首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
The paper deals with theoretical and practical challenges of the information society in the 21st century. In the first part an overview of past and current activities in the field of information ethics at UNESCO is provided (Virtual Forum, Second International Congress on Information Ethics, Observatory on the information Society). The second part presents a historical interpretation of the development of modern information society with the emerging networked world society with its characteristics of interactivity and decentralization. The diversity of moral norms and traditions within this global medium gives rise to the question concerning an Internet-morality as a challenge to ethical thinking. The third part deals with the question of our identity within the framework of a digital ontology. The concepts of “net” and “information” are analysed. A future information ethics is based on a digital ontology. Living in the information age is considered from the point of view of both an ethical imperative and the art of living.  相似文献   

2.
The potential of electronic technologies to reduce costs, increase access, and decentralize federal information dissemination activities has sparked several legislative reorganization proposals. Congress has also called on the U.S. Government Printing Office to plan for a more electronic Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP). Realizing that developments to data were only opening salvos, the American Library Association President convened a Forum on Government Information Policy in July 1995. Representatives of several library associations developed a “Model for New Universe of Federal Information Access and Dissemination.” This article discusses the New Universe model, which includes two preliminary proposals: to reconceptualize federal information access and dissemination responsibilities and to reinvent the FDLP as a federal/ state/local library partnership program.  相似文献   

3.
The inextricably linked concepts of “information” and “information communication” are discussed. Information about some entity is defined as details about its properties reflected in material processes and objects or in the response of systems with purposeful activity. It is asserted that information is manifested only in the process of information communication. The steps of this process are considered. In particular, the processes of information transfer studied by C. Shannon are presented as elements of the stage of reflection of information communication. The aspects of “information support” of typical processes of activity, inherent in a particular subject domain, that must be recognized and studied, are determined. The list of the basic concepts connected with the concept of “information” is given.  相似文献   

4.
Amid the digital disruption for journalism, the U.S.-based Knight Foundation has made a highly publicized effort to shape the nature of news innovation. This growing influence raises questions about what it is trying to accomplish for mass communication and society. This qualitative case study shows how and why the Knight Foundation has sought to change journalism by renegotiating its boundaries. Namely, by downplaying its own historical emphasis on professionalism, the foundation has embraced openness to outside influence—for example, the wisdom of the crowd, citizen participation, and a broader definition of “news.” These rhetorical adaptations have paralleled material changes in the foundation's funding process, typified by the Knight News Challenge innovation contest. In recent times, the foundation has undergone a further evolution from “journalism” to “information.” By highlighting its boundary-spanning interest in promoting “information” for communities, the Knight Foundation has been able to expand its capital and influence as an agent of change among fields and funders beyond journalism.  相似文献   

5.
《Journalism Practice》2013,7(4):478-491
This paper examines the reporter–source interview in television news production. The starting point is that the interview as part of news production is largely ignored as a subject of research, especially considering its central importance in journalism. The interview is usually looked at as a method to gain information from interviewees. This study looks at the interview in a more constructivist way. The central claim is that the interview functions as a “news-generating machine” that compels replies from interviewees that can be used as raw material for news stories. The article brings forth the importance of the “pre-interview”, it examines and exemplifies standard question strategies, such as negative questions, and how the interviewee replies are edited and represented as news. In doing so, the article also shows how certain questions’ strategies are linked with the making of such common news frames as “the problem frame”, “the attraction” and “psychological news narratives”.  相似文献   

6.
Providing better service by automating “business processes” is an exciting prospect for improving the government. Yet, there has not been the same level of effort at making it easier for the public to obtain information about what its government is doing. This article focuses on the constraints and opportunities in making database information available to the public. The database technology is chosen because it is a central repository of public information. New federal law requires the use of information technology (IT) to make access to public information easier. But the new law has also subtly shifted the burden of proof to the citizen in showing why certain information should be made available. If a “statutory fix” to this problem is not available in the short run, we urge agencies to provide increased access to database information because of the continual development of technology and its effect on citizen expectations.  相似文献   

