共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
徐丽丽汪小燕张奕车晓航陈春林 《宜春学院学报》2016,(3):23-27
目的:研究丁基苯酞对行为绝望小鼠及慢性抑郁模型大鼠的抗抑郁作用。方法:采用小鼠强迫游泳和悬尾实验两种经典行为绝望抑郁模型,大鼠慢性应激抑郁模型,观察丁基苯酞的抗抑郁作用。同时观察5-HT合成抑制剂(对氯苯丙氨酸)对丁基苯酞抗抑郁作用的影响,研究丁基苯肽抗抑郁的作用机制。结果:急性或长期给予丁基苯酞均可显著降低小鼠强迫游泳不动时间、悬尾不动时间(p<0.01或p<0.05),且对小鼠的自主活性无明显影响。在慢性不可预见性抑郁模型的大鼠中,模型组大鼠的直立次数、水平穿越格数和糖水消耗值均下降(p<0.05或p<0.01),而高剂量的丁基苯酞能够增加大鼠自主活动性及糖水消耗值(p<0.05或p<0.01),同时减少大鼠中央格停留时间(p<0.05)。5-HT合成抑制剂对丁基苯酞的抗抑郁作用无明显影响。结论:丁基苯酞具有明显的抗抑郁作用,其作用机制可能并不依赖于5-HT系统。 相似文献
2.
目的：观察人参皂苷Rg1的抗抑郁作用,探讨其抗抑郁机制。方法：采用小鼠悬尾实验（tail suspension test,TST）和强迫游泳实验（forced swim test,FST）建立急性应激模型,选择大鼠慢性温和不可预见性应激（chronic unpredictable mild stress,CUMS）的方法建立长期抑郁模型。同时给予人参皂苷Rg1（5,10,20 mg·kg-1·d-1）和度洛西汀（10 mg·kg-1·d-1）,观察Rg1的抗抑郁作用。结果：在急性应激实验中,Rg1三个剂量组（5,10,20 mg·kg-1）均能够显著减少动物的不动时间。慢性应激后,采用强迫游泳和糖水消耗实验进行行为学检测,与模型组相比,Rg1三个剂量均能够显著减少大鼠在强迫游泳实验中的不动时间,增加糖水偏好实验的糖水消耗百分比,延长动物的睡眠时间。机制研究证明,Rg1可抑制PDE4引起环腺苷酸（cyclic adenosine monophsphate,cAMP）的累积,进而激活cAMP介导的抗抑郁信号转导途径,还可增加雄激素水平,而雄激素又能拮抗糖皮质激素的释放和增加基础突触传递。此外,增加突触新生也是抗抑郁的重要机制。结论：人参皂苷Rg1对小鼠急性应激和CUMS诱导的大鼠抑郁行为有显著的改善作用,并可能通过调节神经递质和激素的释放、减少糖皮质激素含量、增加神经营养因子的表达以及增强突触可塑性来发挥抗抑郁作用。 相似文献
3.
文章通过检索中文期刊全文数据和Springer数据库,对5-HT（5-羟色胺）与中枢运动疲劳的相关研究与研究新进展进行综合性分析。资料表明：5-HT是中枢疲劳产生的可能机制;不同运动时间与急性耐力运动后5-HT在神经系统部分区域的表达增多;5-HT受体在中枢疲劳中具有重要作用;补充葡萄糖、氨基酸能减少5-HT的分泌,延缓中枢疲劳发生,为今后人们对运动性中枢疲劳的研究提供参考。 相似文献
4.
灯盏花素是中药灯盏细辛主要的有效单体之一,属于黄酮类活性成分.研究表明,灯盏花素在脑损伤中具有很好的神经保护作用,其机制可能包括：改善能量代谢,清除自由基,抑制细胞内Ca2＋超载、兴奋性氨基酸毒性、炎症反应,调节脑内血管活性物质的产生,抑制神经元凋亡等.灯盏花素具有良好的临床应用前景,该文对灯盏花素近年来神经保护作用研究进展作一综述. 相似文献
5.
MT -3是广泛存在于哺乳动物多种组织中的一种金属硫蛋白 ,有多种生物学功能。本文主要阐述了MT -3在脑组织中的神经生长抑制、神经保护及神经再生调控等生物学功能 ,并介绍了MT -3的可能作用机理。 相似文献
6.
