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1.
Xi Xiang Yan Liu 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(4):1865-1881
There is a dearth of research concerning the learning effects of web-based mapping tools on students with different learning characteristics. This study investigates the extent that different learning styles exert an influence on spatial thinking of students within a web-based GIS mapping environment. Thirty six sophomores utilized the tools over one semester in a course guided by a blended learning approach. A learning style inventory, a self-rating questionnaire and a survey were administered to these students to examine their learning styles, the development of their spatial thinking skills as well as factors influencing the enhancement of their spatial thinking skills. Results show that all learners have improved their spatial thinking skills after interacting with the GIS mapping tools. However, the visual and auditory learners have improved significantly more than the kinaesthetic learners (p = 0.024). The survey result from students shows that such differences may be attributable to the design of the web interface that matches the learning styles of the visual and auditory learners better than with that of the kinaesthetic learners. Our findings contribute to the current debate on students’ learning styles as well as to help instructional designers and educators optimize learning in spatial thinking through personalized learning design. 相似文献
2.
When teachers or instructors create computer-based learning environments, they often solely consider technical aspects of interactivity. As a consequence, learners’ main role is to respond to requests of the learning environment (e.g. by answering multiple-choice questions). This aspect of interactivity is, however, not sufficient to understand the complex benefits of interactivity for learners’ knowledge acquisition. In order to create a higher level of interactivity, an instructional task that encourages learners to design learning materials for fellow learners is used in this paper. We will show that this instructional task can induce interactive elements because learners are encouraged to take not only their own perspective into account when designing. In addition, we investigated if the quality of source material affects knowledge acquisition in design tasks. In a two-by-two design, students (n?=?108) had to design either a learning environment for others (i.e. to perform perspective-shifting), or a representation of acquired knowledge for themselves (no perspective-shifting) with less or more coherent information sources. Results indicate that performing perspective-shifting can be a powerful technique for eliciting interactive learning behavior and, thus, for learning. The quality of information sources does not influence knowledge acquisition to a great extent. 相似文献
3.
Cathal Butler 《Support for Learning》2016,31(3):185-201
This research focused on whether a TEACCH‐based approach could be effective in helping to develop the communication skills of older learners with Severe Intellectual Disabilities, to enhance their ability to communicate, to enhance their abilities to live independent lives, and to take part in discussions about their future. A TEACCH based approach was implemented in a class in a special school, attended by six students, aged over 16, all of whom had Severe Intellectual Disabilities. Using a pre‐post quasi‐experimental design P‐Scale data and IEP targets were used as measures of progress for communication skills. These were supplemented by regular researcher observations of the communication skills of the students. Staff were also asked to regularly measure the frequency and effectiveness of communication skills. Parents were also interviewed. P‐scale and IEP targets indicated some progress being made across the two years. The results from research and staff observation were more striking however, indicating the development of frequent and effective communication skills across the two years. Importantly, these communications were occurring spontaneously, rather than being the result of conversations initiated by staff. Parents had noticed changes in their children's communication, but remained concerned about their prospects for the future. This research showed that a TEACCH‐based method can be effective in developing communication skills in learners with Severe Intellectual Disabilities. The extent of the effectiveness remains unclear however, as the school‐based methods for assessing progress for these learners (mainly p‐scales) remain problematic. 相似文献
4.
Koen Veermans Ton de Jong Wouter R. van Joolingen 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(3):229-255
Providing learners with computer-generated feedback on their learning process in simulation-based discovery environments cannot be based on a detailed model of the learning process due to the “open” character of discovery learning. This paper describes a method for generating adaptive feedback for discovery learning based on an “opportunistic” learning model that takes the current hypothesis of the learner and the experiments performed to test this hypothesis as input. The method was applied in a simulation–based learning environment in the physics domain of collisions. Additionally, the method was compared to an environment in which subjects received predefined feedback on their hypotheses, not taking the experimentation behavior into account. Results showed that overall both groups did not differ on knowledge acquired. A further analysis indicated that, in their learning processes, the learners in the experimental condition built upon their intuitive knowledge base, whereas the learners in the control condition built upon their conceptual knowledge base. In addition, measures of the learning process showed that the subjects in the experimental condition adopted a more inquiry-based learning strategy compared to the subjects in the control condition. We concluded, therefore, that providing learners with adaptive feedback had a different and beneficial effect on the learning process compared to more traditional predefined feedback. 相似文献
5.
