Case-based learning with worked examples in complex domains: Two experimental studies in undergraduate medical education     

Robin Stark  Veronika Kopp 《Learning and Instruction》2011,21(1):22-33

To investigate the effects of example format (erroneous examples vs. correct examples) and feedback format (elaborated feedback vs. knowledge of results feedback) on medical students' diagnostic competence in the context of a web-based learning environment containing case-based worked examples, two studies with a 2 × 2 design were conducted in the laboratory. In the first study (domain: arterial hypertension; N = 153) erroneous examples were effective in combination with elaborated feedback with respect to strategic and conditional knowledge. In the second study (domain: hyperthyroidism, N = 124), elaborated feedback supported all aspects of diagnostic competence, especially conditional knowledge.  相似文献   

On study habits on an introductory course on programming     

Salla Willman  Erkki Kaila  Teemu Rajala  Mikko-Jussi Laakso  Tapio Salakoski 《Computer Science Education》2013,23(3):276-291

Computer aided assessment systems enable the collection of exact time and date information on students’ activity on a course. These activity patterns reflect students’ study habits and these study habits further predict students’ likelihood to pass or fail a course. By identifying such patterns, those who design the courses can enforce positive study habits and to prevent or minimize habits that lead to poor student performance. Hypothetically, by identifying and adjusting the short-term patterns, the teachers might be able to do the same during the course. This publication examines students’ short-term study habits on an introductory level programming course and presents multiple statistically significant connections between students’ assignment submission patterns and their respective final grades. Students who receive the highest grade start and finish their work early, do not work on weekends, and do not work at night, whereas those who fail the course do not show similar behavior but exhibit significant enrichment among those who work large amounts during the night. Course’s mandatory tutorial sessions that act both as assignment release events and as collaborative assignment solving sessions strongly increase assignment submission counts regardless of the students’ final grades and ensure an early start to solving the assignments, possibly preventing those who would otherwise fail the course from starting their work near deadlines.  相似文献   

英语测试中的认知诊断研究     

胥云  武尊民 《外语教学理论与实践》2021,174(2):44-55,75

认知诊断测试可以反映受试的知识结构和分项技能掌握情况,为受试提供详细的反馈信息.本文简要介绍了认知诊断的原理和步骤,总结了国内外英语测试领域的认知诊断研究已取得的进展,并指出目前该领域尚存的问题远大于已取得的成就,在未来的研究中需要设计严格意义上的认知诊断测试,探索检验Q矩阵效度的多种方法并开展诊断结果促学的实证研究.  相似文献   

从评估走向诊断的职业教育评价          下载免费PDF全文

徐寅伟 《上海教育评估研究》2015,4(3):17-21

诊断性评价、形成性评价和总结性评价是当前普遍采用的三种典型的评价方法。本文在介绍了这三种评价各自特点的基础上,指出根据我国职业教育发展状况,诊断性评价是当前最为适当的一种评价方式。文章分析了诊断性评价的优越性,说明了它的特点、过程和局限性,并以学校教育的专业建设为例,阐述了诊断性评价的工作步骤和诊断要点,分析了当前诊断性评价存在的问题和改进建议。文章认为诊断性评价将发展成为职业教育评价的主流  相似文献   

杭州1997年7月持续性暴雨分析     

管振云  曹俊元  陈勇明  周春雨 《科技通报》1999,15(1):18-23

对杭州１９９７年７月持续性暴雨期的相关物理量作了计算和形势分析,研究了物理量对梅雨锋上暴雨所起的作用。结果表明,大气环流的调整,副高强度的明显变化,高低空急汉的耦合作用,低层耦合高空强辐散的配置以及切变线上不断有中小尺诬系统的生消东移,与暴雨的形成一持续－结束有较好的对应关系。  相似文献   

An investigation of academic writing in secondary schools to inform the development of diagnostic classroom assessments     

Lorena Llosa  Sarah W. Beck  Cecilia Guanfang ZhaoAuthor vitae 《Assessing Writing》2011,16(4):256-273

