The relationship between behavior at school entry and services received in third grade     

Tara Kulkarni  Amanda L. Sullivan 《Psychology in the schools》2019,56(5):809-823

Recent studies report the cumulative prevalence of behavioral disorders among school‐age children to be second only to anxiety disorders. Unfortunately, by the time behavior has been identified as needing special education services, patterns of disruptive and externalizing behavior have often become unremitting. If at‐risk behavior can be reliably identified at school entry, there is potential to intervene early to reduce severity and chronicity of behavior. Thus, with the aid of a nationally representative sample (n = 17,490), this study aimed to ascertain if teacher‐observed disruptive behavior in kindergarten predicted children’s categorical identification for special education and receipt of behavior goals in their individualized education plans in third grade. Results indicated externalizing behaviors and approaches to learning at school entry, predicted identification with emotional disturbance, and other health impairment due to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in third grade. In addition, externalizing behaviors at school entry increased the likelihood of a child receiving an individualized education plan with an appropriate behavior goal. Self‐control was not a significant predictor of any outcome. Finally, the covariates of sex, reading achievement, and race at school entry were significantly associated with a child’s need for behavior‐related services. Implications for early intervention are discussed.  相似文献   

Differences in feeding ecology predict differences in performance between golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia) and Wied’s marmosets (Callithrix kuhli) on spatial and visual memory tasks     

Michael L. Platt  Elizabeth M. Brannon  Tara L. Briese  Jeffrey A. French 《Learning & behavior》1996,24(4):384-393

Golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia) and Wied’s marmosets (Callithrix kuhli) exhibited adaptive differences in performance on several distinct memory tasks. On both an open-field analogue of a radial arm maze and a spatial delayed matching-to-sample task, the marmosets performed better than the tamarins after short (5-min) retention intervals, but only the tamarins continued to perform above chance after long (24- or 48-h) retention intervals. The marmosets also required less training than the tamarins did to learn a color memory task, but again only the tamarins performed above chance when the retention interval was increased to 24 h. The results of these experiments are consistent with predictions based on knowledge of the feeding ecology of these species in the wild and raise the possibility that they possess different visuospatial memory abilities specialized for tracking the spatial and temporal distribution of their principal foods.  相似文献   

Library Study Behaviors in the Age of Ubiquitous Mobile Devices: An Observational Study in Four Academic Libraries     

Amy Catalano  Lawrence Paretta  Claudia McGivney  Tara King 《The Reference Librarian》2014,55(4):328-342

In this study, researchers observed student study behaviors in the libraries of four post-secondary institutions. In all, 2,773 observations were made. This research replicates and expands an earlier study and addresses its limitations. The results of a logistic regression test indicate whether students had a mobile device readily available and where students chose to study in the library best predicted whether they demonstrated a study, as opposed to a non-study, behavior. Specifically, if students were found in quiet study or computer areas, they were more likely to be performing study behaviors. This research has implications for library stakeholders making decisions about the use of library space. Most importantly, this research demonstrates that library spaces are widely used for diverse purposes.  相似文献   

The Cook,the Marquis,his Wife,and her Maids: The Use of Dramatic Characters in Peter Greenaway’s Peopling the Palaces as a Way of Interpreting Historic Buildings     

Tara Chittenden 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2011,54(3):261-278

Abstract As curators endeavour to offer new opportunities to look again at museum collections and heritage sites, technological interventions such as Peter Greenaway’s Peopling the Palaces (2007–2010) demonstrate a powerful way of giving voice and emotional realism to historic spaces. Peopling the Palaces is a video installation of 500 characters created for the seventeenth‐century Italian Palace, La Venaria Reale. Characters are projected onto the walls, ceilings, and royal bed, bringing back “life” to the historic interiors. In this article I examine the different types of characters created by Greenaway, looking specifically at how their words could help visitors engage with the lived human past of the palace and acquire factual information about day‐to‐day processes. Drawing on such fundamentals of human nature as love, jealousy, and gossip, these character‐led performances suggest ways that dramatic techniques can help to engender imagined and empathetic connections with the past.  相似文献