采用小学生情绪调节问卷中文版(ERQ-CC)、艾森克人格量表中文儿童版(EPQ-Ck)和儿童抑郁量表中文版(CDI-C)对1381名小学生进行调查,考察小学生神经质与抑郁情绪的关系,及情绪调节的中介作用.结果发现:(1)小学女生认知重评使用率得分显著高于男生;六年级是小学生表达抑制策略发展的关键期;(2)神经质、表达抑制、抑郁情绪之间存在显著的正相关,认知重评与神经质、抑郁情绪间存在显著的负相关;(3)神经质、认知重评、表达抑制均能显著预测抑郁情绪,认知重评和表达抑制在神经质与抑郁情绪关系间起部分中介作用.本研究对于探索小学生抑郁发生发展机制具有一定的理论意义. 相似文献
7.
原花青素联用胡椒碱减轻抑郁样行为的机制研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的：探讨原花青素（proanthocyanidin,OPC）不同剂量联用胡椒碱（piperine,PIP）的抗抑郁样行为及其机制.方法：采用慢性不可预知性温和应激模型,连续造模联合给药21d后,d 22测定小鼠悬尾、强迫游泳不动时间;用高效液相电化学法测定小鼠海马和前额叶皮层中单胺递质及其代谢产物的含量,荧光分光光度法检测全脑单胺氧化酶活性.结果：与正常组相比,模型组小鼠悬尾和强迫游泳测试中的不动时间显著增加;同时其海马、前额叶皮层中5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT）、去甲肾上腺素（norepinephrine,NE）含量显著下降,但5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid,5-HIAA）与5-HT比值（5-HIAA/5-HT）显著上升.OPC （50、25、12.5 mg·kg-1）剂量组联用PIP（5 mg·kg-1）能够逆转这种现象.此外,OPC （50、25、12.5 mg·kg-1）剂量组联用胡椒碱（5 mg·kg-1）组还能降低由于应激引起的单胺氧化酶（monoamine oxidase,MAO）A型活性升高,但不影响单胺氧化酶B型活性.结论：原花青素联用胡椒碱可以改善由于慢性应激对小鼠造成的抑郁样行为,其机制可能与降低单胺氧化酶活性,增加单胺递质含量有关. 相似文献
8.
目的:观察左心室流出道慢反应自律细胞分布区域神经纤维分布特点,探讨其自律性活动是否接受自主神经的调控.方法:将豚鼠左心室流出道可引导出自律性慢反应电位的部位制成标本,采用免疫组织化学染色,光镜观察该部位5-羟色胺(5-HT)、神经肽Y(NPY)能神经纤维的分布.结果:在主动脉瓣膜根部和心室肌交界的自律细胞团周围含有丰富5HT、NPY能阳性神经纤维,呈点状膨体和细线状纤维,在细胞团内也可偶见5-HT、NPY阳性神经纤维.结论:左心室流出道的自律细胞团周围及细胞团内有阳性5HT、NPY能神经纤维分布,结合NE对该部自律性慢反应电位有明显影响,表明左心室流出道慢反应自律细胞的活动可能受交感神经纤维的调控. 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
Early in the course of circadian rhythm research, it became clear that individual animal subjects exhibit multiple rhythms whose peaks or troughs assume a fixed temporal relationship with each other, maintaining a state of internal synchrony. These observations motivated enquiry into what could be the nature of the system underlying such rhythms and inspired one of the pioneer circadian biologists, Colin Pittendrigh to develop the concept of circadian organization. Pittendrigh proposed that multiple oscillators constitute circadian timing systems, and each of themregulates a different rhythm. In this article, we will discuss what the evidence over the years suggests about the circadian organization and how our understanding of this system has matured. 相似文献
12.
Over the series of articles on circadian rhythms, we saw that living organisms exhibit daily rhythms in multiple behaviours and physiological processes. Although some rhythms may be passive responses to 24 h environmental cycles, many are regulated by endogenous-rhythmgenerating machinery called circadian clocks. We have introduced the concept of circadian clocks, their organization and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this article, we will dwell upon one of the most fundamental questions pertaining to circadian clocks, ‘Why do we have them?’. The aim of this article is not to provide answers, but to discuss the efforts and strategies used to address this question and critically evaluate explanations proposed till date. 相似文献
13.
