Different types of compression clothing do not increase sub-maximal and maximal endurance performance in well-trained athletes     

Billy Sperlich  Matthias Haegele  Silvia Achtzehn  John Linville  Hans-Christer Holmberg  Joachim Mester 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(6):609-614

Abstract

Three textiles with increasing compressive surface were compared with non-compressive conventional clothing on physiological and perceptual variables during sub-maximal and maximal running. Fifteen well-trained endurance athletes (mean ± s: age 27.1 ± 4.8 years, [Vdot]O_2max 63.7 ± 4.9 ml · min^?1 · kg^?1) performed four sub-maximal (～70%[Vdot]O_2max) and maximal tests with and without different compression stockings, tights, and whole-body compression suits. Arterial lactate concentration, oxygen saturation and partial pressure, pH, oxygen uptake, and ratings of muscle soreness were recorded before, during, and after all tests. In addition, we assessed time to exhaustion. Sub-maximal (P = 0.22) and maximal oxygen uptake (P = 0.26), arterial lactate concentration (P = 0.16; 0.20), pH (P = 0.23; 0.46), oxygen saturation (P = 0.13; 0.26), and oxygen partial pressure (P = 0.09; 0.20) did not differ between the types of clothing (effect sizes = 0.00–0.45). Ratings of perceived exertion (P = 0.10; 0.15), muscle soreness (P = 0.09; 0.10) and time to exhaustion (P = 0.16) were also unaffected by the different clothing (effect sizes = 0.28–0.85). This was the first study to evaluate the effect on endurance performance of different types of compression clothing with increasing amounts of compressive surface. Overall, there were no performance benefits when using the compression garments.  相似文献   

Resource constraints as triggers of radical innovation: Longitudinal evidence from the manufacturing sector     

Marcus Matthias Keupp  Oliver Gassmann 《Research Policy》2013

Despite the significant role of radical innovation as a driver of firm growth and performance, the consequences of resource constraints for radical innovation outcomes remain unknown. Our paper addresses this gap. We combine arguments from entrepreneurship theory and the theory of recombinative innovation to construct an overarching theoretical framework that argues why resource constraints can promote, rather than impede, radical innovation. We then build hypotheses on two specific resource constraints, knowledge and financial, and test these by a lagged-variable random-effects Tobit model with longitudinal data from an exceptionally large and detailed innovation survey. Controlling for absorptive capacity, firm age, and firm growth, we find full support for the hypothesis that knowledge constraints spur radical innovation and partial support for the hypothesis that financial constraints spur radical innovation. We discuss the theoretical significance of these findings and point to managerial implications and paths for future research.  相似文献   

Considering the DMGT: something old,something new   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

John Baer  James C. Kaufman 《High Ability Studies》2004,15(2):149-150

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Synthesising case-study research – ready for the next step?     

Matthias Barth  Ian Thomas 《Environmental Education Research》2012,18(6):751-764

Within the emerging field of research on education for sustainability (EfS), case studies are an important if not the predominant research approach, although often criticised for its lack of internal and external validity and a tendency to draw conclusions with insufficient rigour. While, basic concerns have been expressed and discussed in an early issue of this journal, main assumption still hold true after more than 10 years of research in the field. Only a few approaches so far have tackled the challenge to provide cross-case comparison and the synthesis of case-study results still remains a research desideratum. In this paper, we argue that developments in the field of qualitative and quantitative meta-analysis in educational science offer a framework, which can be used to overcome that shortcoming. After describing the idea of research synthesis, different types of such a meta-analysis are identified and their potential is discussed for existing case studies in higher EfS. This paper concludes with recommendations for further case-study research in the field.  相似文献   

Institutional abuse of children in the Austrian Catholic Church: Types of abuse and impact on adult survivors’ current mental health     

Brigitte Lueger-Schuster  Viktoria KantorDina Weindl  Matthias KnefelYvonne Moy  Asisa ButolloReinhold Jagsch  Tobias Glück 《Child abuse & neglect》2014

The aim of this study was to explore the nature and dimensions of institutional child abuse (IA) by the Austrian Catholic Church and to investigate the current mental health of adult survivors. Data were collected in two steps. First, documents of 448 adult survivors of IA (M = 55.1 years, 75.7% men) who had disclosed their abuse history to a victim protection commission were collected. Different types of abuse, perpetrator characteristics, and family related risk factors were investigated. Second, a sample of 185 adult survivors completed the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-C) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Participants reported an enormous diversity of acts of violent physical, sexual, and emotional abuse that had occurred in their childhood. The majority of adult survivors (83.3%) experienced emotional abuse. Rates of sexual (68.8%) and physical abuse (68.3%) were almost equally high. The prevalence of PTSD was 48.6% and 84.9% showed clinically relevant symptoms in at least one 1 of 10 symptom dimensions (9 BSI subscales and PTSD). No specific pre-IA influence was found to influence the development of PTSD in later life (e.g. poverty, domestic violence). However, survivors with PTSD reported a significantly higher total number of family related risk factors (d = 0.33). We conclude that childhood IA includes a wide spectrum of violent acts, and has a massive negative impact on the current mental health of adult survivors. We address the long-term effects of these traumatic experiences in addition to trauma re-activation in adulthood as both bear great challenges for professionals working with survivors.  相似文献   

