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1.
科学知识借助引用关系发生动态扩散,客观记录科学发展与演化的轨迹。由于知识之间存在千丝万缕的联系,以孤立的观点看待科学知识的影响与价值往往得到的是片面的感观。本文从联系的视角观察科学知识产出,尝试通过被引、引用、文献耦合与共被引等文献关系为单篇论著构建引文扩散网络,探讨"文献嵌入网络"的概念、测度方式及其在引文扩散过程中起到的特殊作用。案例分析显示,科学知识的形成相伴于科学知识网络的发展,同时也受到这个网络的影响:科学知识向科学领域的扩散,遵循从核心领域向周边领域的扩散模式;施引文献可以揭示目标文献中没有显式呈现的信息;四种文献关系之间可能存在相当程度的重合,引文扩散过程显示出知识的"黏滞性"与非常明显的"小世界"特征。对科学产出的扩散网络进行量化有助于为全面评价其价值提供更多客观依据。 相似文献
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《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(1-2):65-89
Up to 1976, serials automation had progressed to a point where the activities of the bibliographic networks was increasingly important, and the CONSER project had been launched. However, most union lists of serials were still being compiled manually, and the computers used for library applications consisted primarily of (expensive) mainframe computers. Several events took place in 1976: the Library of Congress received a grant for CONSER 11; OCLC's serials check-in system became available; NCLIS established a Task Force on a National Periodicals System; and the first major revision of the copyright law was passed. This article discusses the progress made or the changes that have occurred since 1976 in: CONSER, the bibliographic networks, union lists of serials, stand-alone systems, electronic mail, full text services, copyright, and organizations providing services involving serials. 相似文献
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《Journal of Informetrics》2014,8(3):728-737
The main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between research impact and the structural properties of co-author networks. A new bibliographic source, Microsoft Academic Search, is introduced to test its suitability for bibliometric analyses. Citation counts and 500 one-step ego networks were extracted from this engine. Results show that tiny and sparse networks – characterized by a high Betweenness centrality and a high Average path length – achieved more citations per document than dense and compact networks – described by a high Clustering coefficient and a high Average degree. According to disciplinary differences, Mathematics, Social Sciences and Economics & Business are the disciplines with more sparse and tiny networks; while Physics, Engineering and Geosciences are characterized by dense and crowded networks. This suggests that in sparse ego networks, the central author have more control on their collaborators being more selective in their recruitment and concluding that this behaviour has positive implications in the research impact. 相似文献
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Personal bibliographic database software is one of many products being marketed to researchers. A review of the literature reflects a growing interest in using this software in office settings. Five bibliographic database software products are compared and eight important attributes are identified. We report experience in user training and in providing support by offering discounts on software sold through the library to patrons. 相似文献
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作者共现网络的科学研究结构揭示能力比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作者共现网络在科学研究领域结构分析中具有非常重要的作用,本文构建了作者合作、作者共被引、作者文献耦合、作者关键词耦合及作者期刊耦合五种网络,利用层次聚类和网络关联分析比较不同共现网络揭示科学研究结构的能力。通过层次聚类发现：作者文献耦合网络的准确性和精确性最高,作者共被引网络和作者合作网络其次,作者关键词耦合网络的结果容易受到干扰,作者期刊耦合网络的分析效果较差。通过网络关联分析发现：作者合作网络与其他网络的相关性都相对较低,与其他网络发现的角度不同;作者文献耦合网络与其他几种网络之间的相关性最高,对其他网络分析结果的替代性较强,多种方法结合运用更能反映科学研究的实际结构。本文还讨论了共现网络子结构研究中凝聚子群分析及中心性指标的适用性问题。图5。表4。参考文献16。 相似文献
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Beacher Wiggins 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1988,4(3):25-37
Among the standards most important to librarians and their clients are bibliographic standards, which focus on providing bibliographic
data in machine-readable form to facilitate technical processing of acquisitions, cataloging, and sharing of these data among
libraries. Beacher Wiggins discusses bibliographic standards in general and then focuses on the Cooperative Online Serials
Program—CONSER—a cooperative program for bibliographic control that is now more than a decade old. 相似文献
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Access to health care machine-readable data files (MRDF) is becoming increasingly important to students and researchers in the health care field who use the data in secondary analysis. Health sciences libraries must play a role in providing such access, and this role should consist primarily in providing users with information about the identity and contents of available MRDF and about how they may be obtained. Libraries should therefore collect extensive materials containing information about the MRDF that may be of interest to their users. Many such materials are available in print, and their quality may be expected to improve as newly developed methods and procedures for constructing bibliographic citations, abstracts, and catalog entries for MRDF are put into practice. Also, it is now feasible to incorporate data file abstracts into existing online bibliographic databases. 相似文献
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《孙氏祠堂书目》是一部重要的分类书目,为清孙星衍所撰。孙氏不囿传统和权威,按照自己的分类思想,考虑到岁周之数、各类图书数量的多寡、当时社会学术的发展状况等因素,大胆地将所藏之书分为十二大类,创立十二分法。该分法与几臻完善的四分法相比,在类目设置上有很多创新之处,在图书分类史和学科发展史上有着重要影响。同时,它在图书著录上的导读作用以及版本著录上的详细说明,对后世乃至今天都有借鉴意义。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]针对采用不同引证网络探测新兴趋势的问题,比较群体动力学方法用于直接引证网络和文献耦合网络上的效能差异。[方法/过程]首先构建并分析直接引证网络、文献耦合网络和同被引网络的特征,然后基于群体动力学方法对文献耦合网络进行实证研究。[结果/结论]对比以往的研究结果发现：群体动力学方法作用于直接引证网络进行新兴趋势的预测结果较基线方法为好,而在文献耦合网络中预测的效果并不比基线方法更佳。 相似文献
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中文图书书目数据本地化问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
联机编目环境下,高校图书馆建立的书目数据主要是套录下载CALLS中文书目数据,但部分图书馆下载CALLS库中数据后,加上馆藏项就作为本地馆的书目数据投入使用。事实上,建立既符合书目数据的有关规定,又体现本地特点的书目数据库,是当前各个图书馆编目工作中的一个难点。然而,建立本地馆书目数据并非简单的复制,应对照在编文献,检查套录的数据是否准确、规范,在遵守书目数据有关规定的前提下,结合各馆自身的实际情况,做出必要的修改,体现本地化特色： 相似文献
