Multicultural early childhood education: practices and challenges in Malaysia     

Hooi San Phoon  Melissa Ng Lee Yen Abdullah  Anna Christina Abdullah 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2013,40(5):615-632

Multicultural early childhood education is necessary in a culturally diverse country like Malaysia. Preschool teachers play an important role in implementing multicultural education in the classroom. This paper reports the findings of a self-report questionnaire involving 854 preschool teachers in Malaysia. The preschool teachers disclosed their current multicultural education practices as well as the challenges they encountered when implementing multicultural education. While the majority of teachers claimed that they implemented multicultural education, a closer examination revealed that most of them used the tourist or contribution approach which focuses on only the outward manifestations of a culture when dealing with multicultural education. The transformation or anti-bias approach was used by only a small number of teachers. The teachers identified some challenges in multicultural education implementation, such as lack of instructional resources and the lack of stakeholder support. Thus, it is important to ensure teachers develop more critical understandings of multicultural education through teacher education training and programs. Other efforts to help teachers overcome challenges in implementing multicultural education include producing and developing more instructional materials and learning aids, which are suitable for young children and appropriate for the local context. Preschool teachers also need stakeholders to give more support and to acknowledge the importance of implementing multicultural early childhood education.  相似文献   

Aging Successfully: A Four-Factor Model     

Pai-Lin Lee  William Lan  Tung-Wen Yen 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(3):210-227

The study was designed to validate a model for a successful aging process and examine the gender differences in the aging process. Three hundred twelve participants who were 65 or older completed a Taiwan Social Change Survey that measures four factors that define successful aging process: including physical, psychological, social support, and leisure activity. Structural equation modeling analysis shows in addition to the three supporting variables, leisure activities is a significant factor related to successful aging process. The findings of the study verified that the proposed model is well supported by the data and fits well for both female and male populations. The findings of the study also suggest that, for gerontological researchers, leisure activities of old people deserve their attention when helping the old generation age well.  相似文献   

Normative Growth Expectations Must Be Realistic: A Response to Phillips and Clarizio     

Wendy M. Yen 《Educational Measurement》1988,7(4):16-17

Phillips and Clarizio (1988) make a serious error In concluding that developmental standard score scales produce unrealistic expectations for growth of low-achieving students. The nature of their error is described in this response to their paper.  相似文献   

Education in China today     

Chen Ai Yen 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》1978,1(1):28-31

With a population of approximately 850 million living in an area of 9.6 million square kilometres, or the size of the United States of America or Europe, China's efforts to provide mass education since 1949 can only be described as impressive. Whether it is formal education or non-formal education, as educators in non-communist countries categorize education systems, China's education of the masses must be seen in the light of its role of “social reconstruction”. The vital role of education in accelerating economic growth is only a means to bring about reconstruction, not an end in itself as in other developing countries.  相似文献   

广西蜘蛛抱蛋属二新种     

方鼎  严克俭  曾玲 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1993,31(2):180-183

 Two new species of the genus Aspidistra are described from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. They are Aspidistra cavicola D. Fang et K.C. Yen and A.marginella D. Fang et L. Zeng.  相似文献   

Investigating the Consequential Aspects of Validity: Who Is Responsible and What Should They Do?     

Wendy M. Yen 《Educational Measurement》1998,17(2):5-5

Where do we stand today as the concept of the consequential aspect of validity gains maturity? What are the implications for the various stakeholders in the measurement enterprise?  相似文献   

The Effects of a Functional Three-dimensional (3D) Printed Knee Joint Simulator in Improving Anatomical Spatial Knowledge     

Bohong Cai  Kanagasuntheram Rajendran  Boon Huat Bay  Jieying Lee  Ching-Chiuan Yen 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(6):610-618

In recent decades, three-dimensional (3D) printing as an emerging technology, has been utilized for imparting human anatomy knowledge. However, most 3D printed models are rigid anatomical replicas that are unable to represent dynamic spatial relationships between different anatomical structures. In this study, the data obtained from a computed tomography (CT) scan of a normal knee joint were used to design and fabricate a functional knee joint simulator for anatomical education. Utility of the 3D printed simulator was evaluated in comparison with traditional didactic learning in first-year medical students (n = 35), so as to understand how the functional 3D simulator could assist in their learning of human anatomy. The outcome measure was a quiz comprising 11 multiple choice questions based on locking and unlocking of the knee joint. Students in the simulation group (mean score = 85.03%, ±SD 10.13%) performed significantly better than those in the didactic learning group, P < 0.05 (mean score = 70.71%, ±SD 15.13%), which was substantiated by large effect size, as shown by a Cohen’s d value of 1.14. In terms of learning outcome, female students who used 3D printed simulators as learning aids achieved greater improvement in their quiz scores as compared to male students in the same group. However, after correcting for the modality of instruction, the sex of the students did not have a significant influence on the learning outcome. This randomized study has demonstrated that the 3D printed simulator is beneficial for anatomical education and can help in enriching students’ learning experience.  相似文献   

The Challenge and Attainability of Goals for Adequate Yearly Progress     

Richard D. Schwarz  Wendy M. Yen  William D. Schafer 《Educational Measurement》2001,20(3):26-33

For standards-referenced assessment systems, there is a tension between setting high goals versus attainable ones for adequate yearly progress. The more relevant information that policymakers can consider in setting these goals, the more likely it will be that productive goals are set. Some strategies are presented here that can be used either singly or in combination to evaluate the level of rigor implied by these expectations. These strategies relate to understanding how likely it is, based on past experience, that a particular goal can be met.  相似文献   

Early Effects of Radical Position Legality in Chinese: An ERP Study     

Yen Na Yum  I-Fan Su  Sam-Po Law 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2015,19(6):456-467

This study aimed to investigate the timecourse and neural underpinnings of the coding of radical positions in Chinese character reading. To isolate effects of radical positions, four types of pseudocharacters were created in which the constituent radicals appeared in positions varying in probability of occurrence, that is, Unique, Dominant, Subordinate, or Illegal positions. Twenty native Chinese readers performed a character detection task where real characters were identified among pseudocharacters. The event-related potential data demonstrated that Illegal items were reliably distinguished from other pseudocharacter items within 100 ms, with larger P100 amplitudes at left posterior electrodes. At the N170, Illegal items elicited a smaller negativity than Unique items. In these time windows, pseudocharacter conditions in legal radical positions did not differ among themselves. The early timecourse effects suggested that radical position legality was detected at the initial stage of visual processing, which challenged theoretical models that assume primacy of position-general radical representations.  相似文献   

Assemble Collocation and Colligation in Chinese Writing Web Tools for New Immigrants in Taiwan     

Meg Lu  Chien Hui Lin  Tsung Yen Chuang  Tsun Ku  Chia Min Tsai 《美中教育评论》2011,(5):659-665

CSL （Chinese as a second language） learning is an emergency task in Taiwan, especially when more and more new immigrants joined in Taiwan. However, there are just a few new immigrants who can finish all language courses. For this reason, this research intends to provide a training system to assist new immigrants observing and learning the phrase structure. In this paper, the researchers design a system which can help new immigrants to form Chinese sentences by applying colligation and collocation technology.  相似文献