Annoesjka Boersma Geert ten Dam Willem Wardekker Monique Volman 《Learning Environments Research》2016,19(1):107-131
In this study, the concept of ‘community of learners’ was used to improve initial vocational education. The framework of a ‘community of learners for vocational orientation’ that we present offers both a theoretical understanding of teaching–learning processes in initial vocational education and heuristics for the design of innovative learning environments for optimising these processes. In a design research study, we investigated if, and how, learning environments designed on the basis of these heuristics fostered communities of learners for vocational orientation, in which students experience to learn in a shared, meaningful, reflective and transfer-oriented way. We examined students’ perceptions of the learning environment and their learning activities during eight curriculum units specifically designed to foster the communities of learners. During almost all of the units that we designed, students found themselves learning in a more shared, meaningful, reflective and transfer-oriented way than during regular units. We conclude that the proposed heuristics had been useful starting points for the design of innovative learning environments that foster communities of learners for vocational orientation. In addition, we show how the heuristics can be elaborated for a particular school, based on practical and pedagogical content knowledge of teachers, as well as students’ perceptions of the learning environment and their learning activities. 相似文献
6.
Mehmet Sercan Uztosun 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2018,41(4):549-565
This research aimed to uncover the teacher competences that are necessary to provide age-appropriate English language teaching to primary school students in Turkey. The Delphi technique was implemented to propose a list of competences created through consensus among a panel of experts that consisted of 15 teachers and 16 teacher educators. The data were collected by administering three questionnaires in three rounds. Central tendency and consensus were measured through median and inter-quartile range, respectively. The findings led to a list of 29 teacher competences which were categorised into five groups: ‘theoretical and practical knowledge’, ‘knowing the young learner’, ‘planning and organising teaching’, ‘managing teaching’, and ‘competence in English’. Implications were made for improving the effectiveness of English language teaching to young learners: these included the design of pre-service and in-service teacher education programmes to equip teachers with the necessary skills and knowledge to teach English to young learners. 相似文献
7.
Sai Väyrynen Essi Kesälahti Tanja Pynninen Jenny Siivola Natalia Flotskaya Svetlana Bulanova 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2016,39(4):437-451
We argue that a key aspect of inclusive pedagogy is the interaction between the learners, their teachers and the environment. For effective interaction, learners need to develop social competence. This study explores how teachers support the development of the key social skills in schools in Finland and in Russia. The data were collected by questionnaires and observations, and analysed by theory-guided content analysis. While all teachers supported the development of social skills, their pedagogical choices reflected their personal interaction style. The teachers who favoured informal interactions engaged in real-life situations with learners, whereas those favouring formal interactions chose separate activities for practising social skills. The study highlights aspects that deserve more attention in developing teacher education programmes for inclusion. 相似文献
8.
Siswa van Riesen Hannie Gijlers Anjo Anjewierden Ton de Jong 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2018,66(2):475-491
Inquiry learning is an educational approach in which learners actively construct knowledge and in which performing investigations and conducting experiments is central. To support learners in designing informative experiments we created a scaffold, the Experiment Design Tool (EDT), that provided learners with a step-by-step structure to select variables and to assign values to these variables, together with offering built-in heuristics for experiment design. To further structure the students’ approach, the EDT was offered within a set of detailed research questions which again were grouped under a set of broader research questions. Learning results for learners who worked with the EDT were compared to results for learners in two control conditions. In the first control condition, learners received only the detailed research questions and not the EDT; in the second control condition, learners received only the limited set of general research questions. In all conditions, learners conducted their experiments in an online learning environment about the physics topic of Archimedes’ principle. Conceptual knowledge was measured before and after the intervention using parallel forms of a knowledge test. Overall results showed significant learning gains in all three conditions, but no significant differences between conditions. However, learners who started with low prior knowledge showed a significantly higher learning gain in the EDT condition than in the two control conditions. This result indicates that the effect of providing learners with scaffolds does not follow a “one-size-fits-all” principle, but may depend on specific learner characteristics, such as prior knowledge. 相似文献
9.
