和社会适应中起着重要作用。它包含了同伴接纳和友谊这两个重要的层面。智力落后儿童的同伴关系的发展是智力落后儿童适应行为发展的—个重要方面。而适应行为的理论研究和智力落后儿童适应行为的培养是智力落后研究和教育实践中最重要的部分，因此对于智力落后儿童的同伴关系的研究具有积极的理论和实践意义。 相似文献
6.
李月华 《中小学心理健康教育》2021,(3)
同伴关系在中小学生的发展过程中起着重要的作用,而同伴关系的好坏对中小学生的心理健康、学校适应及成年后的社会适应等有着重要而深远的影响。综合历年来中小学同伴关系研究,从不同的角度探讨了中小学生同伴关系的影响因素及相应的解决方案,为改善中小学生同伴关系提供参考。 相似文献
7.
刘慧 《中小学心理健康教育》2005,(9):20-25
[编者按]同伴关系在中小学生的发展和社会适应中起着重要作用,促进中小学生与同伴进行正常的人际交往,提高其人际适应能力是学校心理健康教育的一个重要目标.不良的同伴关系可能导致自卑感、孤独感、学校适应困难等问题,甚至会对学生以后的社会适应造成消极影响. 相似文献
8.
为了更好地了解ADHD儿童的师生关系、情绪行为问题和同伴接纳的关系,探究同伴接纳在师生关系和情绪行为问题中的中介作用。研究采用师生关系问卷、同伴提名法和长处与困难问卷对130名3—5年级ADHD儿童进行问卷调查。研究发现:ADHD儿童的情绪行为问题、同伴接纳、师生关系两两之间存在显著相关;同伴接纳在师生关系和情绪行为问题之间起部分中介作用。 相似文献
9.
蓝华明 《福建教育学院学报》2015,16(4)
以在校大学生为研究对象,探究其情绪智力与学校社会行为水平之间的关系.利用《情绪智力问卷》与《学校社会行为量表》对220名大学生的情绪智力与学校社会行为水平进行调查,了解性别与年级对两者的影响及其关系.调查结果显示,性别与年级对情绪智力与学校社会行为水平产生显著性影响,情绪智力对学校社会行为水平具有显著性预测作用. 相似文献
10.
利用张文新修订的Olweus欺负问卷、陈欣银等人修订的儿童社会行为量表、社会提名法等对827名中小学生进行测查,考察中小学生受欺负的状况,及与其行为表现、同伴关系之间关系.结果发现:(1)总体而言,中小学生受欺负的发生率比较高,且相当稳定;(2)中小学生受欺负与同伴接纳显著负相关,与同伴拒绝显著正相关,即儿童受欺负频次越高,其同伴接纳越少,同伴拒绝越多;(3)在中小学中,儿童的社会行为在儿童受欺负对同伴关系的影响中起部分中介作用.受欺负频次通过社会行为中的攻击行为和羞怯-退缩行为间接地影响同伴关系. 相似文献
11.
ABSTRACTEven very young children think about their own and others’ behavior, including emotions. Such cognitions and emotions about the self and others convey information that is crucial to social interactions and relationships. The current study based on an integrated model of emotion processes and cognition in social information processing (SIP) aimed to explore students’ emotional and behavioral responses in SIP choices, and their association with teacher-reported early school adjustment. Two-hundred and thirty pre-school and first-grade primary school students were interviewed using the Challenging Situations Task (CST). CST assessed students’ emotional and behavioral responses to 12 unambiguous hypothetical peer provocation situations. Children’s preschool and first-grade primary teachers rated children’s early school adjustment with the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation (SCBE-30) measure. The results revealed that children chose mainly sad and angry emotions and socially competent and passive behaviors. We found a relationship both between sad emotions and socially competent behavior choices, and between angry emotion and aggressive behavior choices. Sad emotions and aggressive behavior choices were the main predictors of school adjustment. Children’s responses to peer provocation situations varied depending on how the children interpreted the situations. The results address the importance of children’s SIP and school adjustment. 相似文献
12.
