Gender and culture: Reported problems,coping strategies and selected helpers of male and female adolescents in 17 countries     

Gibson JT  Baker CE  Showalter SM  Al-sarraf Q  Atakan SA  Borgen WA  Guimaraes IR  Giusti-ortiz AL  Ishiyama FI  Robertson M 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1992,15(3):137-149

This is the second report of a multinational project undertaken in 1988 by the International Round Table for the Advancement of Counseling that sought, among other things, to compare and contrast the reported problems, coping strategies, and help-seeking behavior of 2129 male and 2307 female adolescents from a total of three different socioeconomic backgrounds in each of 16 countries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan Kuwait, the Netherlands, the Philippines, China, Puerto Rico, Turkey, the US, and Venezuela) and from a "classless" background in Russia. The first report described the study and research methodology and cited preliminary findings that 1) problems and coping strategies tended to be universal and age-related; 2) impoverished subjects from Brazil, India, the Philippines, and Venezuela had more problems than any other adolescents; 3) problems were usually related to school, family, and identity rather than to sexuality; and 4) the most common coping strategy was individual problem-solving. This report compares male/female identification of up to three problems that cause worry, response to such problems, and help-seeking behavior. All adolescents cited problems in school, identity, and family. Males and females reported similar coping strategies and showed a strong dependence on individual coping strategies. Both males and females choose personal friends and family members as those most likely to help with problems. Males exhibited a higher percentage of problems related to school and a lower percentage of family problems. Russian adolescents reported more problems relating to altruism than any other group, especially males. These results imply that strong similarities exist for males and females, and the findings are worrisome in that problems related to sexuality were not cited. Counselors should expect the concerns of adolescents to be developmentally related and to overwhelm gender differences.  相似文献   

The Enduring Quest for Equity in Education: Comparing Norway and Australia     

Nina Volckmar 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2019,63(4):617-631

It has been a key goal to achieve equity in education in Australia and Norway over the last 50 years. This article offers a historical case-oriented comparative analysis of the promotion of equity in education in these 2 countries. While equity in education is primarily understood as students’ learning outcomes in national and international tests, such as the OECD’s PISA studies, the analysis in this article is based on Espinoza’s distinction between equality and equity, which allows for a more complex understanding. The article investigates striking differences in how the governments in Australia and Norway have attempted to enhance equity through education, and discusses factors that may have impeded this process.  相似文献   

Up and Down the Ontological Tree: categories and semantic generalisation     

James Russell  Nina Hallowell 《教育心理学》1995,15(3):283-312

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Pedagogical work,stress regulation and work-related well-being among early childhood professionals in integrated special day-care groups     

Mari A. Nislin  Nina K. Sajaniemi  Margaret Sims  Eira Suhonen  Enrique F. Maldonado Montero  Ari Hirvonen 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2016,31(1):27-43

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between early childhood professionals’ (ECPs) stress regulation (using salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase [AA] measurements), work engagement and the quality of their pedagogical work in integrated special day-care groups. Participants were 89 ECPs from 21 integrated special day-care groups located in Helsinki, Finland. The special educational needs of children (who were between 3 and 6 years of age) in these groups varied from language disorders and self-regulation difficulties to severe disabilities. Data was collected by using work engagement surveys, salivary cortisol and AA measurements and observational assessments of pedagogical work. This study is novel, in that it combines approaches from different disciplines to investigate work-related well-being among ECPs. Our findings demonstrate the close relationship between ECPs’ stress regulation and the quality of pedagogical work in teams. Whilst ECPs’ high work engagement was associated with better-quality pedagogical work, we did not find any associations between different biomarkers and work engagement. Our study highlights the importance of teamwork, not only as fundamental to high-quality early childhood special education, but also in supporting the well-being of ECE professionals. The findings can be applied in future studies and can be used to inform intervention aiming to enhance working conditions in day-care centres.  相似文献   