Circadian rhythms of tonic immobility were found in male albino rats raised on a 12-h diurnal light cycle and tested at 6-h intervals. Durations of immobility were twice as long at 2000 h as at 1400 h. These differences persisted when rats were exposed to constant darkness for 10 days, but disappeared when rats were maintained in constant light for the same period. Since endogenous circadian rhythms of certain monoamine levels persist in constant darkness yet disappear under constant light, it is suggested that cycles of tonic immobility in rats are also endogenous. When the diurnal pattern of tonic immobility duration is compared to that of various neurohumors, immobility duration appears to parallel melatonin production and to be opposite in phase to the cycle of serotonin levels. Duration of immobility increased over trials, although the number of inductions required to produce immobility decreased. This suggests that instrumental conditioning may modify the immobility response to some extent. 相似文献
14.
Living organisms ranging from bacteria to human beings exhibit 24-h rhythms in various behaviours and physiological processes. Matching of the period of such rhythms with that of the daily environmental cycles gives an impression that they are mere passive responses to environmental changes. Here, we discuss the change in our perception about daily biological rhythms, from their identity as rhythmic phenomena occurring as passive response to environmental changes, to the biological clocks. This is the first article in a series of articles on circadian rhythms which will cover discussion on the genetic and molecular basis, circadian organization and its adaptive significance. 相似文献
15.
De Bellis MD Broussard ER Herring DJ Wexler S Moritz G Benitez JG 《Child abuse & neglect》2001,25(7):923-944
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the lifetime incidence of mental disorders in caregivers involved in maltreatment and in their maltreated child. METHODS: Lifetime DSM-III-R and IV psychiatric diagnoses were obtained for 53 maltreating families, including at least one primary caregiver and one proband maltreated child or adolescent subject (28 males, 25 females), and for a comparison group of 46 sociodemographically, similar nonmaltreating families, including one proband healthy child and adolescent subject (22 males, 22 females). RESULTS: Mothers of maltreated children exhibited a significantly greater lifetime incidence of anxiety disorders (especially post-traumatic stress disorder), mood disorders, alcohol and/or substance abuse or dependence disorder, suicide attempts, and comorbidity of two or more psychiatric disorders, compared to control mothers. Natural fathers or mothers' live-in mates involved in maltreatment exhibited a significantly greater lifetime incidence of an alcohol and/or substance abuse or dependence disorder compared to controls. The majority of maltreated children and adolescents reported anxiety disorders, especially post-traumatic stress disorder (from witnessing domestic violence and/or sexual abuse), mood disorders, suicidal ideation and attempts, and disruptive disorders. Most maltreated children (72%) suffered from comorbidity involving both emotional and behavioral regulation disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Families involved in maltreatment manifest significant histories of psychiatric comorbidity. Policies which target identification and treatment of comorbidity may contribute to breaking the intergenerational transmission of maltreatment. 相似文献
16.
王丹 《西安文理学院学报》2011,(2):9-13
随着生活节奏的加快、工作竞争激烈等应激因素的加剧,抑郁症的发病率逐年升高.最近研究表明抑郁症是与控制心境相关的大脑不同区域神经可塑性改变的结果,这些变化主要表现在海马区域神经发生减少,锥体神经元萎缩,神经胶质细胞密度减低,海马体积减小等.研究抑郁症病理机制,对治疗抑郁症至关重要.就海马及相关神经递质对抑郁症发病机制的影... 相似文献
17.
Circadian (circa = about; dian = day) rhythms are amongst the most widely studied rhythmic behaviors across a wide range of organisms. Clocks driving circadian rhythms are termed circadian clocks and involve a network of functionally conserved genetic elements that mediate various oscillatory, physiological and behavioral phenomena and help tune the organism to remain in-sync with the external world. While some of the characteristic functional properties of circadian rhythms and clocks driving such rhythms have been studied for a long time now, our knowledge of the molecular and genetic architecture of circadian clocks remained elusive until recent years. This is the second article in a series on circadian rhythms and will introduce you to the molecular cogs and wheels of circadian clocks. 相似文献
18.
