Sport as a means of immigrant youth integration: an empirical study of sports,intercultural relations,and immigrant youth integration in Switzerland     

Elena Makarova  Walter Herzog 《Sportwissenschaft》2014,44(1):1-9

The objective of this paper is to examine the role of sport in immigrant youths integration into a host society. The analyses are based on a survey of 454 first-generation immigrant youths from secondary, vocational, and pre-apprenticeship schools located in the German-speaking part of Switzerland. In short, our results indicate that for most immigrant youth, sport is an important part of their free time, even though the proportion of female immigrant youth doing sport in sports clubs is twice as low as that of male immigrant youth. Our findings also illustrate that female and male immigrant youth who do sports in clubs have considerably more personal contact with Swiss peers during these sporting activities. Moreover, the young people who have frequent personal contact with Swiss peers during sporting activities reported having considerably more intercultural contacts in their free time and among their close friends. Finally, immigrant youths’ contacts with Swiss peers during sporting activities increase their feeling of being integrated in Switzerland.  相似文献   

European Standards in Russian Higher Education and the Role of English: a case study of the National University of Science and Technology,Moscow (MISiS)     

Richard West  Elena Frumina 《European Journal of Education》2012,47(1):50-63

This article considers the current changes in Russian universities, especially moves towards a more outward-looking, international approach, driven in particular by the Bologna Process. It is noted that the speed of change has been uneven, with many institutions slow to embrace reform. The situation at the National University of Science and Technology, Moscow (MISiS) is taken as an example of an institution where reform is moving ahead rapidly. The role of English teaching is examined as a driver of change. Research that informs the reforms is reported and the wider impact of English language teaching on academic quality and institutional culture is described and evaluated.  相似文献   

Use of education as social indicator in the assessment of sustainability throughout the life cycle of a building     

Marco A. Ruano  Marcos García Cruzado 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2012,37(4):416-425

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Quality of Chilean Early Childhood Education from an International Perspective Qualité de l'Education Préscolaire Chilienne dans une Perspective Internationale Calidad de la Educacio´n Preescolar Chilena desde una Perspectiva Internacional     

Malva Villalón  Emy Suzuki  Maria Olivia Herrera  Maria Elena Mathiesen 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2002,10(1):49-59

The aim of the study was to assess the quality of the different types of Chilean early childhood care and education programmes according to international standards. The sample included 120 centres representing the different types of pre-school programmes available, randomly selected from two different geographical regions of the country, where 52% of the population lives. This paper presents the structural and process characteristics observed in the classrooms, according to the results from the application of the Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS). All the different types of pre-school programmes in Chile exhibited a minimum level of quality, even though there are differences among types of programmes and also according to the geographical area where they were settled. Results are compared with findings from the European Child Care and Education (ECCE) study developed in Austria, Germany, Portugal and Spain and from the Effective Provision of Pre-school Education (EPPE) project, developed in Britain. Cette étude se propose de évaluer la qualitédes différents programmes d'éducation et soin d'enfants au Chili, selon des standards internationaux. 120 centres ont été selectionnés au hasard, dans les deux départements du pays ou habite le 52% de la population. Cet article analyse les caractéristiques structurelles et du procès observes dans les classes, selon les résultats obtenus avec l'application de l'Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS). Les différents types de programme on montré un niveau minimal de qualité même s'il y avait de différences significatives parmi les programmes et les départements. Les résultats sont compares avec l'étude European Child Care and Education (ECCE) développeé a le'Autriche, dans l'Allemagne, au Portugal et en Espagne et avec ceux projet Effective Provision of Pre-school Education (EPPE), développe a l'Angleterre. El propósito de este estudio fue la evaluación de la calidad de los diferentes programas de Educación y cuidado infantil existentes en Chile, aplicando criterios internacionales. La muestra incluyó 120 centros que representan los diferentes tipos de programas existentes en el país, seleccionados al azar, en las dos regiones, en las que habita el 52% de la población total. Este artículo analiza las características estructurales y del proceso observadas en las salas, de acuerdo a los resultados de la aplicación de la Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS). Los distintos tipos de programas mostraron un nivel de calidad promedio correspondiente al rango minimo, aunque existen diferencias significativas entre ellos y también entre las dos regiones. Estos resultados fueron comparados con los hallazgos de los estudios-European Child Care and Education (ECCE), desarrollado en Austria, Alemania, Portugal y Espana y Effective Provision of Pre-school Education (EPPE), realizado en Inglaterra.  相似文献   

