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1.
LETOR: A benchmark collection for research on learning to rank for information retrieval 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
LETOR is a benchmark collection for the research on learning to rank for information retrieval, released by Microsoft Research
Asia. In this paper, we describe the details of the LETOR collection and show how it can be used in different kinds of researches.
Specifically, we describe how the document corpora and query sets in LETOR are selected, how the documents are sampled, how
the learning features and meta information are extracted, and how the datasets are partitioned for comprehensive evaluation.
We then compare several state-of-the-art learning to rank algorithms on LETOR, report their ranking performances, and make
discussions on the results. After that, we discuss possible new research topics that can be supported by LETOR, in addition
to algorithm comparison. We hope that this paper can help people to gain deeper understanding of LETOR, and enable more interesting
research projects on learning to rank and related topics. 相似文献
2.
Abstract Writing from a science museum perspective, the authors argue that the Learning Science in Informal Environments report arrives at a critical time, when growing policy interest in informal learning environments provides new opportunities for the museum field but also introduces potential threats to autonomy, diversity, and creativity. The authors explore critical questions raised in the report, including: 1) whether and how we represent our subject matter as cultural fields of practice, as opposed to fixed collections of facts and artifacts; 2) how we ensure, at a time of increasing interest and scrutiny from policymakers, that we continue to design for a variety of learning opportunities both across and within our institutions, thus sustaining rich, robust learning for more diverse and inclusive audiences; 3) how we develop better assessment questions, methodologies, and instrumentation that can more effectively address the contributions museums make to local learning ecologies. The authors conclude that, at this juncture, it is just as important for the education research community to learn from the practices of the museum field, as it is for the museum field to learn from the research. 相似文献
3.
创建学习型图书馆 增强图书馆竞争优势 总被引：33，自引：3，他引：30
针对目前网络环境下图书馆面临的竞争和挑战，提出了创建学习型图书馆，以增强图书馆的竞争优势的思想，并以国外学习型组织的理论为依据，论述了什么是学习型图书馆以及如何创建学习型图书馆。 相似文献
4.
《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(3-4):515-527
AbstractEducation students are often not very information literate, and doctoral students are no exception to this “rule of thumb.” The challenge of preparing doctoral students in education to use online resources as they begin the literature review process becomes even more complicated when these students are also distance students who happen to meet at various sites throughout the United States. This presentation will discuss the pros and cons of designing and delivering online and face-to-face versions of a one-credit elective course for students in Programs for Higher Education at Nova Southeastern University. The advantages and disadvantages of delivering content in synchronous and asynchronous formats are examined. Issues addressed include: (1) the relative merits of using WebCT versus using ordinary Web pages and WebBoard discussions, (2) how to incorporate active learning into both modalities for delivering the course, (3) how to pace and structure the delivery of both versions of the course to meet the needs of distance learners, (4) how to meet the needs of students with different learning styles, (5) how to assess learning outcomes, (6) how effective group work was in synchronous and asynchronous environments, (7) how much sequential and developmental learning is necessary in the instructional process for doctoral students, and (8) how the dynamics of collaboration with an academic program can impact the political realities of the design process. 相似文献
5.
Josie Barnes Parker 《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(8):1001-1006
ABSTRACTWe hear often of the success of managers and administrators. We can find lists of titles on how to succeed as a manager and be the best we can be. We rarely read of failure or coping with failure from the people who have failed and survived with their jobs, or not survived as so often is the case. Somewhere in between always succeeding and sometimes failing is job fatigue. What to do with ourselves and how to recover our confidence and energy when we are completely drained is a personal decision and one with many choices. The author chose learning to ride and own horses and in this column she explains how learning to “mean it” with horses allowed her to redefine success and remain an enthusiastic library administrator. 相似文献
6.
Andrew Shouse Bruce V. Lewenstein Michael Feder Philip Bell 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2010,53(2):137-154
Abstract In this article, the editors of the recent National Research Council report Learning Science in Informal Environments: People, Places, and Pursuits discuss the report’s implications for museum professionals. The report is a synthesis of some 2,000 studies and evaluations of learning in non‐school settings such as museums. Here we focus on three specific topics discussed in the full report, which we see as particularly important for museum professionals. These are: a framework for developing and studying science learning experiences; cultural diversity as an integral resource for learning; and assessment of learning. Many museums include “learning” among their goals and many researchers concern themselves with how museums and other settings can be organized to support learning. Yet this wealth of research is rarely brought into focus and offered as guidance to the museum community. 相似文献
7.