In this study an attempt was made to construct a multi-factor model predicting the development of reading literacy in the
upper grades of primary school in the Netherlands for subgroups of 729 first language (L1) learners and 93 second language
(L2) learners. Following a longitudinal design, it was explored to what extent the variation in reading literacy development
in L1 and L2 from grade 4 to grade 6 can be explained from children’s word decoding, language, mathematics and nonverbal reasoning
skills, reading motivation and self confidence as well as their home reading resources. The results showed that L1 and L2
learners differed in reading literacy skills, language, mathematics, and reasoning skills. Structural equation modelling showed
that the reading literacy development in both L1 and L2 learners could be explained from decoding, language, mathematics and
reasoning skills, as well as their motivation and self-confidence. A striking difference was the fact that home reading resources
had an impact on reading literacy in L1 learners but not in L2 learners. 相似文献
10.
柴少明 《现代远程教育研究》2012,(4):35-40
计算机支持的协作学习（CSCL）是近年来教育技术和学习科学研究的热点,协作知识建构是CSCL的主要学习方式和学习目标,如何支持和促进协作知识建构是教育研究者和实践者关注的焦点问题之一。在社会建构主义和对话学习理论基础上建立的基于对话的教学设计和基于研究与实践的协作学习过程模型可以作为一种系统的教学模式,引入到CSCL学习环境中来支持协作知识建构。网络环境下协作学习困难和问题调查,以及CSCL课程实践证明：旨在提高学生对话能力,促进学生不同类型对话产生和发展,培养学生批判性思维能力的促进协作知识建构的教学设计和实施策略是有效的,学生在协作学习中能掌握并运用这些策略来促进协作学习。实现知识建构的目标。 相似文献
11.
12.
The article describes a research project undertaken with advanced adult learners of German at a distance at The Open University, United Kingdom. Their gains in intercultural competence were investigated by looking at how far the students met the prescribed learning outcomes, their knowledge items, language skills, attitudes towards Germans and their assessment results. The findings show that this particular group of learners felt that they had achieved the different requirements of the stated learning outcomes to a surprisingly high level and demonstrated a high level of intercultural competence. In addition, these learners were able to articulate their opinions of commonly held attitudes and stereotypical views about Germans and offered reflective insights into why their personal attitudes differed in many respects from more commonly held views. 相似文献
13.
14.
Learning in discovery environments, such as simulations, requires both planning and complex inference processing from learners.
Studies evaluating simulations learning have indicated that, without added instructional support, simulation learning knowledge
gains are disappointing and/or unclear. With regard to the problems that learners could encounter, we feel, on the one hand,
that learners should be supported in their discovery processes whenever possible. On the other hand, we believe that learners'
own responsibility in the learning process should be emphasised. The discovery environment in the present study is called
CIRCUIT, in which the behaviour of current and voltage sources in electrical circuits is simulated. CIRCUIT includes three
main types of instructional support: model progression, assignments, and explanations. Two experimental conditions were created.
Although these conditions were similar with respect to the support, they differed with respect to the amount of freedom given
to the subjects. That is, the first group of subjects was free to choose their own sequence exploring the simulation environment.
In the second group, the sequence was largely controlled by the environment. In determining the instructional value of the
interaction, special attention is paid to acquiring intuitive knowledge as compared to definitional knowledge. The evaluation
followed a pretest-posttest design. Results showed no gain in definitional knowledge but a gain in intuitive knowledge. No
major differences between the experimental groups were detected in the posttest results or in the interaction processes, a
cognitive load measure, and the subjective ratings.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
谢丽 《廊坊师范学院学报》2006,22(4):104-107
阅读水平难以提高一直是困扰中国英语学习者的一个难题.图式理论强调了语言知识和背景知识的重要性,有利于教师更加合理地设计阅读课堂教学模式.也就是说,图式理论能够辅助大学英语阅读教学. 相似文献
16.