This study uses the minority stress model to examine the relationship between sexual and gender diverse youth's (SGDY's) emotional and peer problem outcomes with their school setting (i.e., attending school in an urban or nonurban setting) and consent type (i.e., parental/guardian or waived consent). The study also explores how social support can alter these relationships as a protective factor. The instruments used to collect data were self-report and included the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results indicated that more youth in nonurban settings experienced emotional and peer problems compared to those in urban settings, and youth who opted for waived consent endorsed fewer emotional and peer problems compared to youth who opted for parental/guardian consent. When controlling for social support, the consent procedure and school setting variables lost significance. Implications for school psychologists are reviewed. 相似文献
13.
Tedra Walden Elizabeth Lemerise Maureen C . Smith 《Early education and development》1999,10(3):351-371
The development of friendships and peer acceptance and their relation to children's emotional regulation and social-emotional behavior with others among a group of 3-5-year-old children was examined. Peer relationships and social-emotional skills were assessed early in the preschool year and peer relationships were assessed again late in the year. Preschool friendships were prevalent, moderately consistent across situations, and moderately stable over the course of the school year; peer acceptance also was moderately stable. Popularity of preschool children was related to their social behavior with peers both early and late in the school year but acceptance by the group was unrelated to children's emotion regulation. Number of mutual friendship choices was related to children's emotional regulation but not to social behaviors with peers late in the year. Acceptance by the peer group was related to number of mutual friends but there were some well-liked children who had no friends and disliked children who had friends. These results show the importance of popularity and early friendships in preschool classrooms. That is, these peer relationships are lasting and related to social and emotional development. Therefore, efforts to foster both group relations and mutual dyadic relationships should be included in preschool programming. 相似文献
14.
Lindsey M. O'Brennan Catherine P. Bradshaw Anne L. Sawyer 《Psychology in the schools》2009,46(2):100-115
Bullying poses a threat to children's social‐emotional functioning and their perceptions of school climate, yet few studies have examined different types of social‐emotional and behavior problems presented by children involved in bullying, as a bully, victim, or bully/victim across multiple school levels. The current study used data from 24,345 elementary‐, middle‐, and high‐school students to examine the association between frequent involvement in bullying and aggressive impulsivity, attitudes toward aggressive retaliation, internalizing symptoms, peer relations, and perceptions of school climate. Logistic regression analyses indicated that bully/victims were most likely to display internalizing symptoms, problems in peer relationships, and have poorer perceptions of the school environment. Both frequent bullies and bully/victims displayed aggressive‐impulsive behavior and endorsed retaliatory attitudes. High‐school students frequently involved in bullying tended to display the greatest risk for internalizing problems, but less risk for aggressive impulsivity. Developmental trends and implications for prevention and early intervention are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
15.
Two samples of sixth-grade students were followed over time to examine relations of number of reciprocated friendships, peer acceptance, and group membership to academic achievement. In both samples, group membership was the most consistent predictor of grades over time. In study 2, prosocial behavior, antisocial behavior, and emotional distress were examined as processes that might explain these significant links between peer relationships and academic achievement. Results of longitudinal analyses support a conclusion that aspects of peer relationships are related to classroom achievement indirectly, by way of significant relations with prosocial behavior. Future research might benefit from more in-depth analyses of the functions of adolescent peer relationships and the processes by which they influence orientations toward social and academic competence at school. 相似文献
16.
随着社会信息加工心理学的崛起,人们开始用社会信息加工过程中可能存在的障碍来理解学习困难儿童的社会性发展.以往对学习困难儿童的社会目标、社会行为和同伴接纳的研究主要考察两两之间的关系,本研究用社会信息加工模型来系统考察三者之间的关系.研究发现:(1)学习困难儿童的社会目标存在年级差异;(2)学习困难儿童自我报告的攻击行为存在年级差异;(3)学习困难儿童同伴评定的攻击行为存在性别差异;(4)在敌意和非敌意归因情境下,学习困难儿童的社会目标对社会行为和同伴接纳都有影响,从而为教育者通过干预学习困难儿童的社会目标来改善他们的社会行为和人际关系提供理论依据. 相似文献
17.
