The development of assistive dementia technology that accounts for the values of those affected by its use     

Oliver K. Burmeister 《Ethics and Information Technology》2016,18(3):185-198

Developing technology that accounts for values has been achieved in many areas, including security, gaming, finance, engineering, and many more. The main methodological approach has been that of value sensitive design. But most of the work to date has been on the first of its three stages. The focus of this article is on advances related to its second stage, empirical investigation, and in particular the impact of contextual understanding in that stage. Although lessons can be learnt from other domains, the specific context of dementia means that there are nuances to understanding values, including justice and autonomy, that differ from other areas. The integration of value considerations in the development of assistive technology in dementia is explored in two broad categories: the traditional and ongoing need for fixed decision support, and adaptable decision support technologies. For fixed decision support the A&D Benchmark is particularly useful in design. But for adaptable technologies, that benchmark requires further development, including consideration of the values of additional stakeholders, such as the general public.  相似文献   

Oxidant and antioxidant status in vegetarians and fish eaters     

K. Poornima  M. Cariappa  K. Asha  H. P. Kedilaya  M. Nandini 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):197-205

An adequate antioxidant reserve which is usually present in a vegetarian diet is associated with higher life expectancy. On the other hand habitual consumption of fish is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases which is attributed to the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) present in it. However the PUFA are readily susceptible to oxidation leading to the formation of free radicals which is known to be involved in the causation of several diseases. The oxidant-antioxidant status of 23 vegetarians and 22 fish eaters was studied by determining the plasma lipid peroxides measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) and the antioxidants, viz. glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid, ceruloplasmin and uric acid. Results show that the ascorbic acid values were significantly higher in vegetarians. In addition, MDA correlated negatively with ascorbic acid only in vegetarians. However, correlation of MDA with glutathione showed a significant negative correlation only in fish eaters. There was no statistically significant difference in the MDA, GSH, ceruloplasmin and uric acid levels. The mechanism behind these findings are not clear and needs to be explored.  相似文献   

Design of 2-D stable analog and recursive digital filters using properties of the derivative of even or odd Parts of Hurwitz polynomials     

V. Ramachandran  M. Ahmadi 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1983,315(4):259-267

In this paper, a method for the design of 2-D analog and recursive digital filters is presented. Starting from a structure in the analog domain, suitable even or odd parts of two-variable Hurwitz polynomials are generated. This enables 2-variable very strictly Hurwitz polynomials (VSHP) to be obtained,² thus avoiding non-essential singularities of the second kind. Thus it will ensure a stable 2-D recursive digital filter obtained by the use of bilinear transformations. Examples are given to illustrate the method.  相似文献   

A conceptual model of taste receptors     

Syed Shamil B.Sc.  Ph.D.  C.Chem.  M.R.S.C.  M.I.F.S.T.  Gordon G. Birch B.Sc.  Ph.D.  D.Sc.  F.R.C.S.  F.I.F.S.T. 《Endeavour》1990,14(4)

Of all the senses, that of taste is perhaps the hardest to define and quantify and elucidation of the underlying mechanisms is unrespondingly difficult. This article describes a conceptual model — at the molecular level — for the four basic taste modalities, using apparent specific volume as a fundamental parameter. It also considers possible practical applications.  相似文献   

Analysis of SEVA TB ES-31 antigen specific immunoglobulins IgM, IgA and IgG in sera of sputum and culture positive pulmonary tuberculosis     

Sonika Gupta  Niraj Shende  Swati Banerjee  Satish Kumar  M. V. R. Reddy  Bhaskar C. Harinath 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(1):5-8

Tuberculosis remains major health problem in India and developing countries Immunodiagnosis has important role in screening, diagnosis and management of tuberculosis. SEVA TB ES-31 antigen has shown potential in detecting tuberculous IgG antibody in earlier studies from our laboratory. In the present study we have analysedSEVA TB ES-31 antigen specific immunoglobulinsIgM, IgA and IgG in clinically and bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis cases to determine the usefulness of specific immunoglobulin class in the diagnosis of patients attending the hospital. Of the 30 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis 25 (83.3%) were positive for IgG, 19 (63.3%) for IgM and 16 (53.3%) for IgA. On combining IgG and IgM positivity, sensitivity was increased to 93.3%. While combining IgG and IgA positivity, sensitivity increased to 90%. However specificity was decreased to 66.6% and 70% for both of these combinations respectively. It could be envisaged from this study that IgG antibody detection against ES-31 antigen showed acceptable sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (86.6%) compared to IgM or IgA alone or in combination. When immune responses were analysed according to degree of sputum positivity, IgG response was observed to be predominant in all grades, compared to IgM or IgA antibody. The addition of IgM or IgA as an adjunct test increases the sensitivity but at the cost of specificity. Hence the detection of IgG alone is more useful compared to IgM or IgA assay, in detecting tuberculosis disease cases coming to the hospital.  相似文献   

On the convergence of continued radicals with applications to polynomial equations     

R.I. Andrushkiw 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1985

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Biology of the cyclostomes : By M. W. Hardisty. Pp. 427. Chapman & Hall, London. 1979. £20.00     

I. A. Payne 《Endeavour》1980,4(4)

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Glimpses of science and technology in ancient and mediaeval India     

B. V. Subbarayappa Ph.D. 《Endeavour》1982,6(4)

Throughout 1982 Britain has been celebrating the Festival of India. Its purpose has been to focus attention on India's contribution to many aspects of human achievement—in art and literature, in dancing and drama, and in science and technology. In London, a special Science in India exhibition was staged at the Science Museum. This article reviews the scientific achievements of ancient and mediaeval India.  相似文献   

Faecal fat content in healthy adults by the ‘acid steatocrit method’     

Anita R. Bijoor  S. Geetha  T. Venkatesh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):20-22

Malabsorption syndromes causing steatorrhoea are quite common in India. Estimation of faecal fat is an important non-invasive investigation, which provides vital information regarding the occurrence of malabsorption. The aim of this study was to estimate the fat excretion per day in stools of apparently healthy adults on an unrestricted diet in random spot stool samples using the Acid Steatocrit Method, which provides an alternate, simpler and yet reliable method of stool fat estimation. Several studies have proved the correlation of the acid steatocrit method with the conventional methods. In India, however, there has been no published data regarding the normal levels of fat in the stools, by the acid steatocrit method. We follow the normal range values, as set by the United States and the European countries, not having a range for the Indian population. Hence, we took up a preliminary study, to estimate stool fat in a section of normal and healthy Indian population. The result obtained after screening 600 healthy and normal adults, showed the mean of stool fat to be 8.72 gms/24 hours, which is much higher than that, defined by Western literature (7 gms/24 hours). This can be accounted for, by the cultural and ethnic variations in dietary and food habits. Further studies are required in the same direction, involving larger population groups, and in different malabsorptive conditions.  相似文献   

Isis cumulative bibliography 1913–1965: A bibliography of the history of science formed from Isis critical bibliographies 1–90, 1913–1965. Vol. 6. Author index: Edited by Magda Whitrow. Pp. viii + 341. Mansell,London. 1984. £40.00     

Trevor I Williams 《Endeavour》1985,9(3):154

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