What is Knowledge in English and Where Does it Come From?     

Gill Anderson 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2015,22(1):26-37

By offering a close reading and interpretation of one conversation between four Year 8 pupils about Robert Swindell’s Stone Cold, I aim to address questions of what might count as knowledge in English and to suggest how it might develop not only out of the qualities of a text, but from particular social relations and a set of pedagogic choices. I argue for a refocusing of attention away from the ‘acquisition’ of ‘cultural capital’ or ‘powerful disciplinary knowledge’ by individual pupils, towards the cultural resources and cultural productivity of pupils and teachers. I go on to suggest that serious consideration of such conversations as evidence of learning poses a significant challenge to dominant theories and research methodologies that locate knowledge and ability within the minds of individual pupils. Instead, my reading of this classroom interaction suggests the creative potential of discussion in diverse, urban classrooms to contribute to a fuller account of learning that pays proper attention to its roots in the social and affective realms. Crucially, part of my argument is that classrooms such as the one in which the conversation took place offer unique opportunities and conditions for the development of a pedagogy that both draws on and negotiates difference and is therefore culturally productive in a wider sense.  相似文献   

Lessons learned from ten years of distance learning outreach     

Craig Locatis  Cynthia Gaines  Wei-Li Liu  Michael Gill  Michael Ackerman 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2015,103(2):78-82

Objective:The study tested the efficacy of providing distance learning with real-time videoconferencing to broaden high school student knowledge of health careers.Methods:A pilot program was tried out and extended over ten years to include other schools in four different time zones and the National Library of Medicine. Survey results, site visits, and continued school participation were used as effectiveness indicators. Student ratings, site visits, and ongoing discussions were used to evaluate critical factors in the program.Results:Nine program factors contributed to success.Conclusions:Synchronous communication can be effective for outreach to special populations given appropriate infrastructure, technology, program design, and implementation.  相似文献   

The match demands of international rugby sevens     

Alex Ross  Nicholas Gill  John Cronin 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(10):1035-1041

The purpose of this study was to quantify the global match demands of international rugby sevens and to compare the match demands of forwards and backs, and between tournament rounds. To assess the match demands, global positioning system (GPS) and video analysis were collected from 27 international rugby sevens players from the same team across an entire International Rugby Board Sevens World Series season. Differences in running demands and match activities between forwards and backs were mostly trivial and small (ES = 0.05–0.84) while differences in running demands and match activities between Pool and Cup rounds were trivial (ES = 0.001–0.12). Cup round matches showed an increase in long-duration ball-in-play sequences (proportion ratio 0.46). These findings suggest international rugby sevens forwards and backs experience similar match demands while overall match demands remain consistent across tournament rounds.  相似文献   

Materials and techniques: Early Buddhist wall paintings and sculptures at Sumda Chun,Ladakh     

Maninder Singh Gill  Carolina Priego Rendo 《文物保护研究》2014,59(5):300-313

An assemblage of Buddhist wall paintings and sculptures dating to the twelfth/early thirteenth century are found distributed over the interiors of the temple complex at Sumda Chun, Ladakh. Detailed investigations carried out as part of a conservation project shed light on their antiquity and production technology. The sculptures are constructed with fine mud mortar applied over a wooden armature and affixed to the walls without any support from the ground. In both the sculptures and wall paintings, the paint layer is applied over a thin gypsum ground that functions as a white colourant where unpainted. For the paint layer, azurite, vermilion, and orpiment are the dominant mineral pigments utilized. Minium (red lead) has been used for preparatory drawings and as paint. Highlighting of special areas was achieved using a laminate of tin–lead alloy and gold on relief. Overall the material and techniques employed in the execution of the wall paintings and sculptures are consistent with those reported for other early sites in the region.  相似文献   

The Undressed Newsroom     

Kateřina Sv. Gillárová 《Journalism Practice》2014,8(5):607-618

Rapidly changing working conditions in recent years, along with the need to reduce the costs of news production, require journalists to adapt. Our suggestion here is that many of the research methods for analysing journalists' work environments to date are no longer sufficient for capturing this ongoing change. In searching for new approaches to analysis of the journalistic environment, we decided to apply visual ethnography, a method not yet used in the Czech Republic and not much used in the world beyond. For our pilot study of Czech newsrooms, we worked with both photographs taken of the journalists involved in our project and photographs taken by our research team (photographs showed both journalists' working conditions and working processes). We then interviewed the journalists about the photographs and more widely about their working practices and conditions. This paper presents the results of the research but also considers the advantages and challenges of the visual ethnographic approach and its implementation in media environments.  相似文献   

