Time–motion analysis of elite field hockey,with special reference to repeated-sprint activity     

Matt Spencer  Steven Lawrence  Claire Rechichi  David Bishop  Brian Dawson  Carmel Goodman 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):843-850

Limited information exists about the movement patterns of field-hockey players, especially during elite competition. Time–motion analysis was used to document the movement patterns during an international field-hockey game. In addition, the movement patterns of repeated-sprint activity were investigated, as repeated-sprint ability is considered to be an important fitness component of team-sport performance. Fourteen members of the Australian men's field-hockey team (age 26±3 years, body mass 76.7±5.6?kg, [Vdot]O_2max 57.9±3.6?ml?·?kg^?1?·?min^?1; mean±s) were filmed during an international game and their movement patterns were analysed. The majority of the total player game time was spent in the low-intensity motions of walking, jogging and standing (46.5±8.1, 40.5±7.0 and 7.4±0.9%, respectively). In comparison, the proportions of time spent in striding and sprinting were 4.1±1.1 and 1.5±0.6%, respectively. Our criteria for ‘repeated-sprint’ activity (defined as a minimum of three sprints, with mean recovery duration between sprints of less than 21?s) was met on 17 occasions during the game (total for all players), with a mean 4±1 sprints per bout. On average, 95% of the recovery during the repeated-sprint bouts was of an active nature. In summary, the results suggest that the motion activities of an elite field-hockey competition are similar to those of elite soccer, rugby and Australian Rules football. In addition, the investigation of repeated-sprint activity during competition has provided additional information about the unique physiological demands of elite field-hockey performance.  相似文献   

Performance of Administration Oriented Male Physical Educators on Selected Psychological Tests     

Lawrence F. Locke 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):418-429

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to inquire into the validity of certain aspects of the public image of the physical educator through the use of selected psychological test instruments, and to assess these factors in a group of administration oriented physical educators. The performances of the physical educators differed significantly from those of a group of classroom teachers on each of three psychological measures. The direction of some of the differences provides support for the public image of the physical educator. Conclusions must be modified by the fact that a high degree of overlap exists between the performance distributions of the two groups and by the observation that the differences were altered sharply by experimental changes in the membership of the physical education group.  相似文献   

Stabilometer Performance of Educable Mentally Retarded and Normal Children     

Helen M. Eckert  G. Lawrence Rarick 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):619-623

Abstract

Five trials on the stabilometer were administered to 274 EMR children ages 6 to 13 years and 151 normal children ages 6 to 9 years. Older EMR boys and girls had slightly more board movement than younger EMR children whereas there was a tendency for board movement to decrease with age for the normal children. There were no appreciable sex differences between the EMR and the normal age groupings with the exception that board movement of the young EMR boys was significantly less than that of the young and old EMR girls. Normal children had significantly less board movements than EMR children at all age levels. There was some decrease in relative intra-individual variability with increasing age for both EMR and normal children but normal children were more efficient in early learning than EMR children.  相似文献   

Effect of cluster set configurations on power clean technique     

Justin P. Hardee  Marcus M. Lawrence  Kevin A. Zwetsloot  N. Travis Triplett  Alan C. Utter 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):488-496

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of cluster set configurations on power clean technique. Ten male, recreational weightlifters performed three sets of six repetitions at 80% of one repetition max with 0 (P0), 20 (P20) or 40 seconds (P40) inter-repetition rest. During the first and second set of P0, the catch and first pull were in a more forward position during repetition 6 as compared to repetition 1, respectively. During the second set of P40, differences in horizontal displacement were found between repetitions 1 and 6 for the second pull and the loop. During the third set of P40, differences in horizontal displacement were found between repetitions 1 and 6 for the first pull, transition, and beginning of the second pull. No differences in horizontal displacement were found between repetitions 1 and 6 during P20. During each set of P0, vertical displacement decreased between repetitions 1 and 6 (1.02 ± 0.07 m vs. 0.94 ± 0.06 m; Mean ± s). Cluster set configurations led to the maintenance of vertical displacement throughout all sets. The results demonstrate cluster set configurations with greater than 20 seconds inter-repetition rest maintain weightlifting technique to a greater extent than a traditional set configuration.  相似文献   

College students' perceptions,myths, and stereotypes about African American athleticism: a qualitative investigation     