Helen St Clair-Thompson Myfanwy Bugler Jamey Robinson Peter Clough Sarah P. McGeown John Perry 《教育心理学》2015,35(7):886-907
Mental toughness has frequently been associated with successful performance in sport; however, recent research suggests that it may also be related to academic performance in Higher Education. In a series of three exploratory studies, we examined the relationship between mental toughness and different aspects of educational performance in adolescents aged 11–16, focusing on academic attainment, school attendance, classroom behaviour and peer relationships. Study 1 revealed significant associations between several aspects of mental toughness (but particularly control of life) and academic attainment and attendance. Study 2 revealed significant associations between several aspects of mental toughness (but again particularly control of life) and counterproductive classroom behaviour. Finally, Study 3 demonstrated significant associations between aspects of mental toughness (confidence in abilities and interpersonal confidence) and peer relationships. The results are discussed in terms of the potential value of mental toughness as a useful concept in education. 相似文献
18.
Martin Wertenbruch M.A. Prof. Dr. Birgitt R?ttger-R?ssler 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2011,14(2):241-257
At school, adolescents experience a variety of shame and shaming situations, which accompany important processes of social inclusion and exclusion. Shame could thereby be understood as a form of ??social fear?? constituting an emotional dimension, which specifically promotes social conformity. However, there are surprisingly few contributions from the fields of education science or school-sociology concentrating on this subject-matter. Therefore, within our emotion-anthropological study on ??multi-cultural?? classrooms, we give special emphasis on the theme of shame. The central question of this article is: What are the social functions of shame in the school context? Moreover: To what extent do differing cultural standards influence the experience and expression of shame? Our results show that shame-related situations in everyday school life, among others, are defined by peer norms. Furthermore, the forms of emotion-reactions demonstrate how behavior patterns are mediated by their social and cultural contexts. Shame and shaming constitute significant emotional dimensions in every-day school life. Future studies examining this theme, particularly in heterogeneous contexts, would only enrich the debate on questions of school culture. 相似文献
19.
Brahm Norwich Darren Moore Lauren Stentiford Dave Hall 《British Educational Research Journal》2022,48(4):803-820
This paper examines ideas about mental health, wellbeing and school education to illustrate important issues in the relationship between mental health and education. The Covid crisis has amplified the pre-existing mental health problems of children and young people in England and recognition of the opportunities in schools to address these. The paper gives an overview of child and adolescent mental health services and how they position the role of schools. It examines prominent concepts of mental health and their relationship to wellbeing, setting this in a discussion of ‘mentally healthy’ schools, mental health in special educational needs and whole-school approaches. This analysis shows how the relationship between mental health and wellbeing has not been adequately worked out, using this as the basis for arguing for the dual-factor mental health model which separates mental illness/disorder from wellbeing as two related dimensions. The paper then translates the dual-factor model into a two-dimensional framework that represents the distinctive but related aims of school education (wellbeing promotion) and mental health services (preventing, coping, helping mental health difficulties). This framework involves a complex conception of wellbeing, with schools playing an important role in promoting wellbeing (beyond emotional wellbeing), tiered models and establishing school-wide social emotional learning. It is about a whole-school curriculum approach that involves considering what is to be learned and how it is taught. It contributes to a more nuanced concept of wellbeing that has a place for meaningful learning and challenge. 相似文献
20.
Most prior studies of family-peer linkages during the preschool years have asked how mothers' or fathers' parenting practices contribute to early social competence. However, recent evidence from studies of family group-level processes raise the possibility that coparenting and family group process may also influence early social competence. This study traces pathways between family group-level dynamics, preschoolers' family imagery, and peer behavior at nursery school, testing the hypothesis that children's perceptions of family anger and aggression provide a link (through mediation and other indirect connections) between family process and early peer behavior. 43 four-year-olds used a set of doll family figures to tell stories about happy, sad, mad and worried families, and participated in a puppet interview in which they answered questions about family activities and family anger. Children's projection of aggression into the doll family task and discomfort during the puppet interview were each related to both parent-child and family-level dynamics. Family-level variables were also associated with observed social behavior at preschool, with effects strongest for boys. Pathways linking low levels of support and mutuality in the coparenting relationship to problematic peer relationships were indirect and mediated rather than direct, with children's family representations playing an intermediary role. By contrast, there was a direct pathway linking the family's affective climate to positive peer behavior; children from families showing warm, positive relations among all family members displayed more positive and prosocial peer behavior at school. We propose that studies of early peer competence could benefit from a broadened definition of family process and from the inclusion of information about how preschoolers conceive of relationship dynamics within the family. 相似文献