Environmental education research in Brazil     

Flávia Torreão Thiemann  Luiz Marcelo de Carvalho  Haydée Torres de Oliveira 《Environmental Education Research》2018,24(10):1441-1446

Abstract

This Editorial to the current collection provides a brief historical, cultural, regional and contemporary picture of environmental education research in Brazil. Its main purpose is to offer readers a short background and orientation to the collection, and in so doing, illustrate how its contributions relate to some wider tendencies, trends and issues in environmental education, as well as to different locales of research and knowledge generation in the country. Of particular note for environmental education in Brazil are: the effects of social and political backdrops and issues, the unique environments on which environmental education is grounded, and how environmental education research, in turn, may echo or influence particular educational and public policies.  相似文献   

A study of writing mechanisms in Spanish primary education children / Estudio de los mecanismos de escritura en niños españoles de Educación Primaria     

Nagore González-Martín  Paz Suárez-Coalla  Olivia Afonso  Fernando Cuetos 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2017,40(1):88-119

Several studies performed on deep orthography systems reveal variables that influence writing latencies that occur over the course of learning. In transparent orthographies such as Spanish there are very few studies on writing that measure latencies and duration. The aim of this present study was to take a more in-depth look at knowledge of the writing mechanisms used by Spanish children in primary education, by studying the errors, latencies and duration of the writing of words. To do this, sixty children performed a copying task and a dictation task with regular words of different frequency and length. The obtained results show changes in the writing mechanisms used by the children as they became more expert, as indicated by the greater effect of word length in the first years of primary. This word length effect is a more determining factor with regard to the number of letters in words than for the number of syllables. These results hold important implications for the teaching of writing in Spanish.  相似文献   

On the perceptions of students and professors in the implementation of an inter-university engineering PBL experience     

Lidón Moliner  Luis Cabedo  Marta Royo  Jose Gámez-Pérez  Pablo Lopez-Crespo  Mercè Segarra 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2019,44(5):726-744

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Students’ Ideas and Radical Constructivism     

Pedro J. Sánchez Gómez 《Science & Education》2016,25(5-6):629-650

In this article, I study, from the point of view of the analytic philosophy of mind, the compatibility of students’ ideas studies (SIS) with radical constructivism (RC). I demonstrate that RC is based on a psychology of narrow mental states; that is, the idea that the mental content of an individual can be fully characterised without any reference external to her or him. I show that this fact imposes some severe restrictions to SIS to be incorporated into RC. In particular, I argue that only qualitative studies can comply with the requirement of narrowness. Nevertheless, I propose that quantitative works can be employed as sources of types in order to study token actual students. I use this type-token dichotomy to put forward an outline of a theory of the relation between school contents and mental contents. In this view, token mental contents regarding a given topic can be defined, and probed, only by resorting to typical school contents.  相似文献   

Sport Versus Bullfighting: The New Civilizing Sensitivity of Regenerationism and its Effect on the Leisure Pursuits of the Spanish at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century     

Antonio Rivero Herraiz  Raúl Sánchez-García 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(10):1065-1078

Abstract

This article analyzes the influence of the new civilizing sensitivity of the Spanish regenerationists in the introduction of sport, in place of bullfighting, during the first third of the twentieth century. Following the colonial collapse of the late nineteenth century and the subsequent demoralization of the country, the regenerationists saw in physical education and sport a way to reform the broken Spanish population. Sport had arrived in Spain in the mid-nineteenth century by way of the aristocracy and would then spread to the urban middle classes, imbued with the reformist sense of the regenerationists. It came in the form of amateur sport, with values of modernity and a civilizing sensitivity which were diametrically opposed to activities such as bullfighting that had such great support from the Spanish public. Amongst the urban middle classes, sport developed as a kind of amateur practice, used for the formation of a more civilized character and the expression of individuality; on the contrary, amongst the working classes, sport spread primarily in its professional form, by way of mass spectator sports (football and boxing), representing a civilizing spurt in severing the link between entertainment and death which was central to bullfighting.  相似文献   

Influence of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on running and jumping performance during early morning soccer scrimmaging     

Veronika Přibyslavská  Eric Michael Scudamore  Samantha Louise Johnson  James Matthew Green  Mary Caitlin Stevenson Wilcoxson  Jordan Blaine Lowe 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(4):441-447

Carbohydrate mouth rinse (CMR) is a novel method proposed to enhance endurance performance lasting ≤ 60 min. The current study examined the influence of CMR on anaerobic performance tasks in 11 collegiate female soccer players after an overnight fast. Athletes completed two experimental sessions, during which carbohydrate (CHO; 6% maltodextrin) or taste- and colour-matched placebo (PLA) mouth-rinse solutions were administered in a counterbalanced, double-blinded design. Three rounds of a 5-min scrimmage bout and series of performance tests including a single countermovement vertical jump (1VJ), a set of four consecutive vertical jumps, a 72-m shuttle run (SR72) and 18-m sprint comprised each trial. Thirst sensation (TS), session TS, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and session RPE were assessed as secondary outcomes. The first SR72 approached significance (p = 0.069), but no significant between-trials differences were observed for any of the mean performance tasks. The highest 1VJ scores did not differ for the first (CHO = 47.3 ± 3.4, PLA = 47.7 ± 3.5 cm; p = 0.43), second (CHO = 48.0 ± 4.1, PLA = 47.9 ± 3.5 cm; p = 0.82) or third bout (CHO = 47.4 ± 3.9, PLA = 48.1 ± 3.9 cm; p = 0.26). TS approached significance (p = 0.053) during the first bout. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found for any of the perceptual variables. Current results fail to support ergogenic influence of CMR on anaerobic performance tasks in collegiate female athletes.  相似文献   

