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61.
Shalini N. Maksane Sucheta P. Dandekar Akash Shukla Shobna Bhatia 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(1):108-116
The reference intervals (RIs) of serum aminotransferases and Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) have been established many years ago. Recent RIs are not available. The prospective study was conducted to re-evaluate the RIs of liver enzymes and the effect of demographic and anthropometric variables on them in western Indian population. A total of 1059 blood donors comprised the study population. Anthropometry and serum liver enzymes levels were measured. Subjects were categorized into normal weight and overweight by using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). For RI determination, non-parametric methodology recommended by IFCC/CLSI was adopted. Mann–Whitney test and Spearman’s rank correlation were used for statistical analysis. Upper limit of normal reference value of liver enzymes were lower in female compared to male. (ALT—23.55 F vs 36.00 M, GGT—34.58 F vs 36.20 M) When RI of liver enzymes were calculated according to body mass index, the upper limit of normal of ALT and GGT were higher in overweight group compared to normal weight group. (ALT—38.00 vs 27.00 IU/L and GGT—37.59 vs 35.26 IU/L). In both male and female, liver enzymes correlated significantly with age. WC and BMI were positively correlated with AST, ALT and GGT in both subgroups and the correlation was stronger in male. Demographic factors should be considered for making liver enzyme tests more clinically relevant. Gender based partitioning should be adopted for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and GGT reference values for Western Indian population. 相似文献
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Arun Kumar Singh Sunita Tiwari Abhishek Gupta Kamla Kant Shukla Kumar Gaurav Chhabra Achileshwar Pandey Aditya Bhushan Pant 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2015,30(3):255-262
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interrelated common clinical disorders. The role of resistin in insulin sensitivity and MetS is controversial till date. So, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of plasma resistin levels with markers of the MetS in Indian subjects. In a case control study, total 528 subjects were selected for the study. 265 (194 male and 71 female) were cases (with MetS) and 263 (164 male and 99 female) were controls (without MetS). Required anthropometric measurements and calculations were carried out accordingly. All the Biochemical estimations were carried out according to standard protocol. Resistin level was measured by the standard protocol (By ELISA i.e. enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) as illustrated in the kit. Insulin level was also measured by the standard protocol as illustrated in the kit and insulin resistance was calculated by the standard procedures. Plasma resistin levels were significantly higher in cases compared with controls (male = 13.05 ± 4.31 vs. 7.04 ± 2.09 ng/ml; p ≤ 0.001 and female = 13.53 ± 4.14 vs. 7.42 ± 2.30 ng/ml; p ≤ 0.001). Plasma resistin levels were well correlated with waist circumference, glucose, triglycerides, waist/hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, serum low density lipoprotein, serum very low density lipoprotein, insulin and insulin resistance. Plasma resistin levels were elevated in presence of the MetS and were associated with increased metabolic risk factors. 相似文献
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Shailja Chambial Kamla Kant Shukla Shailendra Dwivedi Pankaj Bhardwaj Praveen Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2015,30(3):357-359
Lead interferes with a variety of body processes and is toxic to many organs and tissues including the heart, bones, intestines, kidneys, and reproductive and nervous systems. Routes of exposure to lead include contaminated air, water, soil, food, and consumer products. The possibility of lead exposure in humans is therefore of great significance from health point of view. Occupational exposure is a common known cause of lead poisoning in adults but current status of adults exposed otherwise is not known. School teachers representing wide local population were selected and asked to furnish information regarding possible lead exposure. Blood lead level (BLL) was estimated using anodic stripping voltammetry. The mean BLL was 6.89 ± 9.5 μg/dl (<3.5–>65 μg/dl) in representative adult population. Out of the total 16 % were found to be having BLL >10 μg/dl which has significantly decreased from leaded gasoline era. Those with increased BLL (>10 μg/dl) were found to have common determinants like usage of old metallic pipes for plumbing, water consumption without any purification system, usage of cosmetics and Ayurvedic/herbal medicines. 相似文献
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Insincere respondents can have an adverse impact on the validity of substantive inferences arising from self-administered questionnaires (SAQs). The current study introduces a new method for identifying potentially invalid respondents from their atypical response patterns. The two-step procedure involves generating a response inconsistency (RI) score for each participant and scale on the SAQ and subjecting the resulting scores to latent profile analysis to identify classes of atypical RI respondent profiles. The procedure can be implemented post–data collection and is illustrated through a survey of school climate that was administered to N = 52,102 high school students. Results of this screening procedure revealed high levels of specificity and expected levels of concordance when contrasted with the results of traditionally used methods of screening items and response time. Contrasts between valid and invalid respondents revealed similar patterns across the three screening procedures when compared across external measures of academics and risk behaviors. 相似文献
66.