Perspectives in Medical Geography: Theory and Applications for Librarians,Cardiac Drugs: An Evidence-Based Approach and Atlanta's Living Legacy: A History of Grady Memorial Hospital and Its People     

Mina Davenport 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2014,102(4):301-302

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Effect of Resveratrol and Nicotine on PON1 Gene Expression: In Vitro Study     

Nidhi Gupta  Ramesh Kandimalla  Kumari Priyanka  Gagandip Singh  Kiran Dip Gill  Surjit Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(1):69-73

Dietary and lifestyle factors have been shown to have a profound effect on paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity. Cigarette smoke has been shown to inhibit its mass and activity where as resveratrol has been shown to enhance it. We exposed hepatoma derived cell line (HepG2) to resveratrol and nicotine in varying doses and measured PON1 enzymatic activity and PON1 gene expression. In addition, total protein content of HepG2 cells was also measured. Resveratrol in a dose of 15 μmol/l or above significantly increased the PON1 enzyme activity (p > 0.001) where as nicotine in a dose of 1 μmol/l or higher significantly reduced it (p < 0.05). The resveratrol in this dose also enhanced the PON1 gene expression whereas nicotine decreased it as compared to controls. However, the protein conent of cells was not changed suggesting that they were not cytotoxic in the doses used. Till date the antioxidant vitamins have shown disappointing results against LDL oxidation and cardiovascular protection. However, the effect of resveratrol on PON1 gene expression and activity was significant, suggesting increase in PON1 activity and enhanced gene expression may be its alternative mechanism for offering protection against cardiovascular disease and may be an potential pharmacological agent which can be used for this.  相似文献   

Extrinsic Threshold PEEP Reduces Post-exercise Dyspnea in COPD Patients: A Placebo-controlled,Double-blind Cross-over Study     

A. Daniel Martin  Paul W Davenport 《Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal》2011,22(3):5-10

Purpose: Most patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complain of dyspnea during and following exercise, and the development of intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is thought to contribute to lung hyperinflation and dyspnea. Many people with COPD use pursed lip breathing (PLB) in an attempt to produce extrinsic PEEP to reduce lung hyperinflation and dyspnea during and following exertion. We hypothesized that the use of a threshold, extrinsic PEEP device would reduce post-exercise dyspnea in people with COPD. Methods: A double blind, crossover study was conducted on post-exercise dyspnea in 8 patients with COPD whose exercise tolerance was limited by dyspnea. Subjects performed two identical 6-minute treadmill bouts that led to a Borg dyspnea rating of at least 5/10. Dyspnea, heart rate, and oxygen-hemoglobin saturation (SpO₂) were recorded at rest, every 2 minutes during exercise and at 2, 5, and 10 minutes post-exercise. Immediately following the exercise bouts, the subjects used either a threshold PEEP device for 6 breaths at 10 cm H₂O or a Sham device. Results: Heart rate and SpO₂ were not different between treatments any time point before, during, or after exercise. Dyspnea ratings were not different between devices at rest or during exercise, but were lower in the post-exercise period following use of PEEP (p < 0.05). When asked which device, if any, the subjects would prefer to use to relieve post-exercise dyspnea, 7 of 8 chose the PEEP device and one had no preference. Conclusions: We found that the use of a PEEP device can help reduce postexercise dyspnea in patients with COPD.Key Words: COPD, dyspnea, pursed lip breathing, PEEP, exertion  相似文献   

Why and where to exhibit     

Anne Davenport 《Learned Publishing》1995,8(2):113-117

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Modifying vocational education curricula to accommodate handicapped learners: combining the efforts of special and vocational teachers     

John Langone  Douglas H. Gill 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1984,31(1):39-45

A systems approach to modifying existing vocational curricula to meet the needs of handicapped learners is presented. The roles of both special and vocational educators at each level of the modification process are discussed, together with the process as it is applied to a component of agricultural education. A significant amount of instructional technology is necessary to successfully integrate many handicapped learners into the regular vocational education environment: vocational education for handicapped persons needs to move from the stage of awareness to that of implementation.  相似文献