Keith C. Harrison  Suzanne Malia Lawrence 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(1):33-52

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Techniques and considerations for determining isoinertial upper‐body power     

Michael J. Falvo  Brian K. Schilling  Lawrence W. Weiss 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(2):293-311

Power is an integral aspect of many sports. Although power output of the lower body is often measured during jumping and cycling movements, much less is known about power as pertains to the upper body musculature. Recently, isoinertial methods ‐ with constant gravitational load ‐ of power testing have become common, but little is known of the reliability and criterion validity of these tests as they pertain to sport performance. In addition, the varied methodology makes a lucid model more evasive. The aims of this review are to examine the various methods of assessing upper body power, to establish its role in predicting athletic performance, and to assess the body of literature that has assessed power output of the upper extremities by isoinertial methods. To our knowledge, only two studies on isoinertial upper‐body power have shown a direct correlation to sporting ability (Baker, 2001; Baker et al., 2001); therefore, many unanswered questions exist as to the efficacy of these tests as predictors of athletic ability or as a method to track athletes’ training over time. From this review we hope to allow the sport coach to assess the overall utility of these tests in terms of availability, safety and external validity.  相似文献   

The development, validation, and applicability of The Personnel Evaluation Standards     

Robert L. Linn  Margret Buchmann  Bruce Gould  Thomas Kellaghan  Dal Lawrence  Phil C. Robinson  Perry Zirkel 《Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education》1989,2(3):199-214

Michigan State UniversityAir Force Human Resources Laboratory  相似文献   

Curriculum development through Delphi   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gary Reeves  Dr. Lawrence R. Jauch 《Research in higher education》1978,8(2):157-168

This article reports on the use of the Delphi method for curriculum design in higher education. The basic Delphi methodology is outlined along with possible goals and objectives in a Delphi study. The results of an actual case study in the use of the Delphi method for curriculum development are reported. Attention is given to the problem of selecting participants for a Delphi exercise, followed by recommendations for future research.  相似文献   

文艺复兴时期关于亚里士多德《修辞学》的论争:传播理论的跨文化解读     

劳伦斯·葛林  陈汝东 《福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2007,(2)

本演讲探讨了欧洲早期文艺复兴期间(大约1350-1700)为解读亚里士多德的《修辞学》中的论述所做出的努力,讨论了欧洲的注释者在理解亚里士多德的《修辞学》中所遇到的困难,关注了当时学者意料之外的某些论争,并力图阐释引起这些论争的原因。作者认为,人们力图阐释关于一种文化的论述并力图从另一种文化的需求和兴趣来解读这种论述的努力对中美两国具有重要意义,这些阐释所可能引发的结果也具有积极意义。作者的这种解读对当今世界——对中国和“西方”国家富有更为广泛的意义——因为他在试图解读产生于一种文化而被转译到另一种文化的修辞学和传播学理论。作者指出,在欧洲文艺复兴时期,人们相信修辞学和社会很大程度上是一回事。修辞学能够使人们避免暴力、摆脱兽性,使许多不同人的思想统一起来,促成一种包容各种矛盾的和谐社会。修辞学使我们变得文明。  相似文献   

Teaching evolution: Understanding and applying the nature of science     

Lawrence C. Scharmann  William M. Harris 《科学教学研究杂志》1992,29(4):375-388

The influence of a 3-week institute upon secondary biology and earth science teachers regarding their experiences with respect to the teaching of evolution was investigated. The institute directors, with National Science Foundation (NSF) funding, hoped to foster an understanding of the nature of science, provide enhanced content, and support a forum for teachers to discuss problems common to the teaching of evolution. Analysis of data indicated statistically significant increases in participants' acceptance of the theory of evolution and their understanding of both applied evolutionary principles and the applied nature of science. In addition, a significant reduction in participants' perceived anxieties regarding the teaching of evolution was achieved. Further, a qualitative examination of Stages of Concern (SoC) profiles indicated a slight shift by participants toward the use of more student-centered instruction. Finally, data were collected from 9 of the original 19 participants at a voluntary follow-up session, 8 months after the formal institute. Scores from all of the data-collection instruments (with the exception of SoC profiles) exhibited a slight decline. These decreases were not, however, statistically significant. Examination of SoC profiles, however, indicated a much stronger adoption by follow-up participants for the use of student-centered instructional strategies for the teaching of evolution.  相似文献