Promoting, protecting, and supporting normal birth          下载免费PDF全文

Lothian J 《The Journal of perinatal education》2004,13(2):1-5

In this professional paper, published by Lamaze International and reprinted here with permission, Lamaze International identifies six care practices-adapted from the work of the World Health Organization-that promote, protect, and support normal birth. The six care practices are: labor begins on its own; freedom of movement throughout labor; continuous labor support; no routine interventions; non-supine (e.g., upright or side-lying) positions for birth; and no separation of mother and baby with unlimited opportunity for breastfeeding. Evidence to support each care practice is presented. Health-care providers and places of birth are encouraged to adopt these care practices as standards of care. Additionally, women are encouraged to choose health-care providers and places of birth whose care practices promote, protect, and support normal birth.  相似文献   

Inequality and the school administrator     

John J. Lane 《The Urban Review》1983,15(3):177-186

The vision of the public schools as the “great equalizers” of society is as yet unfulfilled. One of the reasons why the schools have not achieved this goal is attributable, in part, to the administration of the public school system. This article examines the nature of school bureaucracy in light of the power it grants to some and denies to others. Second, it is shown that the nature of administrative acts can work to displace the goals society has set for the schools. Third, the political nature of school administration is examined. The article concludes with reference to several significant changes occurring in educational administration: “marketplace politics”; the productivity movement; and collective choice policymaking.  相似文献   

Subject index     

Jan-Erik Lane 《Higher Education》2003,46(4):555-556

Subject Index

Subject index  相似文献   

Variety of attitudes towards the comprehensive university     

Jan-Erik Lane  Hans Stenlund  Anders Westlund 《Higher Education》1982,11(4):441-474

Higher education policy-making may attempt far-reaching reform of the post-secondary system and its inherited institutions. It may be oriented towards the replacement of distinctions between the academic and the non-academic as well as the transformation of the traditional university concept by means of a new conception of the organization of the post-secondary sector, the comprehensive university. Higher education policy-making may display not only great ambition but also policy extravagance. Maybe the Swedish 1977 higher education reform is the most ambitious attempt so far to implement the notions inherent in the comprehensive university. Maybe the element of policy extravagance was at times most conspicuous in the extended period of policy-making in Sweden culminating in the 1977 reform bill as it was even suggested that the universities of Uppsala (1477) and Lund (1668) were to be officially designated Högskolan i Uppsala and Högskolan i Lund-Malmö respectively. It may be interesting to find out the attitudes of those responsible for the day-to-day operations of the universities and colleges. This article presents the results of the first national survey of Swedish teachers and researchers in so far as they pertain to the evaluation of the 1977 reform.  相似文献   

Treating abused children: Some clinical and research aspects of work carried out by the national advisory centre of the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children in the United Kingdom     

Judith Trowell  Raymond L. Castle 《Child abuse & neglect》1981,5(2):187-192

A study of the initial phase of intensive work with families indicated that whilst outreach techniques had dramatically reduced physical injury there was long-term distortion in the child's relationship with mother (parent) less amenable to change. The most recent phase of work has concentrated on direct treatment for the abused child, using a multidisciplinary team that includes a play specialist and child psychotherapist in addition to the social workers involved. Out of a total number of 66 children seen between April 1977 and December 1979 it was alarming to find that almost all were emotionally disturbed; even if the abuse did not reoccur they remained with considerable problems. The study highlights the degree of emotional disturbance suffered by these abused children and how they can be helped by focusing on their particular treatment needs. It is important to assess all children in the family situation and not to miss the quiet, depressed, withdrawn child who might not have been the subject of the initial referral. In some instances the needs of the child may outweigh those of the family and the focus of treatment must be on the child.  相似文献   

Book Reviews     

Roberts Braden  Judith K. Meyers 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1988,36(3):179-181

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Learning To Read Each Other: Black Female Graduate Students Share Their Experiences at a White Research I Institution     

Meca?R.?WilliamsEmail author  Denise?N.?Brewley  R.?Judith?Reed  Dorothy?Y.?White  Rachel?T.?Davis-Haley 《The Urban Review》2005,37(3):181-199

This paper uses Black Feminist Thought to explain the lived experiences of three Black female graduate students at a White Research I institution. Through mentoring from Black female professors, the students received instrumental and psychosocial support that helped them to navigate through their graduate level work. Common themes of identity, community service missions, and empowerment provides a thread that ties the student’s narratives together. We close by offering some suggestions for further research on the Black graduate experience and mentoring Black graduate students. Meca R. Williams, Denise N. Brewley, R. Judith Reed and Dorothy Y. White are affiliated with University of Georgia. Rachel T. Davis-Haley is affiliated with University of New Orleans.  相似文献   

Questions from our readers: commentary on "lamaze in the 21st century"          下载免费PDF全文

Lothian JA 《The Journal of perinatal education》2002,11(1):viii-viix

In response to Lamaze International's latest position paper, "Lamaze in the 21st Century," the author discusses the concept of normal birth and identifies the need for an advocacy effort in support of normal birth as the standard procedure.  相似文献   

Expert science teaching educational evaluation model (ESTEEM): Measuring excellence in science teaching for professional development     

Judith A. Burry-Stock  Rebecca L. Oxford 《Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education》1994,8(3):267-297

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An information-processing analysis of children's accuracy in predicting the appearance of rotated stimuli   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

R A Rosser  S S Ensing  P J Glider  S Lane 《Child development》1984,55(6):2204-2211

Children's ability to discriminate reflections and rotations of visual stimuli was examined using a kinetic imagery task. It was hypothesized that success would be related to the number and placement of orientation markers on the stimuli, as well as whether or not reflections had to be discriminated from simple rotations. 40 4- and 5-year-old children were directed to imagine how a stimulus would look if rotated to a specified location and asked to indicate the appearance of the reoriented stimulus by selecting the correct option from a number of foils. 48 of the items required only discrimination of a reoriented stimulus. The other 48 also required discrimination of a reflection of the reoriented stimulus. Stimuli differed in the number of orientation cues on the edges of the figures. Results revealed that prediction accuracy was associated with the existence of orientation markers on the stimuli, as well as age, sex, type of discrimination, and several interactions among the variables. Findings were discussed in comparison to a priori predictions based on an analysis of how children might use orientation information when performing mental rotation tasks.  相似文献