The effects of attentional focus instructions on punching velocity and impact forces among trained combat athletes     

Israel Halperin  Dale W. Chapman  David T. Martin  Chris Abbiss 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(5):500-507

Research indicates that instructing athlete’s to focus on bodily movements (internal focus of attention [IFA]) may hinder performance, whereas instructing them to focus on the movement outcome (external focus of attention [EFA]) often enhances performance. Despite the importance of instructions in striking combat sports, limited research has examined the influence of IFA and EFA on performance in well-trained combat athletes. This study investigated the effects of different instructional cues on punching velocity (m · s^?1) and normalised impact forces (N · kg^?1) among intermediate (n = 8) and expert (n = 7) competitive boxers and kickboxers. Athletes completed three rounds of 12 maximal effort punches delivered to a punching integrator on three separate days. Day one was a familiarisation session with only control instructions provided. In the following two days athletes randomly received IFA, EFA or control instructions prior to each of the three rounds. Athletes punching with EFA were 4% faster and 5% more forceful than IFA (P < 0.05), and 2% faster and 3% more forceful than control (P < 0.05). Furthermore, experts punched 11% faster and with 13% greater force compared with intermediate athletes (P < 0.05). EFA led to a positive effect on punching performance and should be favoured over IFA and control instructions.  相似文献   

The influence of cycling intensity upon cognitive response during inferred practice and competition conditions     

Michael J. Duncan  Neil D. Clarke  Martin Cox  Mike Smith 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(19):1865-1871

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Albert Schweitzer’s Legacy for Education: Reverence for Life     

Mike W. Martin 《History of education》2015,44(2):247-249

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Brilliant ideas for using ICT in the classroom     

Martin Miles 《Educational Psychology in Practice》2015,31(3):328-329

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Thermoneutral immersion exercise accelerates heart rate recovery: A potential novel training modality     

Mauricio Garzon  Olivier Dupuy  Laurent Bosquet  Anil Nigam  Alain Steve Comtois  Martin Juneau 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(3):310-316

This study compared heart rate recovery (HRR) after incremental maximal exercise performed at the same external power output (P_ext) on dry land ergocycle (DE) vs. immersible ergocycle (IE). Fifteen young healthy participants (30?±?7 years, 13 men and 2 women) performed incremental maximal exercise tests on DE and on IE. The initial P_ext on DE was 25?W and was increased by 25?W/min at a pedalling cadence between 60 and 80?rpm, while during IE immersion at chest level in thermoneutral water (30°C), the initial P_ext deployment was at a cadence of 40?rpm which was increased by 10?rpm until 70?rpm and thereafter by 5?rpm until exhaustion. Gas exchange and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously during exercise and recovery for 5?min. Maximal HR (DE: 176?±?15 vs. IE 169?±?12?bpm) reached by the subjects in the two conditions did not differ (P?>?.05). Parasympathetic reactivation parameters (ΔHR from 10 to 300?s) were compared during the DE and IE HR recovery recordings. During the IE recovery, parasympathetic reactivation in the early phase was more predominant (HRR at Δ10–Δ60?s, P?<?.05), but similar in the late phase (HRR at Δ120–Δ300?s, P?>?.05) when compared to the DE condition. In conclusion, incremental maximal IE exercise at chest level immersion in thermoneutral water accelerates the early phase parasympathetic reactivation compared to DE in healthy young participants.  相似文献   

Climate change and renewable energy     

Martin Schönfeld 《Metascience》2014,23(2):391-397

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United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1912–1931: The Official Results by State and County Michael J. Dubin. Jefferson,NC: McFarland, 2013.          下载免费PDF全文

Martin J. Manning 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2015,38(3):325-326

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从“学训矛盾”到“学训制度”——基于单位体制转型的视角     

万炳军  王迪  路东升 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(12):6-13

摘要：社会转型中运动员发展的“单位”空间被日益挤压，使学训矛盾突破“单位”限制成为行业化的社会矛盾。为此，主要采用制度分析法、文献资料法，以单位体制转型为视角系统的辨识了学训矛盾生成的制度机制，批判了学训矛盾的泛“单位”化认识。研究认为：在单位体制转型期中，运动员的发展已脱离原有单位体制的资源供给，形成了多元主体与多元制度共存的培养体系，而学训矛盾成为这一多元培养体系的关键问题和发展动力；学训矛盾正是在单位体制转型过程中发生了制度性激化与演化，形成新的态势，使运动员的发展具有复杂的制度性风险机制；以此为基础，从运动员发展需要出发，论证了创建学训制度的价值内涵，并在其中阐述了学训制度促使运动员培养体制的变迁方式。目的在于，打破人们对学训矛盾认识的“单位”壁垒及其化解的合理化困境，转换到基于运动员个体发展的“学训制度”的化解策略上来。  相似文献   

户籍制度改革背景下农民工就业与社会保障的问题研究     

李迪 《湖北函授大学学报》2016,(5):70-71,107

户籍制度的改革涉及到城乡之间基本公共产品和服务,由于城乡资源配置的不同甚至城区之间资源分配的不同,导致户籍制度的改革面临着重重阻碍。在户籍制度改革背景下,进城务工农民的身份发生了巨大变化,与农民工自身关系密切的就业与社会保障问题愈发凸显。本文通过梳理户籍改革的历史进程和总结近年来户籍制度改革所取得的成果,将农民工在户籍制度改革背景下的就业与社会保障问题进行研究和探讨。  相似文献   

Scandal Reporting and Business Outcomes,Welfare Effects from Internet Access,and Welfare Effects from Public Broadcasting     

Hugh J. Martin  Adam D. Rennhoff 《Journal of Media Economics》2016,29(1):1-3

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