A shorter set reduces the loss of cardiac autonomic and baroreflex control after resistance exercise     

Xián Mayo  Eduardo Carballeira-Fernández  Miguel Fernández-Del-Olmo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):996-1004

Set configuration may affect the recovery pattern of cardiac vagal autonomic and reflex modulation after a resistance exercise, since it is closely associated with intensity and volume and determines the metabolic involvement of the session. We tested the hypothesis that longer set configurations have a higher impact on cardiac autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity compared with shorter set configurations. We studied the effects of three set configurations with the same components of work on the cardiac autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity. Seventeen subjects performed one control session and three experimental sessions of a leg-press exercise with the same volume (40 repetitions), resting time (720?s) and intensity (10RM load): (a) 5 sets of 8 repetitions with 3?min of rest between sets (8S), (b) 10 sets of 4 repetitions with 80?s of rest between sets (4S) and (c) 40 sets of 1 repetition with 18.5?s of rest between each repetition (1S). Longer set configurations (8S and 4S) induced greater reductions of the vagal cardiac autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity (p?≤?.001) compared with a shorter set configuration (1S). Also, 1S had non-significant reductions versus the control session (p?>?.05). These findings suggest that a shorter set configuration can reduce the impact of resistance exercise on the post-exercise cardiac vagal autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity.  相似文献   

Non-linear resistance training reduces inflammatory biomarkers in persons living with HIV: A randomized controlled trial     

Hugo Ribeiro Zanetti  Lucas Gonçalves da Cruz  Camilo Luís Monteiro Lourenço  Fernando de Freitas Neves  Mário Leon Silva-Vergara  Edmar Lacerda Mendes 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1232-1239

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of 12 weeks of non-linear resistance training (NLRT) on anthropometry, muscle strength and inflammatory biomarkers in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (PIHIV). Thirty previously sedentary PIHIVs were randomized into the NLRT (n?=?15) and control (CON, n?=?15) groups. NLRT group were submitted to 12 weeks of training, whereas the CON group maintained their daily habits. At baseline and after 12 weeks, both groups underwent anthropometric evaluations and blood sampling for the analysis of inflammatory biomarkers. Analysis of covariance using preintervention values as covariate was performed to determine the effects of exercise on anthropometry, muscle strength, cytokines levels and T cells. Significance was set at p?p?p p?=?.009), blood levels of interleukin (IL)-1β (p?=?.029), IL-6 (p?=?.005), IL-8 (p?=?.010), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α (p?=?.001) and an increase in muscle strength (p?p?=?.030) and CD4⁺ (p?=?.004) and CD8⁺ (p?相似文献   

Higher bone mass in prepubertal and peripubertal female footballers     

M. Plaza-Carmona  G. Vicente-Rodríguez  A. Gómez-Cabello  M. Martín-García  J. Sánchez-Sánchez  L. Gallardo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(7):877-883

Objectives: The main aim of this study was to compare the bone mass of female football players with controls of different pubertal stages. Methods: Sixty five girls aged 8–14 years (10.14?±?0.1, Tanner stages I–IV) participated in the study. Twenty participants were prepubertal (10 prepubertal control) and 45 peripubertal (15 peripubertal control). All footballers trained two days per week while the control group did not perform regular physical activity outside of school. Body composition was assessed by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Analysis of covariance was performed to evaluate differences in lean and bone masses. Results: Significant differences in lower-body extremities lean mass (LLM) between peripubertal groups were found (P?P?P?Conclusion: Female footballers showed higher bone and lean masses compared to control counterparts; these differences are already detectable at prepubertal ages and more consistent after pubertal spurt.  相似文献   

School counsellors in cultural diversity contexts. An analysis of their practice / El orientador escolar en contextos de diversidad cultural. Un análisis de su práctica     

Inmaculada González-Falcón  José M. Coronel-Llamas  R. Ignacio Correa-García 《Cultura y Educación》2016,28(2):419-433

This article includes the assessments made by four counsellors of their work in cultural diversity management in Huelva (Spain). Using interviews and focus groups, together with other qualitative research techniques, we examined the counsellors’ intervention models and the relationships they maintain with other members of the educational community to address issues raised by the presence of immigrant students in their respective schools. The results of the experiment emphasize the predominant use of a clinical intervention model, along with limited and isolated collaborations with teachers and other education agents (administrators, social workers, families). However, in recent years, the institutional consolidation of counsellors in schools and their commitment to prevention and collaborative work creates opportunities for a new, more participatory intervention model that would better manage cultural diversity.  相似文献