Reasoning strategies used by students to solve stoichiometry problems and its relationship to alternative conceptions,prior knowledge,and cognitive variables     

Luisa Rojas de Astudillo  Mansoor Niaz 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1996,5(2):131-140

Achievement in science depends on a series of factors that characterize the cognitive abilities of the students and the complex interactions between these factors and the environment that intervenes in the formation of students' background. The objective of this study is to: a) investigate reasoning strategies students use in solving stoichiometric problems; b) explore the relation between these strategies and alternative conceptions, prior knowledge and cognitive variables; and c) interpret the results within an epistemological framework. Results obtained show how stoichiometric relations produce conflicting situations for students, leading to conceptual misunderstanding of concepts, such as mass, atoms and moles. The wide variety of strategies used by students attest to the presence of competing and conflicting frameworks (progressive transitions, cf. Lakatos, 1970), leading to greater conceptual understanding. It is concluded that the methodology developed in this study (based on a series of closely related probing questions, generally requiring no calculations, that elicit student conceptual understanding to varying degrees within an intact classroom context) was influential in improving student performance. This improvement in performance, however, does not necessarily affect students' hard core of beliefs.  相似文献   

Prevalence and outcomes for parents with disabilities and their children in an Australian court sample     

Llewellyn G  McConnell D  Ferronato L 《Child abuse & neglect》2003,27(3):235-251

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to obtain sound prevalence and outcomes data on parents with disabilities and their children in statutory child protection proceedings. METHOD: The court files of all care and protection matters initiated by the statutory child protection authority and finalized in a 9-month period (n=285) at two Children's Courts in NSW, Australia were reviewed. RESULTS: Parents with disabilities featured in almost one-third of the cases (29.5%). Parental psychiatric disability was most prevalent at 21.8% followed by parental intellectual disability (mental retardation) at 8.8%. Significant associations were found between parental disability and court outcome with a disproportionately large number of children of parents with intellectual disability being made wards of the state. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate that parents with disabilities are significantly over-represented in statutory child protection proceedings and that the outcomes of these proceedings vary according to disability type.  相似文献   

Teachers negotiating discourses of gender (in) equality: the case of equal opportunities reform in Andalusia     

Mercedes Cubero  Mª Ángeles Rebollo  Rosario Cubero  Rafael García  Luisa Vega 《Gender and education》2015,27(6):635-653

This article is focused on the analysis of the narratives produced by a group of teachers, experts in coeducation, while they were discussing their everyday activities. They are responsible for the implementation of a Plan for Gender Equality in public secondary schools in Andalusia (Spain). This study is based on contributions about doing gender view, according to which gender is not an attribute of individuals, but a way of making sense of interactions and practising a complex system as functioning on three levels: sociocultural, interactional, and individual. We use these levels to understand gender culture in schools through teachers’ discourse. Our interest lies particularly in the meanings, contradictions, difficulties, and conflicts experienced by expert teachers in co-education. Our study was based on group discussions with teachers in charge of the plan for equal opportunities between women and men in school settings. Results show teachers’ conflicts about meanings and how they are supposed to apply the Equality Plan. We observed interactional levels during these conflicts and analysed how teachers construct and validate their discourse.  相似文献   

Identification of biomedical journals in Spain and Latin America     

Xavier Bonfill  Dimelza Osorio  Margarita Posso  Ivan Sol  Gabriel Rada  Ania Torres  Marcelo García Dieguez  Maricela Pia‐Pozas  Luisa Díaz‐García  Mario Tristn  Omar Gandarilla  David A. Rincn‐Valenzuela  Arturo Martí  Ricardo Hidalgo  Daniel Simancas‐Racines  Luis Lpez  Ricardo Correa  Antonieta Rojas‐De‐Arias  Csar Loza   scar Gianneo  Hector Pardo   《Health information and libraries journal》2015,32(4):276-286

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Improving health communication
Supporting the practice of health communication     

Giovanna F. Miranda  Luisa Vercellesi  Edoardo Pozzi  Flavia Bruno 《Health information and libraries journal》2009,26(1):39-46