Following passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), many museums improved the accessibility of their facilities. Even so, individuals with disabilities still lag behind in participation and engagement in museum experiences. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) provides an alternate model for the design of museum programs and exhibit spaces, one that is more aligned to progressive concepts of disability, providing not only physical access but also access to engagement in learning. In this article we argue that UDL has the potential to substantially improve the design of informal learning environments. Through two illustrative examples, we describe how the UDL design guidelines can be used to improve the probability that engagement will occur as individuals interact with exhibits, programs, and people in museums. 相似文献
8.
Raphaël Hubain Max De Wilde Seth van Hooland 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2016,54(7):403-417
Ensuring quick and consistent access to large collections of unstructured documents is one of the biggest challenges facing knowledge-intensive organizations. Designing specific vocabularies to index and retrieve documents is often deemed too expensive, full-text search being preferred despite its known limitations. However, the process of creating controlled vocabularies can be partly automated thanks to natural language processing and machine learning techniques. With a case study from the biopharmaceutical industry, we demonstrate how small organizations can use an automated workflow in order to create a controlled vocabulary to index unstructured documents in a semantically meaningful way. 相似文献
9.
Reem Sualiman Baragash 《The Reference Librarian》2018,59(3):149-162
ABSTRACTFinding ways to promote students’ online learning performance has always been regarded as a necessity for higher education institutions. In this study, we investigated how certain modes of learning delivery can potentially influence students’ learning. Precisely, the effects of Face-to-Face (F2F), Learning Management System (LMS), and Web-based Learning (WBL) on students’ online learning were examined. A survey questionnaire, distributed to 196 undergraduate students, was used in this study. The use of these modes showed varied effects on the learning outcomes of students. F2F learning mode was found to influence students’ performance in completing online assignments. The result also showed that the use of LMS-based learning mode affects students’ performance in the final exam. These results are believed to provide useful directions for the higher education community to better understand how certain modes of learning delivery can be related to the development of students’ performance in a blended learning environment. 相似文献
10.
泛在图书馆是数字图书馆的进一步发展,如何支持泛在学习是泛在图书馆建设的重点。文章通过支持泛在学习的图书馆资源、服务设计,提出了泛在图书馆建设的一些看法。 相似文献
11.
Suzan Verberne Hans van Halteren Daphne Theijssen Stephan Raaijmakers Lou Boves 《Information Retrieval》2011,14(2):107-132
In this paper, we evaluate a number of machine learning techniques for the task of ranking answers to why-questions. We use TF-IDF together with a set of 36 linguistically motivated features that characterize questions and answers.
We experiment with a number of machine learning techniques (among which several classifiers and regression techniques, Ranking
SVM and SVM
map
) in various settings. The purpose of the experiments is to assess how the different machine learning approaches can cope
with our highly imbalanced binary relevance data, with and without hyperparameter tuning. We find that with all machine learning
techniques, we can obtain an MRR score that is significantly above the TF-IDF baseline of 0.25 and not significantly lower
than the best score of 0.35. We provide an in-depth analysis of the effect of data imbalance and hyperparameter tuning, and
we relate our findings to previous research on learning to rank for Information Retrieval. 相似文献
12.
Elan Paulson Corinne Laverty 《Journal of Library & Information Services in Distance Learning》2018,12(1-2):35-48
This exploratory study applies reflective practice to analyze the role of learning outcomes in developing an online information literacy tutorial. [web address] is a set of ten open access modules that build graduate-level academic literacies and research skills. At the heart of the modules is a set of rigorously crafted learning outcomes that provide the foundational structure on which the self-paced tool is built. Using Gibbs’ Reflective Cycle, this study traces how learning outcomes framed an iterative four-stage design process. Drawing on these findings, we offer considerations for teams developing online learning tools for information literacy and research skills. 相似文献
13.
Les Watson 《New Review of Academic Librarianship》2013,19(1):45-56
As the twenty-first century unfolds and we move to a new economy based not on knowledge but on ideas will the Library as a place disappear? In a connected world where users have extensive access to vast amounts of information why would they go to libraries and, more importantly, are there reasons for us to construct new library buildings in the twenty-first century? While the power of technology makes libraries more able to deliver improved services, digitization and remote access may conspire to make them irrelevant as places. However the real impact of technology is how it affects the practice of teaching and learning. The importance of creating a national learning infrastructure that benefits as many people as possible is more important than ever before for global competitiveness. Libraries focused on their contribution to learning will not merely be important places as the learning society develops but will be essential to its success. To be part of that picture, Libraries need to consider how they can support the ideas economy and provide facilities that become essential to the lives of twenty-first century learners. 相似文献
14.