S. Gupta R. Shukla K. M. Prabhu S. Aggrawal U. Rusia P. S. Murthy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(1):58-63
Acute and chronic toxicity studies were conducted to assess toxicity of a partially purified preparation from the water extract
of the bark ofFicus bengalensis, which was demonstrated in our earlier studies to have significant hypoglycemic and hypocholesteroiemic effect on alloxan
induced, mild and severe diabetes in rabbits. LD50 of this preparation was found to be ∼1 gm/kg in rats when given orally. For chronic toxicity studies 3 doses of aqueous preparation
were given to 3 groups of rats. First group received 5 times ED50 (50 mg/kg), second group 10 times ED50 (100 mg/kg) and the third group 15 times ED50 (150 mg/kg) for 3 months. Fourth group which served as control was given water. After three months, blood was collected for
studying biochemical and hematological parameters. Blood glucose, serum cholesterol, liver and kidney function tests, haemoglobin,
total and differential leukocyte count were determined. Animals were sacrificed and histopathological examination of liver,
heart and kidneys was carried out. Results of the study showed that partially purified preparation fromFicus bengalensis is not toxic by all the above mentioned parameters. 相似文献
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Discrepancies among informants’ ratings of a given child's behavior complicate the study of linkages between child behavior and academic achievement. In the current study, we examined the potential moderating effect of informant type on associations between behavior and two types of achievement in a longitudinal growth model that captured children's development from 54 months of age through fifth grade. Latent internalizing and externalizing behavioral constructs, as separately measured by mothers and teachers, were modeled as time‐varying predictors of achievements to capture changes that occur as children progress through different developmental stages. Behavioral ratings obtained by both informants explained largely equivalent levels of reading achievement variance, and teachers’ ratings of child behavior explained more variance in analytic type achievements than did those of mothers. 相似文献
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The use of multiple informants is common in assessments that rely on the judgments of others. However, ratings obtained from different informants often vary as a function of their perspectives and roles in relation to the target of measurement, and causes unrelated to the trait being measured. We illustrate the usefulness of a latent variable multilevel multitrait–multimethod measurement model for extracting trait factors from reports of school climate obtained by students (N = 45,641) and teachers (N = 12,808) residing within 302 high schools. We then extend this framework to include assessments of linkages between the resulting trait factors and potential outcomes that might be used for addressing questions of substantive interest or providing evidence of concurrent validity. The approach is illustrated with data obtained from student and teacher reports of two dimensions of school climate, student engagement, and the prevalence of teasing and bullying in their schools. 相似文献
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In this study, we demonstrate a new perspective on in vitro assessment method for evaluating quantum dot (QD) toxicity by using microfluidics technology. A new biomimetic approach, based on the flow exposure condition, was applied in order to characterize the cytotoxic potential of QD. In addition, the outcomes obtained from the flow exposure condition were compared to those of the static exposure condition. An in vitro cell array system was established that used an integrated multicompartmented microfluidic device to develop a sensitive flow exposure condition. QDs modified with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide∕trioctylphosphine oxide were used for the cytotoxicity assessment. The results suggested noticeable differences in the number of detached and deformed cells and the viability percentages between two different exposure conditions. The intracellular production of reactive oxygen species and release of cadmium were found to be the possible causes of QD-induced cytotoxicity, irrespective of the types of exposure condition. In contrast to the static exposure, the flow exposure apparently avoided the gravitational settling of particles and probably assisted in the homogeneous distribution of nanoparticles in the culture medium during exposure time. Moreover, the flow exposure condition resembled in vivo physiological conditions very closely, and thus, the flow exposure condition can offer potential advantages for nanotoxicity research. 相似文献