Testgütekriterien der „Profilanalyse nach Grießhaber“. Evaluation eines Verfahrens zur Erfassung grammatischer Fähigkeiten von ein- und mehrsprachigen Grundschulkindern     

Birgit Ehl  Michèle Paul  Gunnar Bruns  Elisabeth Fleischhauer  Miriam Vock  Anna Gronostaj  Michael Grosche 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2018,21(6):1261-1281

A diagnostic goal of the “Profile analysis according to Grießhaber” is the assessment of the grammatical ability to place verbs in German sentences in the correct syntactical position. To evaluate the test quality for the first time, 403 monolingual and multilingual primary school children were randomly assigned to three different test materials: Test material that specifically stimulated the target competence led to the best test results. This indicates a low objectivity of application. In addition, ceiling effects for primary school children were detected, which means that the profile analysis can only slightly differentiate among the grammatical abilities of the children. Retest reliability and objectivity of analysis are also too small. In summary, the test quality of the assessment tool should be improved with respect to all of the test quality criteria considered. Hence, we recommend standardizing the profile analysis better and adding more sensitive diagnostic criteria for primary school aged children. Other aspects of profile analysis, for example the improvement of diagnostic competencies of teachers, are recommended for future research.  相似文献   

What motivates students? A study on the effects of teacher leadership and students’ self-efficacy     

Anna Öqvist  Malin Malmström 《International Journal of Leadership in Education》2018,21(2):155-175

Students’ educational motivation is significant for performance and achieving learning, but little is known about what fuels such motivation. Educational motivation is regarded as the drive and inner state that energise educational activities, facilitate learning and channel behaviour towards achieving educational goals. Educational motivation paves the way for students to learn and acquire the knowledge that is essential for successful study outcomes. This article aims to explore what determines students’ educational motivation. Building on the self-determination theory, we modelled the influence of teachers’ leadership and students’ self-efficacy on students’ educational motivation. We used survey data from a sample of upper secondary school students in Sweden; we received a total of 993 answers, equal to a response rate of 74%. The results show that students’ self-efficacy and teacher leadership are of extreme importance for students’ educational motivation, and that highly efficacious students lose most educational motivation when the teacher’s leadership is poor. The results thus support the importance of teachers’ leadership for encouraging student learning.  相似文献   

The shallows and the depths. Cognitive and social presence in blended tutoring     

Anna Turula 《Technology, Pedagogy and Education》2018,27(2):233-250

The article investigates a system of academic education called tutoring implemented in a blended format. It looks at this teaching and learning experience based on the results of a student satisfaction survey (N = 9) as well as the analysis of the discourse between the tutor and six tutees recorded during four meetings: two traditional and two cloud tutorials. It is argued here that the blended format is a good solution which enables the two modes to reinforce each other and compensate for each other’s deficiencies. By offering more interaction and establishing good rapport, the face-to-face meetings develop social presence. In turn, cognitive presence is stronger in the online tutorials, in which the students appear to have reached higher levels of critical thinking. What is more, these two types of tutorials appear to pave the way for each other.  相似文献   

桉树枝瘿姬小蜂幼虫空间分布型研究     

佟友贵  张开存  杨欣  张会燕  李安娜  窦报坤  熊忠平  潘涌智 《中国科技信息》2013,(10):95+105

桉树枝瘿姬小蜂是桉树的重要害虫,本文利用频次分布等各种指标以及Taylor幂法则、Iwao m*-m模型对其幼虫空间分布型进行了研究,结果表明:桉树枝瘿姬小蜂幼虫属于均匀分布,其Taylor幂法则回归方程为lgS2=-0.456+0.987lgx,Iwao m*-m回归方程为:m*=-0.644+0.999m,并对其最适理论抽样数公式进行了预测。为桉树枝瘿姬小蜂调查取样和防治工作提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Comparative Effectiveness of Two Methods of Teaching Physical Education to Elementary School Girls     

Anna B. Thaxton  Anne L. Rothstein  Nolan A. Thaxton 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):420-427

Abstract

This study was designed to determine whether there was a difference in the effectiveness of the traditional method and the movement exploration method of teaching physical education activities to elementary school girls. Four classes of fourth-grade girls (N = 67) were randomly assigned to the experimental conditions. A 2 × 2 × 3 factorial ANOVA with repeated measures on the last factor was used to analyze the data. The first factor consisted of the traditional and movement exploration teaching methods. The second was a combination of instructional time and retention time. The third was test period and had three levels: pretest, posttest, and retention test. Skills taught were gymnastics and tumbling, and basketball. It was concluded that a combination of methods should be used in teaching elementary school physical education activities, depending upon the activities to be taught. A four-week unit (two 50-min periods per week) is suggested as the appropriate length for nine and ten year olds.  相似文献   

Cardiovascular fitness and haemodynamic responses to maximal cycle ergometer exercise test in children 6–8 years of age     

Niina Lintu  Tuomo Tompuri  Anna Viitasalo  Sonja Soininen  Tomi Laitinen  Kai Savonen 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):652-659

