论体育文化价值判断的先验与综合     

刘全  宋旭 《安徽体育科技》2008,29(3):13-15

以文化价值判断先验与综合的一般原理作为理论基础,从逻辑哲学的角度分析了体育文化价值判断的先验与综合。提出对体育文化价值判断进行正确的先验与综合是人们更深刻的认识体育文化内涵和实现不同国家、民族体育文化发展的先决条件。  相似文献   

姿势性驼背体育康复方法的研究     

万金钱  卢健 《山东体育科技》2008,30(1):68-70

为了探讨体育康复方法时于矫正姿势性驼背的效果,选取华东师范大学体育与健康学院03、04、05级的本科学生60名作为研究对象,其年龄在19～23岁之间,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组同学进行为期3个月的运用体育康复方法进行姿势性驼背的矫正练习,对照组同学不进行姿势性驼背的矫正练习.实验证明,姿势性驼背的体育康复方法不但对于矫正姿势性驼背具有良好的效果,还可提高学生的健康状况.  相似文献   

高校体育教学的现状分析和课程改革思路   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡俭云  谭玉芳  曾白琳  徐军敏 《安徽体育科技》2009,30(3):95-97

目前传统的体育课程教学在教学内容、课程体系、教育质量评价和教学方法等方面仍存在不足,基于此,在多年的教学中,我们对现代化体育教学模式进行了探讨,在研究中发现,为了进一步改变陈旧的教学方法,应不断丰富教学内容,及时调整体育项目丰富选修教学内容,增强教学可接受性培养终身体育思想,构建多元化评价体系,采用计算机多媒体技术辅助教学,体现体育教学的现代化,积极有效地推进新一轮体育课程改革。  相似文献   

Acknowledgements     

Dale L. Domian  Marie D. Racine  Craig A. Wilson 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2006,30(4):321-321

Acknowledgement

Acknowledgements  相似文献   

Effects of a motivational climate inntervention for coaches on young athletes' sport performance anxiety     

Smith RE  Smoll FL  Cumming SP 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2007,29(1):39-59

The mastery approach to coaching is a cognitive-behavioral intervention designed to promote a mastery-involving motivational climate, shown in previous research to be related to lower anxiety in athletes. We tested the effects of this intervention on motivational climate and on changes in male and female athletes'cognitive and somatic performance anxiety over the course of a basketball season. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses revealed that the athletes in the intervention condition perceived their coaches as being more mastery-involving on the Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sports when compared to athletes in an untreated control condition. Relative to athletes who played for untrained coaches, those who played for the trained coaches exhibited decreases on all subscales of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 and on total anxiety score from preseason to late season. Control group athletes reported increases in anxiety over the season. The intervention had equally positive effects on boys and girls teams.  相似文献   

The effects of arm crank strategy on physiological responses and mechanical efficiency during submaximal exercise     

Goosey-Tolfrey VL  Sindall P 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(4):453-460

The purpose of this study was to compare submaximal physiological responses and indices of mechanical efficiency between asynchronous and synchronous arm ergometry. Thirteen wheelchair-dependent trained athletes performed eight steady-state incremental bouts of exercise (0 to 140 W), each lasting 4 min, using synchronous and asynchronous arm-cranking strategies. Physiological measures included oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate, and blood lactate concentration. The power outputs corresponding to fixed whole blood lactate concentrations of 2.0 to 4.0 mmol x l(-1) were calculated using linear interpolation. Mechanical efficiency indices - gross efficiency, net efficiency, and work efficiency - were also calculated. An analysis of variance with repeated measures was applied to determine the effect of crank mode on the physiological parameters. Oxygen uptake was on average 10% lower (P < 0.01), and both net efficiency (P < 0.01) and gross efficiency (P < 0.01) were higher, during the asynchronous strategy at both 60 and 80 W (gross efficiency: 16.9 +/- 2.0% vs. 14.7 +/- 2.4% and 17.5 +/- 1.8% vs. 15.9 +/- 2.6% at 60 and 80 W respectively). There were no differences in heart rate, blood lactate concentration or power output at either of the blood lactate reference points between the asynchronous and synchronous strategies (P > 0.05). In conclusion, test specificity is an important consideration. If a synchronous strategy is to be adopted, it is likely to result in lower efficiency than an asynchronous strategy. The exercise testing scenario may help dictate which method is ultimately chosen.  相似文献   

