Librarians’ perceptions of knowledge management in developing countries: A case with Indian academic libraries     

Mohammad Nazim  Bhaskar Mukherjee 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(1-2):63-76

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine librarians' perceptions of knowledge management, including its concept, potential applications, benefits and major challenges of its applications in Indian academic libraries. A structured questionnaire, containing both open and close-ended questions, was sent by postal mail to 30 librarians of academic libraries in India of which 15 questionnaires were returned. Respondents were asked to define knowledge management and answer questions on its potential applications, benefits and major challenges of implementation in academic libraries. Respondents were also allowed to specify their own views on the subject. The findings of the study show that the levels of understanding of KM concepts among librarians are varied and most of them view KM as the management of information resources, services and systems using technology or specific processes for the capture and use of explicit knowledge, rather sharing and using tacit knowledge. They have positive attitudes towards the applications of knowledge management into academic library practice, and not only because this can bring academic libraries closer to their parent organization, but also because it may help them to survive in an increasingly challenging environment. Although, librarians in the present study acknowledged that they are involved in the practices of knowledge management but these were perceived as basic information management activities. Lack of understanding of knowledge management concepts and its benefits, knowledge sharing culture, top management commitment, incentives and rewards, financial resources and information technology infrastructure are perceived as the major barriers for incorporating knowledge management into academic library practice.  相似文献   

Feedback After Good Versus Poor Trials Affects Intrinsic Motivation     

Rokhsareh Badami  Mohammad VaezMousavi  Gabriele Wulf  Mahdi Namazizadeh 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):360-364

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Exploring the utility of action research to investigate second‐language classrooms as complex systems     

Mohammad Javad Ahmadian  Mansoor Tavakoli 《Educational Action Research》2013,21(2):121-136

Action research is geared to changes for the better and has the potential to assist teachers to extend their teaching skills and develop a deeper understanding of themselves, their classroom and their learners. However, in the area of applied linguistics, the viability of action research has been seriously questioned. In this article, we argue that adopting a complexity‐theory perspective, which requires teachers to be dynamic and complex in their approach, helps in identifying action research as a suitable research tradition for investigating second‐language classrooms and in turn using it widely to invigorate the field of applied linguistics. Our argumentation is supported by the fundamental links between action research and complexity theory as an emerging paradigm in education. Although the case made in this article concerns second‐language classrooms, the conclusions reached may well apply to any classroom that shares some commonalities with second‐language classrooms.  相似文献   

An extended discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm for the dynamic facility layout problem   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hassan Rezazadeh  Mehdi Ghazanfari  Mohammad Saidi-Mehrabad  Seyed Jafar Sadjadi 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2009,10(4):520-529

We extended an improved version of the discrete particle swarm optimization （DPSO） algorithm proposed by Liao et al.（2007） to solve the dynamic facility layout problem （DFLP）. A computational study was performed with the existing heuristic algorithms, including the dynamic programming （DP）, genetic algorithm （GA）, simulated annealing （SA）, hybrid ant system （HAS）, hybrid simulated annealing （SA-EG）, hybrid genetic algorithms （NLGA and CONGA）. The proposed DPSO algorithm, SA, HAS, GA, DP, SA-EG, NLGA, and CONGA obtained the best solutions for 33, 24, 20, 10, 12, 20, 5, and 2 of the 48 problems from （Balakrishnan and Cheng, 2000）, respectively. These results show that the DPSO is very effective in dealing with the DFLP. The extended DPSO also has very good computational efficiency when the problem size increases.  相似文献   

Genetic Polymorphism of CYP2C9 Among Sistani Ethnic Group in Gorgan     

Abdoljalal Marjani  Aman Mohammad Gharanjik 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(2):208-213

Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) is involved in metabolism of many important drugs and its genotype variations is thought to affect drug efficacy and the treatment process. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of CYP2C9 allele and genotypic variants in Sistani ethnic group, living in Gorgan, South East of Caspian Sea and North East of Iran. This study included 140 Sistani, referred to the health center of Gorgan. CYP2C9 genotyping was carried out by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. The allele frequency of CYP2C9*1, CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 was 76.1, 16.1 and 7.8%, respectively. The frequency of CYP2C9*1/*1, CYP2C9*1/*2, CYP2C9*1/*3, CYP2C9*2/*2, CYP2C9*2/*3 and CYP2C9*3/*3 genotypes was 53.9, 22.1, 11.4, 2.9, 4.3% and nil, respectively. In this study the genotypic variations of the CYP2C9 allele among the Sistani ethnic group was investigated and great differences were observed in comparison to other populations. Our findings suggest that different genotypes of CYP2C9 may influence the pharmacokinetics of some drugs. More studies on the pharmacokinetic effects of CYP2C9 genotypes may help physicians choose optimal dosage of some drugs for treatment and prevention of their side effects. Since different ethnic groups from all over the world use medications, it suggests to investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of CYP2C9 genotypes in different populations.  相似文献   