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引文耦合分析可视化系统设计与实现 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
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《Journal of Informetrics》2020,14(4):101079
The rapid development of scientific fields in this modern era has raised the concern for prospective scholars to find a proper research field to conduct their future studies. Thus, having a vision of future could be helpful to pick the right path for doing research and ensuring that it is worth investing in. In this study, we use article keywords of computer science journals and conferences, assigned by INSPEC controlled indexing, to construct a temporal scientific knowledge network. By observing keyword networks snapshots over time, we can utilize the link prediction methods to foresee the future structures of these networks. We use two different approaches for this link prediction problem. First, we have utilized three topology-based link prediction algorithms, two of which are commonly used in literature. We have also proposed a third algorithm based on nodes (keywords) clustering coefficient, their centrality measures like eigenvector centrality, and nodes community information. Then, we used nodes topological features and the outputs of aforementioned topology-based link prediction algorithms as features to feed five machine learning link prediction algorithms (SVM, Random Forest Classifier, K-Nearest Neighbors, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, and Multinomial Naïve Bayes). All tested predictors have shown considerable performance and their results are discussed in this paper. 相似文献
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《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(2-3):61-98
Automation is a process of dynamic change whereby organizations adopting computerized information technology are systematically and thoroughly changed. Modification in processes produces inextricable change in personnel, procedure, organizational structure, services, and the public perception. Automated networking and the transfer of archives documentation through the nationwide bibliographic networks will have profound influence on archives, more than on libraries. Computer technology is forcing archivists to rethink old theoretical assumptions, professional values, and organizational strategies, including their traditional relationship with librarians and the prevalent administrative nexus between libraries and archives. Several options remain open to archival development in automated information systems, some of which are alternatives to library-dominated networks and approaches to bibliographic control, while others call for closer archives-library cooperation and integration of methodology to produce a new hybrid information milieu. 相似文献
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John Abdul Kargbo 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(1):44-51
Bibliographic control is crucial for library and information work and librarians are sensitive to the importance of maintaining their country's national lists. Its importance is premised on the fact that knowledge of a country's literature is of vital importance to the scholars involved in the study of particular disciplines that deal with distinct historical and geographical areas. In parallel, bibliographic control facilitates specialization in the location, collection and retrieval of information, thus providing a basis for inter-library cooperation. Albeit, this article explores bibliographic activities in Sierra Leone. It highlights the country's publishing activities, legal deposit Act, and bibliographic activities and the problems associated with these activities in the country. 相似文献
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由于从事医学专业领域活动的多样性,专业读者与非专业读者、本单位读者与外单位读者、本地读者与远程用户在医学书目情报需求目的、需求类型、需求层次及需求行为均存在差异。为满足读者个性化书目情报需求,医学图书馆要提升本地资源与远程资源相结合的文献保障能力、Web 2.0支持下的书目情报技术服务能力、具有医学与信息管理背景的专家服务能力、医学书目情报深度知识服务能力。个性化医学书目情报服务策略包括:知识提供与知识获取技能相结合的策略、多渠道书目情报交流相结合的策略、需求驱动书目情报配置的策略、专家服务推动公共服务的策略。 相似文献
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Shelley L. Smith 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(4):304-315
After boxes of uncataloged microforms were discovered at my library, we learned that many of the titles were available as free electronic books, so I added bibliographic records to the local catalog for the e-versions. Some bibliographic records existed in OCLC WorldCat for the electronic versions, but they were not always provider-neutral. I learned how to create the new provider-neutral record and want to share my experience. Other librarians may want to replicate my project at their institutions, weeding their microforms and supplanting those records with e-book bibliographic records, thereby providing instant online access to these resources for their patrons. 相似文献
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Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks integrate autonomous computing resources without requiring a central coordinating authority, which
makes them a potentially robust and scalable model for providing federated search capability to large-scale networks of text-based
digital libraries. However, peer-to-peer networks have so far provided very limited support for full-text federated search
with relevance-based document ranking. This paper provides solutions to full-text federated search of text-based digital libraries
in hierarchical peer-to-peer networks. Existing approaches to full-text search are adapted and new methods are developed for
the problems of resource representation, resource selection, and result merging according to the unique characteristics of
hierarchical peer-to-peer networks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approaches offer a better combination
of accuracy and efficiency than more common alternatives for federated search of text-based digital libraries in peer-to-peer
networks. 相似文献