高职英语任务型教学方法初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
刘晔辉 《贵州教育学院学报》2009,25(11):21-23
任务型教学是20世纪80年代末兴起的一种语言教学法,强调在“做中学”,将语言形式的操练和意义表达结合起来。学习者围绕各种任务活动,联系已学过的语言知识和技能,形成综合的表达。学习者通过不断接触新的语言形式,从而发展自己的语言系统。 相似文献
17.
Teachers not only need to develop a knowledge base for teaching, but also should be able to make reasoned decisions regarding
their classroom science teaching. Preservice teachers need opportunities to begin developing their pedagogical reasoning ability
as part of their undergraduate education so that science teaching in primary schools is based on sound reasoning. This paper,
using a case study methodology, reports on the initial pedagogical reasoning ability of second-year preservice primary teachers.
By completing a problem-based science education topic, these preservice teachers had the opportunity to explore all stages
in the pedagogical reasoning process. Preservice teachers initially demonstrated limited pedagogical reasoning ability, but
as a result of the framework provided in the problem-based approach, they were able to refine their reasoning ability. Through
a combination of group work and individual research, the preservice teachers were able to integrate their science knowledge,
curriculum knowledge and knowledge of learners and apply this to a peerteaching situation and in the process develop their
pedagogical reasoning skills. 相似文献
18.
Two hundred and eighty undergraduates from universities in two countries were asked to read didactic material, and then think and write about potential solutions to an ill-defined problem. The writing was conducted within a synchronous or asynchronous computer-mediated communication (CMC) environment. Asynchronous CMC took the form of email exchanges between American learners only, Southern European learners only, and American and Southern European learners together. Synchronous CMC was restricted to dyads consisting of American–American, Southern European–Southern European, and American–Southern European students dialoguing. Additionally, a number of Americans and Southern Europeans were each paired with a content-“mirroring” computer-generated partner to account of the effect of thinking with an unresponsive partner in synchronous CMC. Results revealed that dyadic learners in asynchronous CMC used significantly more reasoning skills to think about solutions to the problem, while dyadic learners in synchronous CMC exchanged significantly more personal knowledge and features of emotion. However, the tendency among dyadic learners to include emotional features in their dialogues was mediated by their cultural background. 相似文献
19.
Skand Arora Manav Goel A. Sai Sabitha Deepti Mehrotra 《The American journal of distance education》2017,31(2):80-97
The open nature of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) attracts a large number of learners with different backgrounds, skills, motivations, and goals. This has brought a need to understand such heterogeneity in populations of MOOC learners. Categorizing these learners based upon their interaction with the course can help address this need and suggest possible improvements in course design and delivery. In this article, the K-means clustering technique with careful seeding is used to obtain clusters of learners having similar interaction in the course. Learners are grouped based on their interaction with course material, video lectures, discussion forums, and assessments. In the analysis of thirteen courses, the proposed method identified learners’ classes as Uninterested, Casuals, Performers, Explorers and Achievers. Each class of learners had distinct interaction with the course and followed a certain learning approach. The learners’ classes were mapped to the standard surface, deep, and strategic learning approaches.This article also highlights the data preparation phase and its importance in data mining. 相似文献
20.
赵旭 《河北大学成人教育学院学报》2012,(1):23-26
情境学习理论强调培养学习者的主动建构能力,认为学习是学习者与环境相互作用的过程,知识和技能的获得产生于学习者与环境之间的互动,互动的过程便是学习者掌握知识并能灵活运用的过程,从而解决问题、适应社会。借鉴情境学习理论,要从教学内容的选定、教学模式的设定、教学环境的创新、教师观念的转变等方面来改革我国成人教学。 相似文献