The Origins of Football Debate: Football and Cultural Continuity, 1857–1859     

Peter Swain 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(5):631-649

This article seeks to add to the growing volume of evidence of a broad, tenacious and visible footballing culture throughout nineteenth-century Britain. It is argued that football persisted among the general population in a variety of forms, none of which required the assistance or involvement of the public schools or public schoolboys to ensure its survival as some historians had previously believed. Indeed, the sheer number of games, evidenced in a variety of forms and a variety of settings, suggests beyond reasonable doubt that most forms of football being played across the country were not formal matches but small-sided games played on church, works' or schools' outings, at rural fetes, galas and celebrations, or as street or casual football, the latter taking place on meadows, fields and greens. Contrary to orthodox historians, these games did survive through mid-century. Importantly, these were predominantly small-sided games and are the ones which are closest to Association football as it was codified in 1863 and hence of most interest to the debate on origins. Common sense then dictates that football can be seen as a cultural continuity, especially as far as the traditions of male youth are concerned, across the nineteenth century.  相似文献   

The Assessment of Project Work in Nuffield Advanced Biology and Nuffield Advanced Physical Science∗     

R.W. Fairbrother  J.R.L. Swain 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(2):92-99

The range of assessments made by teachers of the performance of their students in the Nuffield Advanced Biology project and the Nuffield Advanced Physical Science project was subjected to a factor analysis. The analyses reveal only one major factor for each project. An analysis of pooled assessments confirmed the existence of these factors and revealed that they are different for each project. The existence of only one major factor in the assessment of each project raises doubts about the validity of the teacher assessments or implies the existence of some general factor underlying performance on all the criteria for that project. The fact that the Biology factor is different from the Physical Science factor indicates that different abilities are being measured and so suggestions which have been made about using one project for both subjects would appear not to be feasible.

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Views on the philosophy of science among undergraduate science students and their tutors at the University of Papua New Guinea: origins,progression, enculturation and destinations     

Pongie Kichawen  Julian Swain  Martin Monk 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2013,31(1):81-98

Using a schedule originated by Nott and Wellington to explore science teachers’ views on the philosophy of science, data were gathered at the University of Papua New Guinea. Similarities in response were established for successive first year intakes of science undergraduates (1999–2000). Students with experience in national high schools or Australian high schools responded more positively than their provincial secondary school trained peers to items indicating that the findings of scientific enquiry were universally true. A cross‐sectional analysis showed the undergraduates in the third and fourth years to be more process orientated than the first or second years. Both the first and second years were different in their views compared with their tutors in the relativism–positivism scale, where they were more positivist, the contextualism–decontextualism scale, where they were less decontextualist, and the process–content scale where they were considerably less process orientated. Those with a preferred career destination of medicine were slightly more decontextualist in outlook while being marginally realist, those with a preferred physical science career being very weakly instrumentalist. The results can be interpreted in terms of respondents’ experiences in secondary schooling and on programmes at the University of Papua New Guinea.  相似文献   

Biochemical Profile of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients in Eastern India with Histopathological Correlation     

Manorama Swain  Preetam Nath  Prasant Kumar Parida  Jimmy Narayan  Pradeep Kumar Padhi  Girish Kumar Pati  Ayaskanta Singh  Bijay Misra  Debasis Misra  Sanjib Kumar Kar  Manas Kumar Panigrahi  Chudamani Meher  Omprakash Agrawal  Niranjan Rout  Kaumudee Pattnaik  Pallavi Bhuyan  Pramila Kumari Mishra  Shivaram Prasad Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(3):306-314

Aminotransferase assay is often used as a screening test as well as an endpoint for resolution of disease in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship of transaminase level with metabolic variables and histology in NAFLD. Single center observational study was conducted in a gastroenterology clinic at Cuttack in coastal Odisha. Subjects were consecutive patients presenting with functional bowel disease and undergoing abdominal sonography. All participants were evaluated for the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS), insulin resistance, liver function test and lipid profile. Various parameters were compared between NAFLD subjects and controls. 53.5 % of NAFLD had normal serum transaminases, whereas 20.8 % of healthy controls had transaminitis. NAFLD patients had significantly higher BMI, fasting plasma glucose, serum transaminases, serum triglycerides, serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) IR than controls. NAFLD patients who had transaminitis had significantly higher incidence of MS and higher mean HOMA IR than those without. There was no significant difference in histopathological features between NAFLD with and without transaminitis. To conclude, over half of NAFLD subjects do not have transaminitis while transaminitis is present in a fifth of healthy people without fatty liver. Hence serum transaminase should not be used as screening test for NAFLD. NAFLD patients with transaminitis had a higher incidence of MS and insulin resistance than those without. However, there was no significant difference in histopathological features between these two groups.  相似文献   