Russell Michalak 《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(7):768-785
AbstractUsing personally identifiable information (PII) (patron data) to make informed decisions in academic libraries through learning analytics programs has increasingly become more commonplace. In this column, we discuss how libraries around the world have used PII to make informed decisions about hours (gate count), electronic resources (collection usage and authentication), and research assistance (virtual reference). In addition, we discuss the use of learning analytics in library environments including the benefits and concerns associated with its use. Finally, we discuss how we have used PII at our institution’s library and the data metrics we plan utilize at some point in the future. 相似文献
15.
Due to the time commitment on the part of the librarian to schedule, prepare, and execute effective research consultations, it is important to continue to evaluate how these consultations impact student learning. The purpose of this investigation was to assess graduate students' perceptions of their learning as a result of working individually with a librarian in a research consultation. A librarian and a member of the teaching faculty collaborated to embed required research consultations with the librarian in two graduate classes. Research journals and a focus group were used to assess the impact the consultations had on student learning. 相似文献
16.
In many realistic settings of expert finding, the evidence for expertise often comes from heterogeneous knowledge sources.
As some sources tend to be more reliable and indicative than the others, different information sources need to receive different
weights to reflect their degrees of importance. However, most previous studies in expert finding did not differentiate data
sources, which may lead to unsatisfactory performance in the settings where the heterogeneity of data sources is present.
In this paper, we investigate how to merge and weight heterogeneous knowledge sources in the context of expert finding. A
relevance-based supervised learning framework is presented to learn the combination weights from training data. Beyond just
learning a fixed combination strategy for all the queries and experts, we propose a series of discriminative probabilistic
models which have increasing capability to associate the combination weights with specific experts and queries. In the last
(and also the most sophisticated) proposed model, the combination weights depend on both expert classes and query topics,
and these classes/topics are derived from expert and query features. Compared with expert and query independent combination
methods, the proposed combination strategy can better adjust to different types of experts and queries. In consequence, the
model yields much flexibility of combining data sources when dealing with a broad range of expertise areas and a large variation
in experts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that designs discriminative learning models to rank experts.
Empirical studies on two real world faculty expertise testbeds demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed
discriminative learning models. 相似文献
17.
Research has highlighted the vast gulf that exists between experts' and novices' understandings of science, and how difficult it is to bridge this gulf. When this research is applied to the design of museum exhibits and outreach material, it becomes clear that there is a tension between being scientifically correct and communicating effectively to a broad, diverse audience. In this paper we present a new approach to thinking about science learning in museums. Drawing on decades of research from the learning sciences, we argue that being “wrong” is an inescapable part of learning, and that not all simplifications are problematic. Instead, being “wrong” involves the gradual restructuring of many fine‐grained intuitive or commonsense notions that persist throughout the learning process and play an essential role in scientific expertise. We discuss the implications of adopting this approach for museum design. 相似文献
18.
19.
Mary O'Kelly 《International Information and Library Review》2017,49(3):225-229
The members of our communities interact with library services, resources, and spaces through a number of touchpoints. In academic libraries, those touchpoints often come through curricular and co-curricular activities. A critical goal of connecting our community to our library via the curriculum is to enhance student learning, which we address through internal activities, such as developing instruction plans and external activities, such as exhibits and workshops. We, then, design rigorous assessments and a multitude of program evaluation projects to measure howwell libraries contribute to student learning so that we can communicate the degree to which we meet that goal. This article is a reframing of that progression—defining our community, what we do for that community, why, and how well—as an invitation to challenge our assumptions about public services and community success. 相似文献
20.
秦健 《现代图书情报技术》2006,(1):44-46,9
元数据的应用需要开发适于所应用主题领域的规范词表来满足用户的检索需求，但目前对用户用什么词来进行查找却知之甚少。为了了解数字化教育图书馆用户在检索中使用什么样的词来进行查找，本文作者利用检索记录挖掘的方法来进行研究。在初步分析了40多万条检索记录中所含的100多万个检索词之后，作者重点分析了规范词在检索中被用户使用的情况，并且对比分析了哪些非规范词被用户使用.作者发现用户在查找信息的过程中对规范词的使用频率大大超过了非规范词的使用频率。对非规范词使用的进一步分析不仅可以提供补充更新规范词的来源，而且也可以为分析规范词非规范词之间建立对应的浯义关系提供重要的信息来源。 相似文献