Background: Health authorities, hospitals, commercial enterprises, and mass media all deliver health and medical communication in different forms. With such a vast amount of biomedical and clinical information available, any action to ensure the spread of clinically relevant news items is welcome. Objectives: This paper tries to define a new role for health science librarians in improving medical communication and reporting. Methods: Literature relating to the health and medical reporting is analysed to identify major difficulties encountered by health communicators. Results: There are two areas where health science librarians can develop new roles in health communication: (i) supporting journalists and health communicators in selecting sources and understanding scientific papers, and (ii) directly translating scientific information into news items, supplying a list of products in this direction (i.e. targeted newsletters, media releases, news items). New skills and competencies needed to cope with the new roles are described in detail in a suggested academic curriculum for health communicators. Conclusions: A better understanding of the mass media's needs can provide much needed support in the field of health communication.  相似文献   

The innovative performance of firms in heterogeneous environments: The interplay between external knowledge and internal absorptive capacities     

Riccardo Crescenzi  Luisa Gagliardi 《Research Policy》2018,47(4):782-795

This paper investigates the link between firm-level innovative performance and innovation prone external environments where knowledgeable individuals tend to cluster. Organizational ambidexterity and absorptive capacities (potential and realized) make it possible for firms to leverage the availability of external knowledge and boost their innovation performance. The empirical analysis focuses on England and is based on a novel combination of Community Innovation Survey (CIS) firm-level data and patent data. The results show that only firms complementing potential and realized absorptive capacities are able to take advantage of favorable external environments by actively combining internal and external sources of knowledge.  相似文献   

INTERFACES BETWEEN SECONDARY AND HIGHER EDUCATION IN ITALY     

Luisa Ribolzi 《Higher Education in Europe》1987,12(2):50-53

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Benefits of achieving vigorous as well as moderate physical activity recommendations: Evidence from heart rate complexity and cardiac vagal modulation     

Luisa Soares-Miranda  Gavin Sandercock  Susana Vale  Pedro Silva  Carla Moreira  Rute Santos 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(10):1011-1018

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine differences in traditional heart rate variability measurements and heart rate complexity (sample entropy) in young adults grouped by objectively measured achievement of either moderate or both moderate and vigorous physical activity recommendations. Of 168 young adults tested (86 females, 82 males; age 20.5 ± 1.2 years), 119 achieved only recommendations for moderate physical activity (moderate group) and 49 achieved recommendations for both moderate and vigorous physical activity (vigorous group). Analysis of covariance controlling for sex, weekly minutes of moderate physical activity, and percentage of body fat was used to assess between-group differences in heart rate variability and heart rate complexity. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the group characteristics that best predicted high heart rate complexity and vagal indices of heart rate variability. The majority of the autonomic measures were higher (P < 0.05) in the vigorous group, and regression analysis showed that vigorous physical activity was the only multivariate predictor of higher heart rate complexity and higher heart rate variability. Young adults engaged in regular vigorous physical activity were more than twice as likely to have high heart rate complexity than those involved in predominantly moderate exercise. These findings suggest that vigorous physical activity is more closely associated with high heart rate complexity than moderate physical activity in young adults.  相似文献   

Consistency in teachers’ judgments     

Luisa Canal  Nicolao Bonini  Rocco Micciolo  Katya Tentori 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2012,27(3):319-327

Professional teachers at first stage of secondary school were asked to assess the relative weights of five dimensions that in Italy must be considered when the final grades of students are decided. The teachers were also asked to give an overall evaluation of two samples of typical (i.e., students who record similar performances on all the dimensions) vs. atypical students (i.e., students who exhibit poor performance on at least one dimension and good or excellent performances on the others). The results show that the teachers shared a weighting scheme for assessment of the importance of the five dimensions. However, their overall evaluations were consistent with this weighting scheme only with reference to typical students. When the teachers evaluated atypical students, their judgements were highly inconsistent. The paper briefly discusses the implications of these findings.  相似文献   

Graphing as a Means to Improve Middle School Science Learning and Mathematics-Related Affective Domains     

McHugh  Luisa  Kelly  Angela M.  Fisher  Jacqueline Horan  David Burghardt  M. 《Research in Science Education》2021,51(2):301-323

Research in Science Education - This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Mathematics Infusion into Science Project (MiSP), which integrated science and mathematics in an engaging middle school...  相似文献