A Convention Highlight     

Benjamin Cohn  Phelon J. Malouf  Paul F. Munger  James A. Saum  Emeliza Swain  George E. Hill 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1966,5(2):111-112

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‘THE BREAD,THE JAM AND SOME COFFEE IN THE MORNING’: PERCEPTIONS OF A NURTURE GROUP     

Alison Bishop  John Swain 《Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties》2013,18(3):18-24

The provision of nurture groups has increasingly been advocated as a strategy for meeting the needs of young emotionally disturbed children (DfEE, 1998a, p.44). This article is based on a qualitative evaluation of a nurture group in a primary school situated in an inner‐city area of severe deprivation. Though criteria for success varied, the nurture group was viewed as effective from the different viewpoints of all involved, including teachers, parents and pupils. However, questions are raised about the group in terms of policies of inlcusion and teacher‐parent partnerships, suggesting that exclusion within mainstream schools may be fostered under the flag of inclusion.  相似文献   

Student voice and engagement: connecting through partnership     

Gray  Claire  Swain  Julie  Rodway-Dyer  Sue 《Tertiary Education and Management》2014,20(1):57-71

This paper draws on research conducted across an English higher education partnership to investigate the ways in which student voice was engaged in further education colleges offering university awards through partnership arrangements. Such collaborations are characterised by the marginal presence of higher education students in an environment that is dominated by further education structures, culture and practice. This provides challenges for both colleges and universities in developing higher education student identity and appropriate mechanisms of student engagement that comply with expectations within the higher education sector but also recognise the contextual situation of students within the college environment. It is argued that student partnership collaboration can be a positive driver in an increasingly marketised global environment, where student voice and feedback mechanisms are at the forefront of quality assessments and institutional reputation. An ideal types framework is suggested as a heuristic device for the evaluation of college strategies of engagement.  相似文献   

International Information and Library Review: A Ten Year Bibliometric Study     

Dillip K. Swain 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(3-4):113-124

The study intends to examine the publication patterns of International Information and Library Review from 2004 to 2013 and to predict the impact and influence of this established journal in the field of library and information science over the last decade. The study finds that International Information and Library Review has published the majority of papers in single authorship mode followed by in two-authorship mode while, contributions in three authorship and more than three-authorship mode are found less. The degree of collaboration in International Information and Library Review publications is found to be 0.45, indicating less intensity of collaborative trend of research. The study reveals that the University of Pittsburgh of the United States is the top performer with 12 authors followed by University of Wisconsin Milwaukee of the United States (10 authors), Universiteit van Pretoria of South Africa and University of the Punjab Lahore of Pakistan (7 authors each). In regard to geographical distribution of contributions, the United States is represented by contributions from 63 authors followed by India with 61 authors. Interestingly, 22 countries like, Argentina, Bhutan, Brazil, Cuba, and others have contributed one paper each. The study further reveals that Britz, J. J. of South Africa is identified as the most prolific author with a significant contribution of five papers followed by Bagheri, M. of Iran, Megnigbeto, E. of Benin, and Tuamsuk, K. of Thailand (four papers each). Moreover, the 2013 impact factor of International Information and Library Review based on records of Scopus citations is 0.588 and immediacy index is 0.09.  相似文献   

Preparing teacher leaders: Perceptions of the impact of a cohort-based, job embedded, blended teacher leadership program     

Dorene Ross  Alyson Adams  Elizabeth Bondy  Nancy Dana  Stephanie Dodman  Colleen Swain 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2011,27(8):1213-1222

This qualitative study was designed to examine teachers’ and principals’ perceptions of the impact of a graduate program designed to prepare teacher leaders. Impact was investigated through interviews with 20 graduates and 6 principals. Using Mezirow’s concept of transformational learning, the study documents perceived transformation of teachers’ frames of reference: two related to teaching (adopt an inquiry stance; learn to view oneself as an autonomous professional), and two related to leadership (adopt a leadership stance; view student learning as a communal responsibility). The study includes implications for the design of graduate level teacher education programs to enhance their impact and effectiveness.  相似文献   

An inside look at education and poverty     

Carol M. Swain 《Academic Questions》2006,19(2):47-53

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