7.
在万物互联时代,边缘计算的出现弥补云计算的不足,将影响智慧档案馆建设的模式。本文从边缘计算的概念及发展历史出发,阐释边缘计算的特点,在总结智慧档案馆特点的基础上,分析智慧档案馆建设引入边缘计算的优势。在此基础上,提出智慧档案馆建设的“云边模式”,分析数字档案馆模式由“个体模式”向“云模式”再向“云边模式”的演进过程。最后分析智慧档案馆发展边缘计算需要解决的边缘计算部署、信息安全与用户隐私、多源异构平台数据共享等问题,以期建设更加智慧的智慧档案馆。  相似文献   

8.
Information is understood as a universal attribute of matter and is generally viewed as reflected diversity. It is asserted that informatics is the science of information and the laws of its existence, transfer, and development. It is supposed that the information approach forms a distinct branch of informatics, i.e., information globalistics, an essentially new trend of global research.  相似文献   

9.
若要充分挖掘作为生产要素的数据的经济价值,须以明确的权属为前提。但数据的无形性和非排他性使其有别于传统民法意义上的“物”,且个人信息安全和隐私保护、企业数据安全和竞争利益维持、国家数据安全和数字经济发展的多元利益冲突导致数据确权举步维艰。现有研究正逐渐确立以公权性质的数据主权和私权性质的个人数据权与企业数据权为内核的“三线数据权”框架,但并未实现数据多元利益的分割,尤其未能将个人信息权和企业数据权剥离。后续研究应着力于合理分割各方数据利益以协调三项数据权的逻辑关系,实现个人隐私与信息安全、企业数据产权明晰、国家数据安全和数字经济发展的相对均衡。  相似文献   

10.
As security and safety requirements were not considered during the creation of networks, there is a growing number of threats for individuals, enterprises, government agencies and organizations. This paper reviews these threats and the difficulties of dealing with them now. The Internet, as a consequence, is hardly adequate for processing sensitive information, because it can be protected neither by technology nor by law. In this situation, future “information societies” will be more risk-oriented than today: individual rights will be less significant and traditional legal instruments will need to be adapted to different sets of values.  相似文献   

11.
Questions of definition and measurement continue to constrain a consensus on the measurement of interdisciplinarity. Using Rao-Stirling (RS) Diversity sometimes produces anomalous results. We argue that these unexpected outcomes can be related to the use of “dual-concept diversity” which combines “variety” and “balance” in the definitions (ex ante). We propose to modify RS Diversity into a new indicator (DIV) which operationalizes “variety,” “balance,” and “disparity” independently and then combines them ex post. “Balance” can be measured using the Gini coefficient. We apply DIV to the aggregated citation patterns of 11,487 journals covered by the Journal Citation Reports 2016 of the Science Citation Index and the Social Sciences Citation Index as an empirical domain and, in more detail, to the citation patterns of 85 journals assigned to the Web-of-Science category “information science & library science” in both the cited and citing directions. We compare the results of the indicators and show that DIV provides improved results in terms of distinguishing between interdisciplinary knowledge integration (citing references) versus knowledge diffusion (cited impact). The new diversity indicator and RS diversity measure different features. A routine for the measurement of the various operationalization of diversity (in any data matrix) is made available online.  相似文献   

12.
The object of discussion is the definition of the term “information” in the new federal law On Information, Information Technologies and Information Protection of 27.07.2006. It is suggested that information in the normative-legal acts be defined by designation of its substantial and communicative structural formsliable to legal regulation.  相似文献   

13.
Broken windows policing came of age when one of the nation's largest and most high-profile police departments began to systematize the philosophy as part of order maintenance policing. This bibliography, comprised primarily of selected readings critical of the phenomenon, not only illustrates the depth and breadth of the criticism of specific order maintenance methods but questions much of the “proof” of their effectiveness. Book-ending the critiques are readings that articulate the founding “broken windows” theory, and cases that provide the legal framework for this particular intersection between social norms theory and law.  相似文献   

