Schools in the shadow of terrorism: Psychosocial adjustment and interest in interventions following terror attacks     

Erika Felix  Eric M. Vernberg  Rose L. Pfefferbaum  Dodie C. Gill  John Schorr  Angela Boudreaux  Robin H. Gurwitch  Sandro Galea  Betty Pfefferbaum 《Psychology in the schools》2010,47(6):592-605

Following terrorist events, teachers and nonteaching school personnel are important in helping children recover, yet little is known about their willingness to assist with this. We surveyed 399 employees from a Washington, D.C.‐area school district following terror attacks (September 11, 2001, attacks; sniper shootings) about their exposure, adjustment, interest, and involvement in psychosocial interventions. Between 10% and 27% experienced one or more symptoms of posttraumatic stress (depending on category of symptom) in the month prior to the survey. Regression analyses revealed that peritraumatic distress, behavior change, and posttraumatic growth predicted interest in information on psychosocial interventions. Feeling prepared, adaptively managing work responsibilities, and perceiving an increase in student problems were related to intervening with students. Implications for school preparedness are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

Effects of a short-term pre-season training programme on the body composition and anaerobic performance of professional rugby union players     

Christos K. Argus  Nicholas Gill  Justin Keogh  Will G. Hopkins  C. Martyn Beaven 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(6):679-686

Abstract

Pre-season rugby training develops the physical requisites for competition and consists of a high volume of resistance training and anaerobic and aerobic conditioning. However, the effects of a rugby union pre-season in professional athletes are currently unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a 4-week pre-season on 33 professional rugby union players. Bench press and box squat increased moderately (13.6 kg, 90% confidence limits ±2.9 kg and 17.6 ± 8.0 kg, respectively) over the training phase. Small decreases in bench throw (70.6 ± 53.5 W), jump squat (280.1 ± 232.4 W), and fat mass (1.4 ± 0.4 kg) were observed. In addition, small increases were seen in fat-free mass (2.0 ± 0.6 kg) and flexed upper-arm girth (0.6 ± 0.2 cm), while moderate increases were observed in mid-thigh girth (1.9 ± 0.5 cm) and perception of fatigue (0.6 ± 0.4 units). Increases in strength and body composition were observed in elite rugby union players after 4 weeks of intensive pre-season training, but this may have been the result of a return to fitness levels prior to the off-season. Decreases in power may reflect high training volumes and increases in perceived of fatigue.  相似文献   

State Anxiety as a Function of Skill Level and Proximity to Competition     

Sharon Huddleston  Diane L. Gill 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):31-34

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences between the oversized racquet and the standard-sized racquet in (1) a tennis shot accuracy test on four basic strokes (ground strokes, volley, return of serve, and serve), and (2) a measure of players' subjective evaluation of playability (control, accuracy, power, and feel). Research participants (n = 57) were undergraduate students separated into two skill levels, intermediate (n = 29) and beginners (n = 28). Data were analyzed using a two-factor ANOVA with repeated measures on one factor. Result from the skills tests indicated that both beginning and intermediate groups scores significantly higher when using the oversized racquet. The scores received when using the oversized racquet tended to reflect a general increase in all four components of the skill test, particularly the return of serve. Data indicated that the subjective evaluation of the playing characteristic of each racquet was influenced by the player's skill level. Beginning players favored the oversized racquet, yet intermediate players rated the two racquet types about equal. The investigation suggests that beginning and intermediate tennis players, educators, and tennis teaching professionals should consider using and encouraging the use of oversized racquets.  相似文献   

Development of the Sport Orientation Questionnaire     

Diane L. Gill  Thomas E. Deeter 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):191-202

Abstract

The Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) was developed as a multidimensional, sport-specific measure of individual differences in sport achievement orientation. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a stable, three-factor structure across three separate samples of university and high school students. The three separate but related subscales of competitiveness, win, and goal orientation demonstrate high internal consistency and stability over time. The SOQ competitiveness score differentiates students in competitive activities from those in noncompetitive activities, providing evidence for construct validity. The overall factor stability, reliability and validity evidence suggests that the SOQ can be a valuable measure for the investigation of competitiveness and achievement behavior in sport and exercise settings.  相似文献   

Competition and Instructional Set Effects On the Speed and Accuracy of a Throwing Task     

John B. Gross  Diane L. Gill 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):125-132

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of competition and instructional sets on the speed and accuracy of a dart-throwing task. In both experiments individuals competed against another subject on one day, and performed under noncompetitive conditions on a second day. The five distinct instructional sets varied from extreme emphasis on speed to extreme emphasis on accuracy. Multivariate analyses of variance revealed main effects for instructional sets on speed and accuracy in both experiments. Strong tradeoffs occurred with speed slowing and accuracy improving as the instructional emphasis changed from speed to accuracy. A competition by instructional sets interaction in Experiment 2 indicated that competition facilitated speed when speed was important, but when instructions emphasized accuracy, speed was slower in competition than in noncompetition. Accuracy was not affected by competition.  相似文献   

The act of collective worship: pupils’ perspectives     

Jeannette Gill 《British Journal of Religious Education》2004,26(2):185-196

Data gathered as part of a recent research project into the provision of collective worship in schools in England and Wales reveals the existence of a marked variation in approach and provision between schools in the primary and secondary sectors. Consequently, the point of transfer often becomes a watershed in pupils’ experience. This sudden change, which is most apparent in community schools, is accompanied by a slower but pre-existing transition in attitudes which is common to pupils in all types of institution. Using material gathered from interviews with young people, this article examines the issue of participation in school worship from the pupils’ perspective and analyses the reasons they give for their opposition to provision. It then compares these attitudes with those of a previous generation, as demonstrated in the work of Loukes (1961 Loukes H (1961) Teenage Religion (London, SCM)  [Google Scholar]) and Goldman (1964 Goldman R (1964) Religious Thinking from Childhood to Adolescence (London, Routledge & Kegan Paul)  [Google Scholar], 1965 Goldman R (1965) Readiness for Religion (London, Routledge & Kegan Paul)  [Google Scholar]) in order to explore the underlying changes which influence students’ thinking. It concludes with a consideration of the implications of these findings for practice and policy.  相似文献   

Classroom catalysis: a process for developing the primary curriculum     

Gill Aslett  Marguerite Roberts  Shelagh MacDonald  Colin Conner 《Cambridge Journal of Education》1987,17(3):170-175

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Book reviews     

Johanna Wyn  Zita M. Unger  Marian C. Stone  Judith Gill  Patrick Slattery  Maurice Robson  Christine Halse 《The Australian Educational Researcher》1994,21(2):107-124

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Characterising the different blogging behaviours of students on an online distance learning course     

Lucinda Kerawalla  Shailey Minocha  Gill Kirkup  Gráinne Conole 《Learning, Media and Technology》2008,33(1):21-33

Since the early years of the twenty‐first century there has been an increasing interest in using Web 2.0 technologies to support learning in Higher Education. However, previous research suggests that the integration of blogging into courses can be difficult and cites problems with issues such as student compliance. We adopt a learner‐centred perspective and explore students’ (rather than their educators’) understanding of how blogs and blogging can support distance learning in Higher Education. We report on a study of UK Open University (OU) students on an online distance learning Masters course, that has enabled us to determine the issues that are important to these bloggers, and we describe five ways in which they appropriated blogging to suit their individual needs. We discuss the importance of making blogging activities flexible so that students can blog to meet their own needs whilst still attending to the requirements of their course.  相似文献   

International perspectives on contexts,communities and evaluated practices. Family–school–community partnerships     

Gill Crozier 《教育政策杂志》2014,29(2):280-282

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