The criterion of “relevance” in the support of research in the social sciences: 1965–1985     

Cyril S. Smith  Otto N. Larsen 《Minerva》1989,27(4):461-482

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Practical training and internships in engineering education: Educational goals and assessment     

Otto Rompelman  Jan De Vries 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2002,27(2):173-180

In many engineering curricula a period of practical training in industry is either compulsory or advised. Often the educational goals of such a period are defined as 'learning to put knowledge and skills into practice'. The assessment is usually based on a technical report of the activities during the period. In this paper, how the definition of educational objectives led to the introduction of practical training is discussed. These objectives are acquiring insight in the engineering profession, learning to 'survive' in a different culture and learning to apply as well as broadening technical knowledge and skills. Furthermore, an assessment procedure is introduced which allows for testing whether the students have met the objectives.  相似文献   

Cooperative R&D and firm performance     

Ren Belderbos  Martin Carree  Boris Lokshin 《Research Policy》2004,33(10):1477-1492

We analyse the impact of R&D cooperation on firm performance differentiating between four types of R&D partners (competitors, suppliers, customers, and universities and research institutes), and considering two performance measures: labour productivity and productivity in innovative (new to the market) sales. Using data on a large sample of Dutch innovating firms in two waves of the Community Innovation Survey (1996, 1998), we examine the impact of R&D cooperation in 1996 on subsequent productivity growth in 1996–1998. The results confirm a major heterogeneity in the rationales and goals of R&D cooperation. Competitor and supplier cooperation focus on incremental innovations, improving the productivity performance of firms. University cooperation and again competitor cooperation are instrumental in creating innovations generating sales of products that are novel to the market, improving the growth performance of firms. Furthermore, customers and universities are important sources of knowledge for firms pursuing radical innovations, which facilitate growth in innovative sales in the absence of formal R&D cooperation.  相似文献   

Graphenes — Aromatic giants     

Ivan Gutman  Boris Furtula 《Resonance》2011,16(12):1238-1245

Recently, extremely large benzenoid hydrocarbons have been synthesized. These compounds resemble graphite in many ways, and have been named graphenes. Because of their nonstandard properties, graphenes have already found numerous applications, especially as special-purpose materials in electronics. In this article we outline the basic chemical facts on graphenes.  相似文献   

Collaborative management of business metadata     

Kai M. Hüner^{Author Vitae}  Boris Otto Author VitaeHubert Österle Author Vitae 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(4):366-373

Legal provisions, cross-company data exchange and intra-company reporting or planning procedures require comprehensively, timely, unambiguously and understandably specified business objects (e.g. materials, customers, and suppliers). On the one hand, this business metadata has to cover miscellaneous regional peculiarities in order to enable business activities anywhere in the world. On the other hand, data structures need to be standardized throughout the entire company in order to be able to perform global spend analysis, for example. In addition, business objects should adapt to new market conditions or regulatory requirements as quickly and consistently as possible. Centrally organized corporate metadata managers (e.g. within a central IT department) are hardly able to meet all these demands. They should be supported by key users from several business divisions and regions, who contribute expert knowledge. However, despite the advantages regarding high metadata quality on a corporate level, a collaborative metadata management approach of this kind has to ensure low effort for knowledge contributors as in most cases these regional or divisional experts do not benefit from metadata quality themselves. Therefore, the paper at hand identifies requirements to be met by a business metadata repository, which is a tool that can effectively support collaborative management of business metadata. In addition, the paper presents the results of an evaluation of these requirements with business experts from various companies and of scenario tests with a wiki-based prototype at the company Bayer CropScience AG. The evaluation shows two things: First, collaboration is a success factor when it comes to establishing effective business metadata management and integrating metadata with enterprise systems, and second, semantic wikis are well suited to realizing business metadata repositories.  相似文献   

Elite und Exzellenz aus der Perspektive von Jugendlichen und ihren Peers an exklusiven Schulen     

Heinz-Hermann Krüger  Catharina Keßler  Ariane Otto  Anne Schippling 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2014,17(3):221-241

Against the backdrop of the recent political discourse on elite and excellence in the German education system, this paper examines how such constructions manifest themselves in programmatic concepts of schools and in the orientations of their pupils and their peers. They are reconstructed on the basis of a qualitative research project on educational careers of young people. This paper focuses on pupils and their peers at an elite school of sports and an international school. Firstly, the state of research on those types of school as well as on educational careers of their pupils will be presented. Secondly, the theoretical reference points and the methodological design of the study will be introduced. At the core of the paper is the analysis of the education related orientations of selected cases of young people and their peers: How do they position themselves towards elite and excellence in their individual and collective orientations and how is this relevant for processes of distinction and coherence building in the groups? In the resuming part of the paper, the results will be summarised and related to the state of research and the scientific discourse on elite and excellence.  相似文献   

The Reverend John Wingate: An Economic Casualty of Revolutionary Virginia     

Otto Lohrenz 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》1995,18(4):43-49

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The living principle     

Boris Ford 《Higher Education Quarterly》1975,30(1):1-1

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The emancipation of teacher training? Changing relations between universities and colleges of education     

Boris Ford 《Higher Education Quarterly》1974,29(1):7-43

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Gulbenkian Discussions     

Boris Ford 《Higher Education Quarterly》1966,20(2):127-127

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