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Bohong Cai Kanagasuntheram Rajendran Boon Huat Bay Jieying Lee Ching-Chiuan Yen 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(6):610-618
In recent decades, three-dimensional (3D) printing as an emerging technology, has been utilized for imparting human anatomy knowledge. However, most 3D printed models are rigid anatomical replicas that are unable to represent dynamic spatial relationships between different anatomical structures. In this study, the data obtained from a computed tomography (CT) scan of a normal knee joint were used to design and fabricate a functional knee joint simulator for anatomical education. Utility of the 3D printed simulator was evaluated in comparison with traditional didactic learning in first-year medical students (n = 35), so as to understand how the functional 3D simulator could assist in their learning of human anatomy. The outcome measure was a quiz comprising 11 multiple choice questions based on locking and unlocking of the knee joint. Students in the simulation group (mean score = 85.03%, ±SD 10.13%) performed significantly better than those in the didactic learning group, P < 0.05 (mean score = 70.71%, ±SD 15.13%), which was substantiated by large effect size, as shown by a Cohen’s d value of 1.14. In terms of learning outcome, female students who used 3D printed simulators as learning aids achieved greater improvement in their quiz scores as compared to male students in the same group. However, after correcting for the modality of instruction, the sex of the students did not have a significant influence on the learning outcome. This randomized study has demonstrated that the 3D printed simulator is beneficial for anatomical education and can help in enriching students’ learning experience. 相似文献
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S. Sabesan G. Rajendran N. Pradeep Kumar 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1997,12(1):36-38
Three species of Mansonioides vectors viz.,Ma. annulifera, Ma. uniformis andMa. indiana were found in Cherthala taluk, Kerala which is one of the endemic areas due toB. malayi. The immatures of Mansonioides thrive mainly in association with macrophytic hydrophytes such asP. stratiotes, S. molesta andE. crassipes in perennial habitats (ponds, channels/ canals etc.,) andI. miliaceae in seasonal habitats (fallow lands etc.) Breeding potential was higher (130.19) in clean ponds withP. stratiotes, compared to that of polluted ones (40.69). However, the polluted habitats infested with the same host plants were found to be the most productive forMa. annulifera, with an average daily adult emergence rate of 601/100 sq.m.). The clean habitats played a major role in the contribution ofMa. uniformis, whereS. molesta in the perennial habitats and I. miliaceae in the seasonal fallow lands were the favourable plants contributing a daily output of 12.5/100 sq.m and 221.81/100 sq.m. respectively.E. crassipes infested polluted habitats formed the major source forMa. indiana, the emergence rate being 13.89/100 sq.m. The perennial habitats supported mainly the breeding ofMa. annulifera (70.82%), whereas the seasonal habitats contributed the major chunk ofMa. uniformis (92.54%) andMa. indiana (71.43%). The bionomics of Mansonioides mosquitoes are thus shown to be greatly influenced by the community structure of hydrophytes and also the nature of breeding habitats. 相似文献
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Advanced approaches to the construction of software systems can present difficulties to learners. This is true for multi-agent systems (MAS) which exhibit concurrency, non-determinacy of structure and composition and sometimes emergent behavior characteristics. Additional barriers exist for learners because mainstream MAS technology is young and design methodologies are still evolving. This paper considers the benefits and difficulties associated with teaching/learning agent technology and recommends an approach used by the authors. The paper examines Agent UML - a set of proposed extensions to UML to facilitate MAS design but suggests that simpler design tools are more appropriate for novice MAS programmers. A small suite of preferred tools are presented. 相似文献
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Kusala Rajendran 《Resonance》2018,23(3):337-353
Earthquakes occur as the natural outcome of the processes that govern a dynamic planet, one that supports plate motions. The internal structure of the Earth that can sustain the convective -ow of the mantle and the presence of a strong, fractured outer shell, the lithosphere that can glide over the underlying asthenosphere are important components of the plate tectonic framework, and therefore, the global distribution of earthquakes. With an introduction to the ideas of plate tectonics and earthquake terminology, this article introduces the significance of the India-Eurasia plate boundary and its seismic productivity. The most active continent-continent collision boundary on the Earth defined by the Himalaya and the Andaman-Sumatra subduction zone are part of this plate boundary. Parts of the Indian continental interior regions are also noted for some destructive earthquakes. This article provides a brief overview of the background processes, terminology, and some highlights on Indian earthquakes studies, and points to academic opportunities in the area of earthquake studies. 相似文献
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Ahmad Kamal Mohd Natar Rajendran Nagappan Husna Ahmad Ainuddin Ghazali Masuri Chandra Kannan K. Thanapalan 《Educational gerontology》2015,41(1):27-40
Current cognitive screening tests are difficult to use due to their deficit in cultural and conceptual significance and translation into other languages. The purpose of this study was to translate the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment for Geriatrics (LOTCA-G) into Malay language and test its reliability and validity for assessing cognitive deficit among institutional elderly who undergo occupational therapy. The study was based on a single group test–retest design of 52 selected subjects (among the elderly). Cronbach's alpha values were used to examine the reliability of the instrument. Convergent validity was also assessed by comparing the adapted Malay version to the original English version for any inconsistencies and abnormality in interpretation. This study concluded that the Malay version of the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment for Geriatrics is reliable as the overall Cronbach's alpha value was more than .90. This study also indicated that both the adapted Malay version and the original English versions of the instruments were consistent in their performance in cognitive components. The findings pointed out that the Malay version of the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment for Geriatrics is appropriate and reliable in identifying deficits in cognitive components in relation to occupational performance for the Malaysian elderly population. 相似文献
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