Which difficulties and resources do vocational teachers perceive? An exploratory study setting the stage for investigating teachers’ resilience in Switzerland     

Elena Boldrini  Viviana Sappa  Carmela Aprea 《Teachers and Teaching》2019,25(1):125-141

ABSTRACT

Based on an ecological view of teacher resilience, the paper investigates perceived difficulties and resources among vocational education and training (VET) teachers as a first step for investigating teachers’ resilience. Given the substantial shortage of theoretical and empirical studies on this population, more research on resilience among VET teachers is necessary and relevant. In this exploratory qualitative study, interviews with VET teachers in Switzerland (n = 37) sought to identify the specific challenges faced by teachers, the resources to be addressed. As well as confirming the different critical challenges and protective factors emerging from the literature review, the results identify difficulties and resources specific to VET teachers in Switzerland. In terms of critical challenges at a macro-contextual level, teachers’ low social recognition is emphasised. Moreover, exposure to curricular reforms generates stress and pressure related to the required standardisation of content and subject changes. At a micro-system level, we detected teachers’ frustration in relation to students’ low vocational motivation and maturity and specific emerging instructional challenges in vocational subject teaching. In terms of resources, teachers perceived the possibility of diversifying their professional role by alternating school and extracurricular activities as a supportive factor. The results provide a basis for more extensive quantitative study investigating relationship among adversities and resources and resilient strategies.  相似文献   

Effects of an instructional gaming characteristic on learning effectiveness,efficiency, and engagement: using a storyline for teaching basic statistical skills     

Elena Novak  Tristan E. Johnson  Gershon Tenenbaum  Valerie J. Shute 《Interactive Learning Environments》2016,24(3):523-538

The study explored instructional benefits of a storyline gaming characteristic (GC) on learning effectiveness, efficiency, and engagement with the use of an online instructional simulation for graduate students in an introductory statistics course. A storyline is a game-design element that connects scenes with the educational content. In order to examine the interactions between the storyline GC and human performance, a storyline was embedded in a simulation. The goal of the simulation was to engage students in problem-solving and data analysis in the context of basic statistics by using real-world examples. The authors developed two different versions of the simulation: (1) Simulation+No GC, and (2) Simulation+Storyline GC. Both versions shared the same instructional content but differed in the presence or absence of a storyline GC. The results indicated that adding a storyline to a simulation did not result in significant improvements in learning effectiveness, efficiency, or engagement. However, both instructional methods (simulation and simulation with a storyline) showed significant learning gains from pre- to post-test. The findings of this study offer future directions for embedding a storyline GC into learning content.  相似文献   

Science Letters：Visual odometry for road vehicles —— feasibility analysis     

NARANJO José-eugenio 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(12):2017-2020

Estimating the global position of a road vehicle without using GPS is a challenge that many scientists look forward to solving in the near future. Normally, inertial and odometry sensors are used to complement GPS measures in an attempt to provide a means for maintaining vehicle odometry during GPS outage. Nonetheless, recent experiments have demonstrated that computer vision can also be used as a valuable source to provide what can be denoted as visual odometry. For this purpose, vehicle motion can be estimated using a non-linear, photogrametric approach based on RAndom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC). The results prove that the detection and selection of relevant feature points is a crucial factor in the global performance of the visual odometry algorithm. The key issues for further improvement are discussed in this letter.  相似文献   

Effects of an intervention programme with teachers on the development of positive behaviours in Spanish physical education classes     

Tomás García-Calvo  Francisco Miguel Leo  Diana Amado  Juan José Pulido 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2016,21(6):572-588

Background: The physical education (PE) context has been emphasised as an ideal environment for developing positive behaviours among students. Under the Positive Youth Development paradigm, various initiatives have been conducted with the aim of promoting personal and social responsibility among adolescents. Self-Determination Theory has been widely used to analyse students’ motivational processes during PE classes.