Regulating readers' bodies: a discourse analysis of teachers' body talk     

Jessica Nina Lester  Rachael Gabriel 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2017,38(5):688-700

In this paper, we report findings from a discourse analysis study of reading instruction in eight primary/elementary school classrooms in the United States. Drawing upon discursive psychology, we specifically examined 96 hours of reading comprehension instruction, with a focus on how teachers talked about the body during the instruction and noted how this gave rise to particular constructions of what it means to be a ‘good’ reader and/or learner. We discuss two patterns from the analysis of our data, including: (1) emphasized versus embedded physical control as essential to being a ‘successful’ reader, and (2), implicit physical control and freedom as essential to literacy learning and to students' identities as readers. We conclude by highlighting implications, with a focus on student identity.  相似文献   

论英语移就的生成理据     

颜妮娜 《贵州教育学院学报》2004,20(3):91-93

移就属于一种超常规搭配的修辞方法。这种超常规搭配看似有违常理，实际有自己的生成规则。移就的生成规则主要体现在四个方面：1、以心理的重建为基础；2、依赖于句子的深层结构；3、修饰词与被修饰词之间相互关联；4、与新的语境相适应。  相似文献   

Parenting Practices and Peer Group Affiliation in Adolescence   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14  

B. Bradford Brown  Nina Mounts  Susie D. Lamborn  Laurence Steinberg 《Child development》1993,64(2):467-482

Social scientists have often assumed that parental influence is sharply curtailed at adolescence because of the rising counterinfluence of peer groups, over which parents have little control. The present study tested a conceptual model that challenged this view by arguing that parents retain a notable but indirect influence over their teenage child's peer associates. Data from a sample of 3,781 high school students (ages 15–19) indicated that specific parenting practices (monitoring, encouragement of achievement, joint decision making) were significantly associated with specific adolescent behaviors (academic achievement, drug use, self-reliance), which in turn were significantly related to membership in common adolescent crowds (jocks, druggies, etc.). Findings encourage investigators to assess more carefully parents' role in adolescents' peer group affiliations.  相似文献   

Measuring the international standing of universities with an application to Australian universities     

Ross Williams  Nina Van Dyke 《Higher Education》2007,53(6):819-841

Globalisation has meant an increased demand from students, employers, and academics for indicators of the international academic standing of universities. In this paper we examine the broad methodological issues involved in measuring international academic standing and apply our conclusions to data for 38 Australian universities. Determinants of the international academic standing of universities are grouped into six broad categories: standing of academic staff, quality of undergraduate intake, quality of undergraduate programs, quality of graduate programs, resources, and peer opinion. The relative importance of each of these attributes is ascertained though a worldwide survey of university presidents, rectors and vice-chancellors plus Australian deans, thus reducing the need for subjective weighting by the researchers. The empirical findings are used to weight quantitative performance data for Australian universities and the results compared with two other recent worldwide rankings of universities.  相似文献   

Metaphors,discourse and identity in adult literacy policy     

Nina Taylor 《Literacy》2008,42(3):131-136

This paper discusses the metaphors and discourses employed in the current Skills for Life Strategy in terms of the identity of potential adult literacy learners. It argues that metaphors and discourses are necessarily value laden and reflect the beliefs of those with authority to influence others. The current Strategy, it is argued, is based on a discourse of deficit, outcomes and employability that positions adult literacy learners as ‘depersonalised others’.  相似文献   

学术期刊网络信息EPR系统构建   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨松堤  杨卫农  徐放  范越  胡妮娜 《编辑学报》2007,19(6):436-438

根据业务流程再造的思想,利用平台开发软件Cold fusion MX7.0的强大功能,构建学术期刊网络信息编辑流程再造系统.提出实现编辑流程再造的技术框架方案,着重论述该系统核心模块审稿流程和完整的三方(作者、编辑、审稿专家)一体化在线协作处理功能,以适应编辑模式向流程化、规范化、科学化、全球化方向转变的需要.  相似文献