Growth,functional capacities and motivation for achievement and competitiveness in youth basketball: an interdisciplinary approach     

Humberto Moreira Carvalho  Carlos E Gonçalves  Dave Collins  Roberto R Paes 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(7):742-748

The interaction of multiple influences on the path to sport success is not yet fully understood by sport scientists. In this study, we examined variation in body size, functional capacities and motivation for achievement, competitiveness and deliberate practice of youth basketball players associated with differences in biological maturity status, chronological age and years of training experience. Reflecting the importance of interactive effects, we examined the relationships between the psychological variables and functional capacities. Fifty-eight male basketball players aged 9.5 to 15.5 years were considered. Variables included chronological age, estimated age at peak height velocity, stature, body mass and sitting height by anthropometry; the Work and Family Orientation and Deliberate Practice Motivation Questionnaires were also used. Finally, the Line Drill test and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1) tests were used as functional capacities indicators for basketball. Variance components models derived from series of multilevel linear regression models revealed a substantial variation by maturity status for body size, functional capacities indicators, mastery and will to excel. The influence of estimated maturity status on mastery and will to excel was independent of age and years of experience. In contrast, no relationships were observed between psychological variables and functional capacities indicators. We conclude that growth-related changes are relevant to understanding players´ motivations for achievement, competitiveness and deliberate practice. This should be of interest to those involved in the selection and development of youth basketball players.  相似文献   

Long pentraxin 3 as a marker of COVID-19 severity: evidences and perspectives     

Roberto Assandri  Silvia Accordino  Ciro Canetta  Elisabetta Buscarini  Alessandro Scartabellati  Chiara Tolassi  Federico Serana 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2022,32(2)

IntroductionSeveral laboratory tests are characteristically altered in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), but are not totally accurate in predicting the disease outcome. The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is quickly released directly at inflammation sites by many immune cell types. Previous studies have shown that PTX3 correlated with disease severity in various inflammatory conditions. Our study investigated the use of PTX3 as a potential marker of COVID-19 severity and compared its performance in detecting a more severe form of the disease with that of routine laboratory parameters.Materials and methodsStored serum samples of RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 cases that had been obtained at hospital admission were retrospectively analysed. Intensive care unit (ICU) stay was considered a surrogate endpoint of severe COVID-19. Pentraxin 3 was measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsA total of 96 patients were recruited from May 1st, 2020 to June 30th, 2020; 75/96 were transferred to ICU. Pentraxin 3 was higher in ICU vs non-ICU patients (35.86 vs 10.61 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models demonstrated that the only significant laboratory predictor of ICU stay was PTX3 (OR: 1.68 (1.19-2.29), P = 0.003), after controlling for comorbidities. The Receiver Operator Characteristic curve analysis showed that PTX3 had a higher accuracy compared to C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), ferritin in identifying ICU patients (AUC of PTX3 = 0.98; CRP = 0.66; LD = 0.70; ferritin = 0.67, P < 0.001). A cut-off of PTX3 > 18 ng/mL yielded a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 100% in identifying patients requiring ICU.ConclusionHigh values of PTX3 predict a more severe COVID-19.  相似文献   

Einstein as founding father of quantum theory     

Roberto Lalli 《Metascience》2015,24(1):119-122

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The Sculpture Market: An Adjacent Year Regression Index     

Marilena Locatelli-Biey  Roberto Zanola 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2002,26(1):65-78

This paper analyses the performance of an investment in sculpture during theperiod 1987–1995 by applying the hedonic price technique with time dummyvariables to a sample of over 27,000 sales at auctions. The main finding isthat the adjacent year price index differs substantially between theinexpensive/middle portfolio and the expensive portfolio. The first showsthe existence of a boom period until 1990, followed by a non boom period. Bycontrast, the return of an investment in the expensive portfolio performedsomewhat better during the period analysed, with the only fall in the priceindex in 1990 and 1991.  相似文献   

Moral development in a violent society: Colombian children's judgments in the context of survival and revenge     