Purpose: This study aimed to measure the effects of a multidisciplinary intervention with teachers on the development of positive behaviours in PE classes.

Participants: Twenty PE teachers participated in the study (M_age?=?35 years; SD?=?2.32) along with 777 of their students (M_age?=?12.81 years; SD?=?.93). The teachers (male?=?16; female?=?4) were between the ages of 29 and 48 years (M?=?35.2 years; SD?=?2.32). The students who participated in this study (male?=?377; female?=?400) were divided into 52 classes and were between the ages of 12 and 16 years (M?=?12.81; SD?=?.93).

Research design: A quasi-experimental design was used that consisted of a control group and three groups in which an intervention was developed. In the control group, the teachers did not receive any type of intervention; in the second group, the teachers received a training programme to develop strategies for supporting basic psychological needs and promoting positive behaviours; in the third group, the teachers received a didactic unit to promote positive behaviours; and in the last group the teachers received a combination of the two previous interventions.

Data analysis: A repeated-measures ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) was used for every dependent variable included in the study to analyse the effect of Group?×?Time interaction, including Gender and Grade Level as covariates. The fixed effects caused by Intercept, Group, Time, and the Group?×?Time interaction were calculated using compound symmetry as the type of covariance and restricted maximum likelihood as the estimation method.

Findings: By examining the differences between pre-test and post-test, it was determined that in comparison with the students in the control group, the students from the three experimental groups had generally improved scores on the variables related to positive behaviours, such as perceptions of the teacher's support, as well as the development of the targeted behaviours.

Conclusions: These results provide information about the efficacy of an intervention programme with teachers that consists of strategies for developing positive behaviour and support for basic psychological needs to promote the development of positive student behaviour.  相似文献   

Design procedure for thin three-layer plates made of a depleted material     

Gianpaolo Perrella  Giovanni Maria Montuori  Massimiliano Fraldi  Elena Mele 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2016,17(6):427-442

The efficiency of a long-span structure relies on how material is locally distributed within a fixed structural shape. In this paper a design procedure for thin plates made of three layers of a depleted material subject to a distributed vertical load is proposed. The investigation is driven by the idea of the optimal material organization and has the objective of maximizing the overall stiffness/weight ratio of the structure. Two microstructural architectures of the media are considered: a porous solid structure and a truss arrangement. For each type of microstructure the flexural stiffness has been correlated to the level of depletion by the use of a power law function by setting very few parameters. Finally, invoking the principles of structural homogenization theory, the global flexural response of the plate has also been calculated. The validity of the method is demonstrated by comparing the analytical results with those obtained by a numerical finite element simulation of the structure based on a detailed model of the media.  相似文献   

Study of the deterioration products,gilding, and polychromy of the stones of the Scuola Grande Di San Marco's façade in Venice     

Fabrizio Antonelli  Lorenzo Lazzarini  Stefano Cancelliere  Elena Tesser 《文物保护研究》2016,61(2):74-85

The Scuola Grande di San Marco is one of the most outstanding Renaissance buildings in Venice. Destroyed by fire in 1485, the Scuola was reconstructed between 1487 and 1495 by Pietro Lombardi (and sons), together with Giovanni Buora and Mauro Codussi. The façade is considered one of the finest and most original exteriors of Venetian buildings and in particular features refined sculptural and painted decorations and a remarkable pictorial effect created by the extensive use of polychrome marbles and the false perspective view between the pilasters of the lower order. Most of the stone materials (Istrian and Verona red limestones, nero di Roveré, pavonazzetto toscano, Carrara marble and various reused antique marbles) present evident decay phenomena such as scaling, exfoliation, powdering, fissuring, salt efflorescence, black crusts, and artificial patinas of various kinds. The present study reports the results of petrographic and chemical laboratory analyses carried out in preparation for the conservation treatment of the building, in order to characterize the main micro- and macro-morphologies of decay and to identify the causes and mechanisms of deterioration as well as the nature and application technique of the polychromy, gilding, and patinas present on parts of the monumental Renaissance façade.  相似文献