Adaptive T–S fuzzy controller using reinforcement learning based on Lyapunov stability     

A. Aziz Khater  Ahmad M. El-Nagar  Mohammad El-Bardini  Nabila M. El-Rabaie 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(14):6390-6415

In this paper, an adaptive Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy controller based on reinforcement learning for controlling the nonlinear dynamical systems is proposed. The parameters of the T–S fuzzy system are learned using the reinforcement learning based on the actor-critic method. This on-line learning algorithm improves the controller performance over the time, which it learns from its own faults through the reinforcement signal from the external environment and tries to reinforce the T–S fuzzy system parameters to converge. The updating parameters are developed using the Lyapunov stability criterion. The proposed controller is faster in learning than the T–S fuzzy that parameters learned using the gradient descent method under the same conditions. Moreover, it is able to handle the load changes and the system uncertainties. The test is carried out based on two mathematical models. In addition, the proposed controller is applied practically for controlling a direct current (DC) shunt machine. The results indicate that the response of the proposed controller has a good performance compared with other controllers.  相似文献   

A composite pseudospectral method for solving multi-delay optimal control problems involving piecewise constant delay functions     

Sayyed Mohammad Hoseini 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(16):7895-7923

An adaptive numerical method for solving multi-delay optimal control problems with piecewise constant delay functions is introduced. The proposed method is based on composite pseudospectral method using the well-known Legendre–Gauss–Lobatto points. In this approach, the main problem converts to a mathematical optimization problem whose solution is much more easier than the original one. The necessary conditions of optimality associated to nonlinear piecewise constant delay systems are derived. The method is easy to implement and provides very accurate results.  相似文献   

Probabilistic fuzzy logic controller for uncertain nonlinear systems     

Omar Shaheen  Ahmad M. El-Nagar  Mohammad El-Bardini  Nabila M. El-Rabaie 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(3):1088-1106

This paper proposes a probabilistic fuzzy proportional - integral (PFPI) controller for controlling uncertain nonlinear systems. Firstly, the probabilistic fuzzy logic system (PFLS) improves the capability of the ordinary fuzzy logic system (FLS) to overcome various uncertainties in the controlled dynamical systems by integrating the probability method into the fuzzy logic system. Moreover, the input/output relationship for the proposed PFPI controller is derived. The resulting structure is equivalent to nonlinear PI controller and the equivalent gains for the proposed PFPI controller are a nonlinear function of input variables. These gains are changed as the input variables changed. The sufficient conditions for the proposed PFPI controller, which achieve the bounded-input bounded-output (BIBO) stability are obtained based on the small gain theorem. Finally, the obtained results indicate that the PFPI controller is able to reduce the effect of the system uncertainties compared with the fuzzy PI (FPI) controller.  相似文献   

Nonlinear model-predictive control with disturbance rejection property using adaptive neural networks     

Bahareh Vatankhah  Mohammad Farrokhi 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2017,354(13):5201-5220

In this paper, a method is proposed to reject disturbances in the model predictive control (MPC) strategy. In addition, uncertainties in the system parameters (i.e., internal disturbances) are considered as well. To achieve these goals, adaptive neural networks are designed as the predictor model and as the nonlinear disturbance observer, respectively. The disturbances are rejected via the optimization problem of the MPC. Stability of the closed-loop system is studied based on the Input-to-State Stability method. The proposed method is applied to the pH neutralization process and CSTR system and its effectiveness in optimal rejection of the disturbances and satisfying the system constrains is compared with the feed-forward control method.  相似文献   

The Shaffer–Gee perspective: Can epistemic games serve education?     

Mohammad Ali Salmani Nodoushan 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2009

This paper addresses the issue of how games can reshape education by describing current educational practices. It argues that there are conservative camps that emphasize structure and development of basic literacy and numeracy skills in education as well as liberal camps that emphasize immersion, and notices that both camps fail to train students able to address the crisis of innovation. A post-progressive pedagogy that integrates both structure and immersion to address this innovation crisis is described in the paper. It is also emphasized that epistemic games can serve as excellent tools at the hand of this post-progressive pedagogy.  相似文献