Effects of maze geometry and experience on exploratory behavior in the rat     

H. J. Uster  K. Bättig  H. H. Nägeli 《Learning & behavior》1976,4(1):84-88

Rats were exposed twice in a rotated sequence to a series of six mazes, consisting of hexagonal alleys, balanced for different alley length and structural complexity. Locomotor activity increased with alley length and decreased with structural complexity of the mazes. Locomotion became less stereotyped with increased experience, showing an increasing number of turns, less constant velocity, loss of the initial preference for outward leading alleys and weakening of the forward tendency at reentry from side alleys into hexagonal alleys. In contrast to these qualitative changes of locomotion, the amount of activity remained almost unchanged throughout the experiment. The results suggest that these increases in locomotion complexity depend upon complex interactions between experience and stimulus content of the mazes.  相似文献   

The hyphen as a syllabification cue in reading bisyllabic and multisyllabic words among Finnish 1st and 2nd graders     

Tuomo Häikiö  Raymond Bertram  Jukka Hyönä 《Reading and writing》2016,29(1):159-182

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Combining issues of “girl-suited” science teaching,STS and constructivism in a physics textbook     

Professor Dr. Reinders Duit  Professor Dr. Peter Häussler  Dr. Roland Lauterbach  Professor Dr. Helmut Mikelskis  Professor Dr. Walter Westphal 《Research in Science Education》1992,22(1):106-113

This paper outlines the design of a physics textbook that addresses issues of gender-inclusive physics teaching, STS and constructivism. Difficulties of addressing these issues in a textbook for normal classes, which has to compete with other textbooks on the market will be discussed. Specializations: constructivist approaches in science education research and practice. Specializations: gender issues in science instruction. Specializations: primary education, integrated science. Specializations: STS, phenomenological oriented physics instruction. Specializations: peace education within science education.  相似文献   

Teacher Judgments of Student Reading and Math Skills: Associations With Child- and Classroom-Related Factors     

Eve Kikas  Piret Soodla  Katrin Mägi 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2018,62(5):783-797

The purpose of the study was to examine whether students’ linguistic skills and task-avoidant behavior (i.e., the child-related factors) and the mean level of academic skills (reading comprehension and math) of classmates (i.e., the class-related factor) are associated with teacher judgments of children’s reading comprehension and math skills. The participants were third-grade Estonian-speaking students (n?=?656; age 9?11 years) and their classroom teachers (n?=?51). The results of the structural equation modeling path analyses indicated that teachers tend to judge students showing higher academic and linguistic skills and lower avoidance behavior as higher on the reading comprehension and math skills. In contrast, the classmates’ higher academic skill level was related to lower judgments of individual children’s reading comprehension and math skills by teachers.  相似文献   

Early career teachers’ sense of professional agency in the classroom: associations with turnover intentions and perceived inadequacy in teacher–student interaction     

Lauri Heikonen  Janne Pietarinen  Kirsi Pyhältö  Auli Toom  Tiina Soini 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》2017,45(3):250-266

Teachers’ capacity to learn intentionally and responsively in the classroom is particularly vulnerable during the first years in the profession. This study investigated the interrelations between early career teachers’ turnover intentions, perceived inadequacy in teacher–student interaction, and sense of professional agency in the classroom. The survey data were collected from 284 in-service teachers with not more than 5 years of experience and analysed by structural equation modelling (SEM). The results showed that the negative relation between turnover intentions and early career teachers’ sense of professional agency was completely mediated by perceived inadequacy in teacher–student interaction. The results indicate that experiences of insufficient abilities to solve pedagogically and socially challenging student situations have a crucial effect on early career teacher’s capacity for adaptive reflection and active transformation of instruction.  相似文献   

Adolescents’ Social Networks: Exploring Different Patterns of Socio-Digital Participation     

Shupin Li  Lauri Hietajärvi  Tuire Palonen  Katariina Salmela-Aro  Kai Hakkarainen 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2017,61(3):255-274