14.
As a result of the controversy over the dimensionality of the ethos/source credibility construct and the associated plethora of empirical studies in the 1960s and 1970s, Aristotle's dimension of “goodwill” has been dismissed by many contemporary theorists and researchers. It is argued that this occurred as a result of errors made in the earlier empirical research and that “goodwill” can be measured, contrary to earlier claims, and should be restored to its former status in rhetorical communication theory. Empirical research is reported indicating the existence of the goodwill dimension as part of the structure of the ethos/source credibility construct and a measure of that dimension is provided with evidence for its reliability and validity.  相似文献   

15.
This essay argues that the semi-biographical film 8 Mile represents Eminem as being both racially distinctive and as possessing universal commercial appeal. 8 Mile accomplishes this paradoxical construction by portraying “Rabbit” as “white trash,” a discursively “dark” (white) object, and as an American mythological white subject. The film makes whiteness hyper-visible by subjecting it to raced and gendered struggles. Through real and symbolic violence, Rabbit battles “dark” villains and grapples with “dark” women, initiating a rite of passage. The film grounds Eminem's hip hop authenticity in Rabbit's discursive darkness, but attaches to this image the marketable allure of mythic whiteness. I conclude by contemplating how the film's conservatism reifies “blackness.”  相似文献   

16.
In an age characterized by distributed information, where the majority of the expertise is in the private sector, the concept of “central intelligence” is an oxymoron. The greatest threat to both national security and national economic competitiveness is ignorance—uninformed decision making. Intelligence communities are slowly discovering that they should not send a spy where a schoolchild can go, and that spies are not harnessing the vast distributed intelligence of the private sector. Unfortunately, the culture of intelligence in most countries believes that its uniqueness rests on secrets rather than thinking—on producing secrets rather than informing policy. To survive in the 21st century, every nation must become a “smart nation” and engage all of its citizens—every citizen must be a collector, producer, and consumer of intelligence—and, thus, create the Virtual Intelligence Community. To integrate and make the best use of both open-source intelligence and traditional classified intelligence, each nation must establish a National Information Strategy which addresses connectivity, content, coordination, and computational security.  相似文献   

17.
This article offers a theoretical classification of system information problems and technosphere processes. System information problems are considered in terms of the generation of instructional information. A form of a conservation law for instructional information is offered. The problem of planning is reformulated as a solution to the problem of updating in the generating system model. We consider the analogies of the system information processes in the bio- and technospheres. We suppose that there is a single cybernetic mechanism for the generation of instructional information in the solution of system information problems.  相似文献   

18.
白艳宁  刘吉发 《图书馆》2021,(2):69-73,107
推动社区阅读空间转型对吸引社区居民走进阅读空间、培养居民阅读兴趣、提升居民综合素质,进而实现物质文明和精神文明协同发展意义重大。新时代为社区阅读空间转型提供了新动力的同时也探索出其转型的三维实践机制:“连锁委托”“馆店融合”“管办分离”的建设、运营及管理机制。以当前社区阅读空间的发展状况来窥视今后的发展方向,提出社区阅读空间转型应实现“质”“量”协同、“效”“能”并重、“人”“物”一体的目标。  相似文献   

19.
This paper reviews the relationship between the concepts of “information,” “data,” and document that are applied both with regard to traditional and electronic information resources. The distinction between the information and document concepts is discussed. A document is viewed as an integral part (element) of data. The methodological difference between data searches in two types of information systems, viz., factual and document, is discussed.  相似文献   

20.
以9所澳大利亚高校图书馆发布的个人信息保护政策为研究对象,通过网络调查研究其个人信息保护政策制定的现状。从法律政策指导、个人信息相关概念界定、个人信息收集的目的和内容、个人信息安全的维护、个人信息披露的声明、个人信息的查询与修改、个人信息权利的维护7个方面对澳大利亚高校图书馆个人信息保护政策进行内容分析,对我国高校图书馆个人信息保护政策的制定有以下启示:设置个人信息保护办公室,增强高校图书馆个人信息保护的主动性;并举内容数量,制定高校图书馆个人信息保护政策;构建法律体系,国家加速出台《个人信息保护法》。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号