Posada R  Wainryb C 《Child development》2008,79(4):882-898

Ninety-six Colombian children (mean age = 7.7 years) and adolescents (mean age = 14.6 years) made judgments about stealing and physical harm in the abstract and in the context of survival and revenge. All participants judged it wrong to steal or hurt others because of considerations with justice and welfare, and most also judged it wrong to engage in such actions even when they can aid in survival. Their judgments in the context of revenge were more mixed, with a sizable proportion endorsing stealing and hurting in that condition. Furthermore, the majority expected that people would steal and hurt others in most situations. Significant age differences were also found. The consequences of political violence for moral development are discussed.  相似文献   

Formative research on an early stage of the systemic change process in a small school district     

Roberto Joseph  Charles M. Reigeluth 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2005,36(6):937-956

This study utilised a qualitative research methodology known as formative research to improve the process guidelines that are described in the Guidance System for Transforming Education (GSTE). This study took place in a small (5447 students), partly urban and partly rural school district in Indiana. The researchers, also serving as change facilitators, investigated an early stage of the systemic change process as outlined in the GSTE. Specifically, the research focused on field‐testing and improving the process for assessing the district's readiness for change. It was found that this process could have been improved if the facilitators had had more guidance to help them develop the interview protocols.  相似文献   

UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY: MODELS AND PERSPECTIVES     

Roberto Moscati 《Higher Education in Europe》1991,16(3):87-90

The author suggests that among the changes which will come in the wake of the reduction and the elimination of international boundaries in Europe will be an increase in the linkages among nationally peripheral higher education institutions which happen to be close together but on opposite sides of common international borders. Such linkages, which will no doubt profit from the parallel movement to increase the financial independence of higher education institutions vis‐!‐vis their national authorities, will probably also affect the centre‐periphery balance of power within given national higher education administrative authorities. These questions and others should quickly be made the objects of good comparative studies.  相似文献   

超越技术整合走向技术转换     

Roberto Joseph  盛群力 《远程教育杂志》2003,1(5):13-16

时至今日,技术对美国基础教育的影响甚微,鉴于此,美国教育部及技术界领导人士近年来力主将技术与学校教学两者予以整合。这场“技术整合”运动主要还是聚焦于如何运用技术来支持当今学校已经采用的各种教学方式。然而,如果我们想要找到技术能够“转换”现有教学方式的新路径,也许应该迈出更大的步伐。  相似文献   

Newton and Colour: the Complex Interplay of Theory and Experiment     

Martins  Roberto De Andrade  Celestino  Cibelle 《Science & Education》2001,10(3):287-305

The general aim of this paper is to elucidate some aspects of Newton's theory of light and colours, specially as presented in his first optical paper of 1672. This study analyzes Newton's main experiments intended to show that light is a mixture of rays with different refrangibilities. Although this theory is nowadays accepted and taught without discussion it is not as simple as it seems and many questions may arise in a critical study. Newton's theory of light and colour can be used as an example of the great care that must be taken when History of Science is applied to science teaching. An inadequate use of History of Science in education may convey to the students a wrong conception of scientific method and a mythical idea of science.  相似文献   

Male professional tennis players maintain constant serve speed and accuracy over long matches on grass courts     

Javier Maquirriain  Roberto Baglione  Marcelo Cardey 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(7):845-849

The potential effect of fatigue on stroke production in tennis players is still controversial. The aim of this study was to analyse the tennis serve speed and accuracy in prolonged male professional matches played on grass courts. We analysed tennis serve statistics from five-set Wimbledon matches (n?=?15; 30 players). Results showed that match duration averaged 208.3?±?28.3?min. The overall serve speed was 177.0?±?10.2?km/h in the first set and 176.1?±?11.7?km/h in the fifth set (p?=?.34). The difference of all accuracy values of first set serves was not significantly different from those of the fifth set: percentage of valid first serves, 63.1?±?11.1% vs. 62.3?±?11.8%, respectively (p?=?.78); percentage of “aces”, 11.2?±?9.1% vs. 10.0?±?8.9%, respectively (p?=?.39); percentage of “winners”, 2.6?±?7.6% vs. 1.2?±?2.2%, respectively (p?=?.36); percentage of “double faults”, 2.8?±?3.0% vs. 2.8?±?3.4% (p?=?.97). In conclusion, tennis players were able to maintain constant serve speed and accuracy over five-set matches played on grass courts. Professional tennis players are capable of overcoming fatigue and/or make movement adjustments to effectively perform complex technical strokes like the serve throughout matches played on grass courts lasting more than 3?h in average.  相似文献