人参皂苷Rg1对糖尿病大鼠心肌氧化应激及细胞凋亡的影响（英文） 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Hai-tao YU Juan ZHEN Bo PANG Jin-ning GU Sui-sheng WU 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2015,16(5):344-354
目的:探讨人参皂苷Rg1对高血糖所致心肌损害的保护作用及其机制。创新点:使用糖尿病大鼠为实验对象,探讨三种浓度的人参皂苷Rg1对糖尿病心肌损伤的保护作用及其机制,检测其是否具有浓度依赖性。方法:将60只Wistar大鼠随机分组,其中空白对照组10只,另50只给予高脂高糖饲养,4周后腹腔注射40 mg/kg链脲佐菌素(STZ)。成功制备糖尿病大鼠模型40只,再随机分为糖尿病模型组,糖尿病大鼠+低剂量人参皂苷Rg1(10 mg/(kg·d)),糖尿病大鼠+中剂量人参皂苷Rg1(15 mg/(kg·d)),糖尿病大鼠+高剂量人参皂苷Rg1(20 mg/(kg·d))。12周后处死大鼠,取血测定空腹血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、心肌酶及氧化应激水平,留取心肌组织使用透射电镜观察心肌细胞超微结构改变,应用TUNEL法检测心肌细胞凋亡,免疫组化检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(CASP3)和Bcl-x L的表达。结论:人参皂苷Rg1对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢无明显影响,人参皂苷Rg1可降低糖尿病大鼠血清肌钙蛋白(c Tn I)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平,改善心肌细胞超微结构,减少心肌细胞凋亡,降低大鼠血清和心肌组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH)水平,降低凋亡蛋白CASP3的表达,同时提高Bcl-x L蛋白表达。总之,人参皂苷Rg1能显著保护糖尿病大鼠心肌损伤,其机制可能与其抗氧化及抗细胞凋亡作用有关。 相似文献
19.
Reda Salamon Elizabeth I. Johnson Joel Swendsen 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2011,26(4):453-463
Research has suggested that academic stress may “spillover” into other life domains and have negative psychological or social
consequences for children and adolescents outside of school settings, but relatively few investigations have examined mediators
and moderators of spillover. The current study explored the mediating role of state affect and the moderating roles of prior
academic performance and mood disturbances on spillover in a sample of 131 French adolescents. Participants completed clinical
measures of anxiety and depression and participated in a 7-day ambulatory monitoring phase that involved multiple daily assessments
of mood, behaviors, and activities. Spillover was observed for family events and subsequent school-related events, as well
as between family and leisure events. These associations remained significant when controlling for immediate mood responses,
suggesting that state affect does not play a salient mediating role. There was no evidence that spillover was moderated by
academic difficulty, anxiety, depression, or gender. Results are discussed in terms of the role that emotional processes may
play in spillover phenomena as well as the reciprocal influence that academic and non-academic events may exert each other. 相似文献
20.
OBJECTIVE: This study from Norway examines the relative influence of child sexual abuse (CSA) and family background risk factors (FBRF) on the risk for current mental disorders and the quality of current intimate relationships in women with CSA treated for anxiety disorders and/or depression. Women with these disorders frequently seek treatment, and the place of CSA in therapy is still under debate. METHOD: 112 women, who were treated with outpatient psychotherapy by female therapists for anxiety disorders and/or depression were included. CSA had been admitted at the start of treatment start in 56 women, while no CSA was admitted among the 56 women of the comparison group. Systematic and detailed retrospective information about childhood as well as data on current functioning and current mental disorders were collected by questionnaires and structured interviews done by an independent female psychiatrist. RESULTS: The women of the CSA group reported significantly more FBRF than the comparisons. CSA increased the risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), non-suicidal self-inflicted harm, and rape after 16 years. Major depression, dysthymia, and their comorbidity were not associated with CSA. The five indicators of quality of current intimate relationship were not associated with CSA. CONCLUSIONS: Women with CSA who have been treated for anxiety disorders and/or depression, also frequently have been exposed to FBRF. Increased risk for PTSD, self-inflicted harm before therapy, and rape after 16 years of age was influenced by CSA, while mood disorders and the quality of current attachment are not associated with CSA, but with FBRF or other factors not examined in this study. 相似文献