Anthropometric dimensions of male powerlifters of varying body mass   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Keogh JW  Hume PA  Pearson SN  Mellow P 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(12):1365-1376

In this study, we examined the anthropometric dimensions of powerlifters across various body mass (competitive bodyweight) categories. Fifty-four male Oceania competitive powerlifters (9 lightweight, 30 middleweight, and 15 heavyweight) were recruited from one international and two national powerlifting competitions held in New Zealand. Powerlifters were assessed for 37 anthropometric dimensions by ISAK (International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry) level II and III accredited anthropometrists. The powerlifters were highly mesomorphic and had large girths and bony breadths, both in absolute units and when expressed as Z(p)-scores compared through the Phantom (Ross & Wilson, 1974). These anthropometric characteristics were more pronounced in heavyweights, who were significantly heavier, had greater muscle and fat mass, were more endo-mesomorphic, and had larger girths and bony breadths than the lighter lifters. Although middleweight and heavyweight lifters typically had longer segment lengths than the lightweights, all three groups had similar Zp-scores for the segment lengths, indicating similar segment length proportions. While population comparisons would be required to identify any connection between specific anthropometric dimensions that confer a competitive advantage to the expression of maximal strength, anthropometric profiling may prove useful for talent identification and for the assessment of training progression in powerlifting.  相似文献   

Decision-making skills and deliberate practice in elite association football referees     

MacMahon C  Helsen WF  Starkes JL  Weston M 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(1):65-78

We examined sport expertise as a function of role. In study 1, referees were better than players in a video-based decision-making task. This provides evidence that there are role-specific skills within one domain or sport. In study 2, we examined the training activities that could be influential in the development of skills in sports officials. Elite association football (soccer) referees retrospectively reported time spent in and perceptions of training activities for three periods: their first year of formal refereeing, 1998 (before formal training programmes were available), and the current year (2003). This allowed us to examine an area of skill with a limited culture of practice, where performance simulations with direct feedback are usually not feasible. The results showed that referees specialize early and, as they develop, they engage in greater volumes and types of training. Competitive match refereeing is considered a relevant activity for skill acquisition that does not fit Ericsson and colleagues' (1993) original definition of deliberate practice. Our findings indicate that actual performance is a significant activity for skill acquisition and refinement.  相似文献   

Habituation of 10-year-old hockey players to treadmill skating     

Lockwood KL  Frost G 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2007,6(2):145-154

This study assessed changes in selected physiological and kinematic variables over 6 weeks of treadmill skating in an effort to understand the process of habituation to this novel training modality. Seven male, Atom-A hockey players who were injury-free and had no previous treadmill skating experience participated in the study. Players performed four 1-min skating bouts at progressively increasing speeds, each week, for 6 weeks. One speed (10.5 km/h) was repeated weekly to allow for assessment of the habituation process. Our criteria for habituation were: a decrease in stride rate, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion, and an increase in stride length, trunk angle and vertical movement of the centre of mass, leading to a plateau, over the course of the 6-week study. Significant decreases were seen in stride rate, heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion, and significant increases were found in stride length. Some of these changes were evident after only one week of training and all were present by week 4. After 6 weeks (24 min) of exposure to treadmill skating, all participants displayed a visibly more efficient skating style.  相似文献   

Validation of an integrated experimental set-up for kinetic and kinematic three-dimensional analyses in a training environment     

Boisnoir A  Decker L  Reine B  Natta F 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2007,6(2):215-223

Biomechanical analyses using synchronized tools [electromyography (EMG), motion capture, force sensors, force platform, and digital camera] are classically performed in a laboratory environment that could influence the performance. We present a system for studying the running sprint start that synchronizes motion capture, EMG, and ground reaction force data. To maximize motion capture (Vicon 612 with six cameras), a special dim environment was created in the stadium. "Classical" tools were combined with "purpose-built" tools intended to analyse the different aspects of movement. For example, a synchronization system was built to create a common time-base for all data recordings and a portable EMG system was synchronized by a cable that was "disconnected" by the athlete's movement out of the blocks. This disconnection represented an independent event recorded by different tools. A "gap" was measured for some sprint start events between kinetic and kinematic (motion capture) data. Calibration results, measurements of time "gap", and duration of the independent event were used to validate the accuracy of motion capture and the synchronization system. The results validate the entire experimental set-up and suggest adjustment values for motion capture data. This environment can be used to study other movements and can easily be applied to several sports.  相似文献