Book of the Month     

Walter S. Baer 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(8):114-115

Walter S. Baer's Cable Television: A Handbook for Decisionmaking (Santa Monica, Cal.: Rand Corporation, 1973 — $5.00, paper)  相似文献   

Telecommunications and Technology     

Charles J. Sippl  Charles P. Sippl  Walter S. Baer  Leland L. Johnson  Edward W. Merros  Lester G. Lindley 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(3):22-25

Charles J. Sippl and Charles P. Sippl's Computer Dictionary and Handbook (Indianapolis: Howard W. Sams, 1976---$16.95)

Walter S. Baer, Leland L. Johnson, and Edward W. Merros's Analysis of Federally Funded Demonstration Projects (Santa Monica, Calif.: Rand Corp., R-1925, 1926, 1927-DOC, April 1976---price not given, but likely about $20.00 or so for the set, paper)

Lester G. Lindley's The Constitution Faces Technology: The Relationship of the National Government to the Telegraph, 1866-1884 (New York: Arno Press, 1975--- $22.00)

Nick Lyons's The Sony Vision (New York: Crown, 1976---$7.95)

SMPTE Journal (SMPTE Publications Office, 862 Scarsdale Ave., Scarsdale, N.Y. 10583---$3.00 for single issues)

The Classic Radio Newsletter ($5.00 per year for six issues)

Cable Television Information Center's Social Services and Cable TV (Washington: National Science Foundation, 1976---$3.10, paper, from Government Printing Office)

Charles F. Phillips, Jr. (ed.) Competition and Regulation: Some Economic Concepts (Department of Economics, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va. 24450, 1976-43.00, paper)

Calvin A. Kent, Richard Oppedahl, and Lynn Stephens' Municipal Franchising and Regulation: An Evaluation of Policy-Related Research (Business Research Bureau, School of Business, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, S.D. 57069---price not given, paper)

Edward Hyde's The Phone Book: What the Telephone Company Would Rather You Not Know (Chicago: Henry Regnery Co., 1976---$7.95)

Public Policy as a Determinant of Market Structure: The case of the Specialized Communications Market by Peter D. Shapiro (September 1974, Working Paper 74-10, 177 pp.)

Glossary of Costing and Ratemaking Terms in the U.S. Postal Service and the American Telephone and Telegraph Company by Arlene Karlin (January 1976, Working Paper 76-2, 28 pp.)

The U.S. Mail Network: Who Pays, Who Plays by Gordon Emrie (April 1976, Working Paper 76-3, 148 pp.)  相似文献   

Statistical Models and Inference for the True Equating Transformation in the Context of Local Equating     

Jorge González B.  Matthias von Davier 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2013,50(3):315-320

Based on Lord's criterion of equity of equating, van der Linden (this issue) revisits the so‐called local equating method and offers alternative as well as new thoughts on several topics including the types of transformations, symmetry, reliability, and population invariance appropriate for equating. A remarkable aspect is to define equating as a standard statistical inference problem in which the true equating transformation is the parameter of interest that has to be estimated and assessed as any standard evaluation of an estimator of an unknown parameter in statistics. We believe that putting equating methods in a general statistical model framework would be an interesting and useful next step in the area. van der Linden's conceptual article on equating is certainly an important contribution to this task.  相似文献   

Reciprocal learning in partnership practice: an exploratory study of a home visiting program for mothers with depression     

Matthias Finger 《Studies in Continuing Education》2013,35(2):99-106

The paper proposes that the function and meaning of adult learning has significantly changed since the times the ‘founding fathers’ outlined a philosophical framework for adult education. And already for them the philosophy of conventional education never really seemed adequate. Likewise, a philosophy of adult education today–which is badly needed ‐‐ can no longer be derived from the philosophy of conventional education, and must be elaborated from bottom‐up, i.e. by understanding themeaning of learning for adult learners today as well as the function of adult learning in present society.  相似文献   

Personal belief in a just world, experience of teacher justice, and school distress in different class contexts     

Felix Peter  Claudia Dalbert  Nils Kloeckner  Matthias Radant 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2013,28(4):1221-1235

The study examined the meaning of personal belief in a just world and students’ experience of their teachers’ behavior toward them personally for school distress in different class contexts. The study involved 827 secondary school students from 61 classes (grades 9 to 11). Analyses revealed that the more the students believed in a personal just world, the more they felt their teachers’ behavior toward them personally to be just, and the less school distress they experienced; the association between belief in a just world (BJW) and school distress was partly mediated by students’ personal experience of teacher justice. These associations were stable across school tracks, schools, and classes. According to these results and the just world theory, a strong BJW seems to function as a rather context-independent personal resource for students, explaining their individual experience of teacher justice and school distress. Moreover, teacher justice seems to be a key feature of schools explaining students’ well-being at school.  相似文献