The purpose of the study was to assess adolescents’ participation in various socio-digital activities by using a self-report questionnaire, a social networking questionnaire, and interviews. The participants (n?=?253) were grade 6–9 students from a multicultural lower-secondary school in Finland. Three profiles of socio-digital participation were identified: friendship oriented basic participators (n?=?161), gaming-oriented participators (n?=?61), and creative participators (n?=?31) intensively engaged in diverse socio-digital practices. The analyses revealed systematic differences in social networking relations as a function of adolescents’ social-digital participation profile and gender. The reciprocal values in hanging out, liking, and media multiplexity were highest for creative participators, whereas gaming-oriented participators were less socially active than their peers. The socio-digital expertise of creative participators was socially recognized by a larger group of peers than that of the other groups. The study produces methodological tools suitable for collecting systematic longitudinal data of socio-digital practices of larger groups of adolescents in future.  相似文献   

Literacy Through Photography: Multimodal and Visual Literacy in a Third Grade Classroom     

Angela M. Wiseman  Marita Mäkinen  Reijo Kupiainen 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2016,44(5):537-544

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The social functions of evaluation in Argentine and Finnish higher education     

Jussi Välimaa  Marcela Mollis 《Higher Education in Europe》2004,29(1):67-86

This article examines the traditional assumption that higher education evaluation systems follow a similar global format. Comparative study examines institutional evaluation and assessment processes in two nation‐states that are geographically and economically remote but which, historically, share a common civic perspective. The main research question of the study is: What are the similarities and differences in the social functions of evaluation and assessment between these two countries, the models of evaluation of which originate from the same “homogeneous model of institutional evaluation”? The study demonstrates that Finnish and Argentine models of evaluation are nationally and contextually bound by general ideas rather than being applications of a global model.  相似文献   

Predictors of psychological distress and positive resources among Palestinian adolescents: trauma, child, and mothering characteristics   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Qouta S  Punamäki RL  Montgomery E  El Sarraj E 《Child abuse & neglect》2007,31(7):699-717

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to examine how traumatic and stressful events, responses to violence, child characteristics, and mothering quality, as measured in middle childhood predict psychological distress and positive resources in adolescence. METHOD: The participants were 65 Palestinian adolescents (17+/-.85 years; 52% girls), who had been studied during the First Intifada (T1), during the Palestinian Authority rule (T2) and before the Second Al Aqsa Intifada (T3) in Gaza. Psychological distress was indicated by PTSD, and depressive symptoms and positive resources by resilient attitudes and satisfaction with quality of life, all measured at T3. The predictors that were measured at T1 were exposure to military violence, active coping with violence and children's intelligence, cognitive capacity, and neuroticism. Mothering quality and stressful life-events were measured at T2, the former reported by both the mother and the child, and the latter by the mother. RESULTS: Adolescents' PTSD symptoms were most likely if they had been exposed to high levels of traumatic and stressful experiences and had poor cognitive capacity and high neuroticism in middle childhood. Only high levels of childhood military violence and stressful life-events predicted high depressive symptoms and low satisfaction with quality of life in adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Military violence in childhood forms risks for both increased psychological distress and decreased positive resources. However, child characteristics such as cognitive capacity and personality are important determinants of psychological vulnerability in military trauma.  相似文献   

Shared Sense-making in Curriculum Reform: Orchestrating the Local Curriculum Work     

Janne Pietarinen  Kirsi Pyhältö  Tiina Soini 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2019,63(4):491-505

This study aims to gain a better understanding of the Finnish national curriculum reform by examining how the educational practitioners, at the district level, orchestrate the shared sense-making concerning the reform work in their school districts. Qualitative focus group data was collected from 12 groups, throughout Finland, that were responsible for orchestrating curriculum reform work at the district level. Results showed that curriculum reform steering groups recognized the importance of orchestrating shared sense-making. They strived to develop functional, context sensitive, and shared strategies for reform implementation across their districts. They employed a range of strategies for managing, navigating, and regulating the shared sense-making of the local curriculum work.  相似文献