Despite the high stakes attached to students’ performance on assessments of academic writing, we still know little about the challenges students face when composing in academic contexts. To begin to address this problem, two studies were designed with the following aims: to identify and describe the most prevalent types of academic writing at the secondary level, and to characterize the challenges that both English Language Learners (ELLs) and non-English-Language Learners (non-ELLs) experience with this type of writing. Findings from these studies reveal that (1) in the context of New York City schools, exposition/argument is the most prevalent genre assigned as a writing task in secondary classrooms, as well as the most valued; and that (2) while both Intermediate ELLs and non-ELLs articulated Translating (the process of articulating ideas in the conventions of written English) as the most frequent challenge, the two groups differed in the kinds of Translating challenges and in the types and range of other challenges they articulated: ELLs articulated fewer challenges specifically related to the genre of exposition than did non-ELLs. Based on these findings we suggest several new approaches to classroom diagnostic assessment of writing, and raise issues to be considered in these approaches.  相似文献   

认知诊断评估中知识状态估计方法简述   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

汪文义  丁树良  宋丽红  肖林如 《考试研究》2012,(3):3-9

尽管认知诊断评估的方法或模型众多,但其最终目的都是要报告被试属性掌握的强项与不足,即对被试的知识状态进行估计或分类。本文主要对规则空间模型、属性层级模型、确定性输入噪音与门模型和其他几个模型下知识状态估计方法进行简述,重点介绍各知识状态估计方法的基本思想、优缺点及它们内在的联系与区别。最后,概述影响知识状态估计结果的因素,并提出应进一步研究的问题。  相似文献   

A review on the accuracy of teacher judgments     

《Educational Research Review》2021

In everyday school life, teachers need a wide range of judgment competencies to accurately assess student characteristics, learning and task requirements. The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize the methodological, empirical, theoretical, and practical knowledge from 40 years of research on the accuracy of teacher judgments. We define the accuracy of teacher judgments and differentiate the term from other related constructs. We explain the methodological approaches and summarize the main research findings on the accuracy of teacher judgments of student characteristics and task difficulties. Furthermore, we empirically demonstrate that teachers tend to overestimate student achievement on standardized tests. We discuss possible moderators of teachers’ judgment accuracy and show the effects on teaching and the learning of students. We present the main theoretical approaches that can explain the empirical findings and describe ways to improve teacher judgment accuracy. In the discussion, we address important implications for research and practice.  相似文献   

Comparing two constructs for describing and analyzing teachers’ diagnostic processes     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2021

Different constructs describe and analyze teachers’ diagnostic processes, in which situation-specific diagnostic skills are utilized to solve challenging situations of teaching and learning in class. This study compares two constructs—professional vision and diagnostic activities—with regard to their suitability for coding and analyzing data collected from interviews using think-aloud protocols with five in-service teachers, who worked in the video-based assessment tool DiKoBi Assess. For data collection, teachers watched a videotaped classroom situation on the biology-specific challenges level of students’ cognitive activities and creation of situational interest that both count as important subject-specific dimensions of instructional quality. Interviews using think-aloud protocols were transcribed and coded with distinct category systems for each construct. Analysis of coded data showed that both constructs covered several aspects of the diagnostic process. A crosstabulation of the coded data revealed that the combination of both constructs was best suited to describe and analyze the diagnostic process.  相似文献   

PBL+比较影像学教学法在《医学影像诊断学》教学中的应用研究     

何志兵  陈敏  武夏夏  杨峰 《襄阳职业技术学院学报》2022,(1):100-104

目的 探讨PBL+比较影像学教学法在《医学影像诊断学》教学中的应用研究价值.方法 选取湖北医药学院第四临床学院2015级医学影像学专业50名学生作为研究对象,按照学号将他们随机分为两大组,每组25人,试验组(A组)采用PBL+比较影像学教学法的模式进行教学,对照组(B组)采用传统教学模式教学.比较两组学生在《医学影像诊...  相似文献