Statut familial et inégalités face à la scolarisation à Madagascar     

Valérie Delaunay  Bénédicte Gastineau  Frédérique Andriamaro 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2013,59(6):669-692

The impact of family status in Madagascar on inequalities in schooling – In this article, in the context of generalised access to primary education and parity between girls and boys, we analyse data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2009 in Madagascar to examine inequalities in schooling related to children’s status in the family. The results confirm the protective benefit for children of living with their biological parents. Fostered children are disadvantaged, especially and increasingly so depending on whether they live with an uncle or aunt, with a distant relative or a non-relative. Conversely, children who reside in the home of a brother or sister are not disadvantaged, a result which reflects the role of elder children in family education strategies. Grandparents play a moderately positive role in schooling. The death of the father is an important factor in dropping out. Finally, children whose parent or parents are not household heads are disadvantaged in terms of schooling compared to children of household heads.  相似文献   

Forty Years of the Philosophy of Education in the Nordic Countries     

Sven Erik Nordenbo  Sirkka Hirsjärvi  Gudmundur Heidar Frímannsson  Lars Lovlie  Carl‐Anders Safstrom 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(3-4):365-396

  相似文献   

Unstable footwear as a speed-dependent noise-based training gear to exercise inverted pendulum motion during walking     

Frédéric Dierick  Anne-France Bouché  Mikaël Scohier  Clément Guille  Fabien Buisseret 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(24):2818-2826

ABSTRACT

Previous research on unstable footwear has suggested that it may induce mechanical noise during walking. The purpose of this study was to explore whether unstable footwear could be considered as a noise-based training gear to exercise body center of mass (CoM) motion during walking. Ground reaction forces were collected among 24 healthy young women walking at speeds between 3 and 6 km h^?1 with control running shoes and unstable rocker-bottom shoes. The external mechanical work, the recovery of mechanical energy of the CoM during and within the step cycles, and the phase shift between potential and kinetic energy curves of the CoM were computed. Our findings support the idea that unstable rocker-bottom footwear could serve as a speed-dependent noise-based training gear to exercise CoM motion during walking. At slow speed, it acts as a stochastic resonance or facilitator that reduces external mechanical work; whereas at brisk speed it acts as a constraint that increases external mechanical work and could mimic a downhill slope.  相似文献   

From Marin County's Seventies Clunker to the Durango World Championship 1990: A History of Mountain Biking in the USA     

Frédéric Savre  Jean Saint-Martin  Thierry Terret 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(11):1942-1967

Between the 1970s, during which several enthusiastic cyclists rode off-road, and the 1990s, during which the first Union Cycliste Internationale World Championship took place in Durango (Colorado), different steps contributed to the success of mountain bike in the US. Inventions took place throughout the period from Gary Fisher's mechanical improvements in 1975 to Joe Breeze's first specialized frames made in 1977. In the same fashion, the ‘Stumpjumper’ was sold on a large scale in 1982, making it the first industrially-produced mountain bike, which led to a new stage in terms of commercialization. The mountain bike opened a new market in the cycling industry and certainly became more financially accessible to a large number of people. This sport, which began in the US, became a worldwide outdoor sport in the last decade of the twentieth century when the Olympics welcomed it with open arms at the Atlanta Olympic Games.  相似文献   

The Challenges of Modern Sport to Ethics. From Doping to Cyborgs     

Francisco Javier López Frías 《体育哲学杂志》2013,40(3):413-417

  相似文献   

Dynamic Management of Digital Rights for Long-term Preservation:the Expert System Approach     

Fré  dé  ric MARTIN 《现代图书情报技术》2008,3(1):75-82

This presentation focuses on the complex issue of managing digital rights for long-term preservation. It describes the strategy and the methodology adopted within the SPAR project (French National Library), which rely on a special kind of knowledge-based system.  相似文献   

Conceptual change about outer space: how does informal training combined with formal teaching affect seventh graders’ understanding of gravitation?     

