CHRONICLE OF SCHOOL INTEGRATION September‐October, 1964     

Stephen J. Roth 《Equity & Excellence in Education》2013,46(6):3-7

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Phasing science InSET in developing countries: reflections on the experience of the Primary Science Programme in South Africa     

Stephen Harvey 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(6):595-609

In many developing countries attempts to develop the quality of science education stress the importance of inservice education and training (InSET). This article focuses on how such InSET should be phased through time for maximum effect. Several theoretical models that describe and explain stages in the processes of professional learning or educational development are reviewed. Their relevance in informing the planning of science InSET is reviewed in the light of the experience of the Primary Science Programme (PSP) in South Africa. Two main criticisms of existing models are made: 1. They neglect language development as a crucial factor limiting the development of teaching styles especially where pupils are learning in a second language. 2. There are flaws in the way that the recommendations of models have been combined in existing synthesis models. Finally a synthesis model for the phasing of science InSET is proposed.  相似文献   

Looking for ideas: observation,interpretation and hypothesis-making by 12-year-old pupils undertaking science investigations     

Stephen P. Tomkins  Sue Dale Tunnicliffe 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(8):791-813

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The JBJS Peer‐Review Scoring Scale: A valid,reliable instrument for measuring the quality of peer review reports          下载免费PDF全文

Stephen R. Thompson  Julie Agel  Elena Losina 《Learned Publishing》2016,29(1):23-25

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Examining the “Blanket of Protection” Conferred by Inoculation: The Effects of Inoculation Messages on the Cross-protection of Related Attitudes     

Kimberly A. Parker  Stephen A. Rains  Bobi Ivanov 《Communication monographs》2016,83(1):49-68

Although the effectiveness of inoculation as a strategy for promoting resistance to attitude change is fairly well established, the potential of inoculation messages to offer cross-protection for related, but untreated, attitudes warrants additional attention from scholars. The reported study tested the “blanket of protection” conferred by inoculation. Participants (N = 118) were randomly assigned to read an inoculation message addressing a target topic and subsequently had their attitudes toward three related, but untreated, topics attacked. The results offer some evidence that inoculation messages can confer cross-protection for related attitudes. Participants in the inoculation condition reported greater perceptions of threat, greater counterarguing, and less attitude change in response to attacks than participants in the control condition for two of the three untreated topics. Counterarguing in response to attacks on untreated attitudes appears to be primarily responsible for cross-protection.  相似文献   

The effect of 14 weeks of vitamin D3 supplementation on antimicrobial peptides and proteins in athletes     

Cheng-Shiun He  William D. Fraser  Jonathan Tang  Kirsty Brown  Stephen Renwick  Jay Rudland-Thomas 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(1):67-74

Heavy training is associated with increased respiratory infection risk and antimicrobial proteins are important in defence against oral and respiratory tract infections. We examined the effect of 14 weeks of vitamin D₃ supplementation (5000 IU/day) on the resting plasma cathelicidin concentration and the salivary secretion rates of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), cathelicidin, lactoferrin and lysozyme in athletes during a winter training period. Blood and saliva were obtained at the start of the study from 39 healthy men who were randomly allocated to vitamin D₃ supplement or placebo. Blood samples were also collected at the end of the study; saliva samples were collected after 7 and 14 weeks. Plasma total 25(OH)D concentration increased by 130% in the vitamin D₃ group and decreased by 43% in the placebo group (both P = 0.001). The percentage change of plasma cathelicidin concentration in the vitamin D₃ group was higher than in the placebo group (P = 0.025). Only in the vitamin D₃ group, the saliva SIgA and cathelicidin secretion rates increased over time (both P = 0.03). A daily 5000 IU vitamin D₃ supplement has a beneficial effect in up-regulating the expression of SIgA and cathelicidin in athletes during a winter training period, which could improve resistance to respiratory infections.  相似文献   

The effects of physical contact type on the internal and external demands during a rugby league match simulation protocol     

Jonathan P. Norris  Jamie Highton  Stephen F. Hughes  Craig Twist 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(19):1859-1866

The aim of this study was to investigate how the type of contact influences physiological, perceptual and locomotive load during a simulated rugby league match. Eleven male university rugby league players performed two trials of the rugby league movement simulation protocol for interchange forwards with a traditional soft tackle bag and a weighted tackle sled to replicate contact demands. The interchange forward-specific simulation was chosen given the contact frequency is higher for this group of players compared to whole match players. Locomotive rate, sprint speed, tackle intensity, heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion were analysed during the first and second bouts that replicated two ~23 min on-field passages. Countermovement jump (CMJ) was measured before and immediately after each trial. More time was spent in heart rate zone between 91 and 100% HR_peak during the first (effect size ± 90% confidence interval: 0.44 ± 0.49) and second bouts (0.44 ± 0.43), and larger (0.6 ± 0.69) decrements in CMJ performance were observed during the sled trial (5.9, s = 4.9%) compared to the bag trial (2.6, s = 5.4%). Changing the type of contact during the match simulation subtly altered both the internal and external loads on participants. Using a standard tackle bag results in faster sprint speed to contact, but lower overall high-intensity running. Conversely, a heavier tackle object increases the internal load and results in greater lower limb neuromuscular fatigue as reflected by the decrease in CMJ performance.  相似文献   

Reassessing the People's Choice: Revisiting a Classic and Excavating Lessons for Research About Media and Voting     

Stephen Lacy  Michael Stamm 《Mass Communication and Society》2016,19(2):105-126

This article reassesses The People's Choice by Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet, one of the foundations of communication and voting behavior research. As with most classics, which are often cited but seldom read, we believe this book has much to teach contemporary social scientists. We return to the original context of the research and use voting data from the period with three broad goals: (a) to find ideas and lessons from this work that generally have been overlooked, (b) to suggest new ways of applying these ideas, and (c) to encourage scholars to engage more with this seminal work to understand ideas that are often overlooked when a complex piece of research is reduced to a brief discussion or passing citation.  相似文献   

Observations on the temporal correlates of reading failure     

Raymond M. Klein 《Reading and writing》2002,15(1-2):207-231

The definitions of developmental dyslexia andtemporal processing are discussed and severalconstruals of what a temporal processingdeficit might entail are illustrated. Then,using a framework developed by Farmer & Klein(1995), the proposal that a temporal processingdeficit (in vision, audition, or both) might bethe root cause of some proportion of cases ofdevelopmental dyslexia is introduced andvarious research strategies for testing thisproposal are identified. The symposium paperswhich address this general question using arange of these strategies are then criticallyreviewed. It is noted that whereas reading isa recent artifact not yet subject to any directselection pressure, its normal performancerequires the use of, and connections between,the highly evolved modules for visual patternrecognition and language. Within vision andlanguage redundant coding, which permitsperformance in the face of injuries anddegraded input, also makes it difficult todetect subtle deficits (whether temporal, ornot) unless precise tests are used. Yet suchdeficits may degrade performance on tasks (suchas reading) which require the non-copiousconnections between vision and language. Theefficacy of this pathway, I suggest, ismeasured by performance on the rapidautomatized naming (RAN) test.  相似文献   

Building a Foundation for the Use of Historical Narratives     

Don Metz  Stephen Klassen  Barbara McMillan  Michael Clough  Joanne Olson 《Science & Education》2007,16(3-5):313-334

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