Abstract

We investigated cardiovascular fitness and haemodynamic responses to maximal cycle ergometer exercise test in children. The participants were a population sample of 425 children (204 girls, 221 boys) aged 6–8 years. Heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured from the beginning of pre-exercise rest to the end of recovery period. We provided reference values for peak workload and changes in HR and SBP during and after maximal exercise test in girls and boys. Girls had a lower cardiovascular fitness, indicated by peak workload per body weight [mean (2 s) 2.7 (0.9) vs. 3.1 (1.0) W · kg^–1, P < 0.001] and lean mass [mean (2 s) 3.5 (0.9) vs. 3.8 (1.0) W· kg^–1, P < 0.001] than boys. Plateau or decline in SBP close to the end of the test was found in about third of children and was considered a normal SBP response. Girls had a slower HR decrease within 2 min after the test than boys [mean (2 s) 53 (18) vs. 59 (22) beats · min^–1, P < 0.001]. The results are useful for physicians and exercise physiologists to evaluate cardiovascular fitness and haemodynamic responses to exercise in children and to detect children with low exercise tolerance or abnormal haemodynamic responses to exercise.  相似文献   

Selection of Women Major Students in Physical Education     

Anna Espenschade 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):70-76

  相似文献   

The indifference of distinction. Art schools and the noblesse oblige of privileged students     

Anna Uboldi 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2020,41(3):346-360

ABSTRACT

A consolidated sociological line of the research allows us to understand the educational advantages of middle-class pupils in terms of the dynamics of reproduction [Bourdieu, P., and J. C. Passeron. 1970. The Inheritors: French Students and Their Relations to Culture, translated and edited by Richard Nice. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Power, S., T. Edwards, G. Whitty, and V. Wigfall. 2003. Education and the Middle Class. Buckingham: Open University Press]. However, some scholars have pointed out how this process cannot be taken for granted, highlighting the difficulties experienced by youths in reaching academic success [Reay, D., and H. Lucey. 2002. “Carrying the Beacon of Excellence: Social Class Differentiation and Anxiety at a Time of Transition.” Journal of Education Policy 17 (3): 321–336. Doi:10.1080/02680930210127586]. Based on Bourdieu’s perspective, this article will explore the links between low educational attainment, artistic passion, and high aspirations in privileged students. The research is based on in-depth interviews and focus groups with middle-class pupils in two secondary art schools in Milan. It is argued the artistic disposition acts within dynamics of negotiation among different and contrasting expectations. Creativity emerges as a source to perform gendered privileged learner identities. This study on artistic educational pathways can contribute to understanding the process-making of inequalities in creative fields.  相似文献   

Governance and knowledge transformations in educational administration: Greek responses to global policies     

Polychronis Sifakakis  Anna Tsatsaroni  Antigone Sarakinioti  Menie Kourou 《Journal of educational administration and history》2016,48(1):35-67

This article explores the localisation of the global and European discourse of educational governance in the Greek education system through the changes that have been introduced in the field of education administration since 2009 by the then socialist government. Our research aims to contribute to the critical policy literature on the spreading marketisation and privatisation in the governing of education around the world and in Europe – through the adoption of New Public Management and Educational Leadership models. In developing our theoretical perspective, we use the Foucauldian concepts of governmentality and discourse, and in order to conceptualise power and control relations in the organisation, transmission, acquisition, and evaluation of pedagogical knowledge, we draw on Bernstein's theory of symbolic control. Our study has examined how the field of education administration is governed through power and knowledge transformations. We trace these transformations by analysing systematically the pedagogic discourse through which the global governance discourse is relayed and becomes a ‘regime of truth’ within public policy and practice in Greece. We argue that such changes have significant implications for everyday educational practice and for the kinds of knowledge that are considered legitimate, and they may affect educational professionals' subjectivities in fundamental ways.  相似文献   

A pedagogical analysis of science textbooks: How can we proceed?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dr Vasilis Koulaidis  Anna Tsatsaroni 《Research in Science Education》1996,26(1):55-71

This paper discusses some of the available frameworks for the pedagogical analysis of school science textbooks. First, it distinguishes between (a) studies which focus on elements of textbooks, such as the content, vocabulary, illustrations used, and the teaching methods promoted; and (b) those which consider the principles that organize the content and the form of presentation. In attempting to consider the sorts of principles that may be used in the studies categorised under (b), two crucial issues are discussed. The first issue refers to the relationship between scientific knowledge and school knowledge, which, as the relevant literature suggests, might not be conceived merely as a simplified “casting” of the scientific structure, but rather should be understood as a complex social process. The second issue explicitly addresses the nature of the pedagogic relationship and the place of the pedagogic text within it. Recent views about the nature of knowledge, it is argued, would suggest a reconceptualisation of the teaching activity, and indicate a model according to which the three elements of the teaching situation-the content, the pupil and the teacher—are seen as being (re)constituted in their articulation within and through the text(book). Thus, for example, what is to be a competent pupil in this approach is a function of the text. On the basis of these considerations, three approaches to the analysis of science textbooks are discussed: the socio-cognitive, the sociolinguistic and the socio-epistemic. The relative merits of the third approach are considered, and some examples are used from Greek science textbooks.  相似文献