Sören Frappart  Valérie Frède 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2016,31(4):515-535

Concepts relating to outer space are difficult to grasp because we lack direct experience of this environment. We analysed students’ understanding of gravitation on Earth and beyond by testing the effect of training on it. In a pretest (T1), 28 seventh graders answered a questionnaire about space concepts. They all then underwent the same formal teaching at school, but half of them also went on a trip to a space museum. Students then responded to the questionnaire again (T2). We found that the students in the museum-going group made significant progress between T1 and T2. Most of them correctly predicted at T2 (unlike T1) that dropped stones would fall in planetary contexts. Moreover, the misconception linking air and gravity had disappeared by T2. We conclude that combining formal teaching with a trip to a museum helped the children in the present study to develop a more accurate scientific understanding of concepts that cannot be directly experienced.  相似文献   

Internationalisation of higher education: the gap between national policy‐making and institutional needs     

Bjørn Stensaker  Nicoline Frølich  Åse Gornitzka  Peter Maassen 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2008,6(1):1-11

The article discusses the impact of the growing emphasis on internationalisation on higher education institutions. Based on case studies of 12 Scandinavian universities and colleges, it is shown how issues related to internationalisation trigger processes of trying to enhance the institutional capacity for strategic decision‐making and institutional integration through processes of formalisation, centralisation and professionalisation. Based on the institutional history and tradition, strategic ability and institutional characteristics, the outcomes of this process still show a considerably degree of variation in the motives and institutional adaptation to internationalisation. In the conclusion, it is argued that future policy‐making in the field of internationalisation should pay attention to the diverse needs of higher education, and develop policies that allow more flexibility and autonomy at the institutional level.  相似文献   

Mothers’ and Fathers’ Autonomy-Supportive and Controlling Behaviors: An Analysis of Interparental Contributions     

Frédéric Guay  Catherine F. Ratelle  Stéphane Duchesne  Pascale Dubois 《Parenting, science and practice》2018,18(1):45-65

Objective. The goal of this study was to examine how mothers and fathers contribute to each other’s autonomy supportive and controlling behaviors toward their child. Design. The participants were heterosexual parental dyads from two prospective studies (Study 1, n = 289; Study 2, n = 202). Mothers and fathers completed questionnaires assessing their autonomy supportive and controlling behaviors toward their adolescent child. Results. In both studies, results from structural equation modeling revealed reciprocal partner effects where mothers’ autonomy support at Time 1 predicted fathers’ autonomy support at Time 2, and fathers’ autonomy support at Time 1 predicted mothers’ autonomy support at Time 2. Reciprocal partner effects were also observed for controlling behaviors. These reciprocal relations were not statistically different across mothers and fathers. Conclusions. These results provide support for interparental contributions regarding autonomy supportive and controlling parenting behaviors. Mothers and fathers should thus be aware that their parenting behaviors can be influenced by each other, including both positive and negative parenting behaviors.  相似文献   

The Concept of Metamorphosis and its Metaphors     

Catherine Bruguière  Olivier Perru  Frédéric Charles 《Science & Education》2018,27(1-2):113-132

The article examines a number of links between the metaphorical uses of the concept of metamorphosis in literature and the various changes of the meaning of the concept that took place at the beginning of the modern scientific age between the 17th and 19th centuries, a period during which the notion of metamorphosis resurfaced in conflict with evolutionist thinking. We present the extent to which the concept of animal metamorphosis, the object of multiple redefinitions over the course of this historical period, became the vector of a very strong metaphorical meaning, which emerged in the literature of the period and survives to this day in certain children’s storybooks belonging to what we term the genre of “realistic fiction”. We intend, from a pedagogical standpoint, to identify which specific attributes of these metaphors exist in those storybooks, and to gauge the extent to which those attributes contradict the scientific characteristics and fictional representations of the concept of metamorphosis.  相似文献