Mental testing and educational streaming in Ontario and Denmark in the early twentieth century: a comparative and transnational perspective     

Patrice Milewski  Christian Ydesen 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2019,55(3):371-390

ABSTRACT

This article compares and contrasts the use of mental testing and the formation of educational streaming in Denmark and Ontario during the interwar years. In this sense, the article adds nuances to the meaning of internationalism as well as contributing to our knowledge about how ideas of testing practices circulated among countries and continents. One way ideas and practices circulated was via informal networks promoted by the education traveller. Key proponents of mental testing in both Denmark and Ontario travelled to continental Europe, England, and the United States studying and observing the practices and institutional arrangements associated with educational streaming. Our main findings are that the processes used to implement mental testing in the two countries differed significantly. Mental testing was implemented much later in Denmark than in Ontario. This was due to different contextual, cultural, and historical factors that promoted changes to the existing system, or, alternatively, represented a barrier or even obstructed changes to it. Nevertheless, mental testing was implemented in both education systems as a relatively coherent technology rooted in transnational movements and exchange, but was attended by highly different practices and local meaning-making.  相似文献   

Looking through the journal Health Psychology:A 29-year review     

胡静  王家奇 《读与写:教育教学刊》2011,(11):3-4,15

Reflected in the journal Health Psychology,various topics concerning the relationship between physical health and psychological as well as sociocultural factors,being investigated on different levels and with kinds of methods,are integrated on the platform provided by health psychology.  相似文献   

7413名“90后”职业院校新生心理健康状况调查     

伍翔 《深圳职业技术学院学报》2011,10(6):53-57

采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对7490名深圳职业技术学院大学生心理健康教育,采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对7490名大一学生进行心理健康普查,与全国大学生常模进行比较,对性别、生源地、家庭不同群体进行比较。结果显示我校大一学生心理健康状况整体良好,优于全国大学生常模;心理问题检出率为7．01％;强迫症状、人际关系敏感、敌对问题突出;女生的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖症状比男生突出。农村生源与城市生源学生除了敌对,其他因子均差异非常显著;家庭不和谐学生心理问题比家庭和谐学生严重。应及时对大一学生开展心理健康普查,并有针对性地对开展心理健康教育和心理咨询服务,以提高90后高职大学生的心理健康水平。  相似文献   

高职学生心理健康现状调查与分析     

杨晓燕 《黄冈职业技术学院学报》2011,13(6):49-52

心理健康问题已成为影响大学生成才的重要因素,借鉴国内外学生心理健康的相关研究成果,在国内外成熟的心理测量量表的基础上,通过制定高职学生心理健康测量量表,对高职学生心理健康状况进行了试测和分析。将高职学生的心理健康问题归纳为自信心不足、人际关系不协调、自我调控失灵等三个方面。  相似文献   

话语冲突与“心理空间”——《死者》中主人公康罗伊顿悟之心理动因探究     

薛海燕 《河西学院学报》2011,27(4):50-54,45

"顿悟"是爱尔兰作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯的名篇《死者》中的重要创作手法之一。运用法康尼尔(Fauconnier,G)认知语言学心理空间理论能有效挖掘人物顿悟之前的心理,从而进一步深化故事主题。在《死者》中,主人公康罗伊与三位女性之间的话语冲突使主要人物的心理空间发生了多次交错,促使康罗伊摈弃殖民地特权者身份,回归爱尔兰传统。康罗伊的精神复苏在深层次上象征着整个民族的新生。  相似文献   

我国中小学体育教师评价主体存在的问题及其对策分析     

胡义忠 《山东教育学院学报》2011,26(3):153-155

本文主要对我国中小学体育教师评价主体存在的问题进行分析与研究,旨在完善我国中小学体育教师评价体系,从而更合理地选择我国中小学体育教师的评价主体,更有效地对我国中小学体育教师进行评价。  相似文献   

A follow-up study of mental health service utilisation in a cohort of 2433 sexually abused Australian children utilising five years of medical data     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

  相似文献   

The relationship between exposure to family violence in childhood and post-traumatic stress symptoms in young adulthood: The mediating role of social support     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundExtensive research has examined the relationship between exposure to family violence and its long-term mental health effects. Social support has been found to moderate this relationship, but there is a dearth of research on its mediating role.ObjectivesThe article presents the results of a study on the relationship between witnessing interparental violence and experiencing parental violence during childhood and adolescence on the one hand, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) during young adulthood on the other. In addition, the article presents results on the role of social support as a mediator in this relationship.Method, participants, and settingA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 516 Israeli university and college students (90.7% female, and 9.3% male; M age = 24.9, SD = 2.7) using a retrospective, self-administered questionnaire.ResultsThe results revealed that exposure to each pattern of family violence (i.e., witnessing interparental violence and experiencing parental violence) predicted higher levels of PTSS. Furthermore, social support was found to partially mediate the relationship between exposure to family violence during childhood and adolescence and current PTSS as well as its four symptoms, i.e., depression, sleep disturbance, dissociation, and anxiety.ConclusionsThe results of the current study highlight the important role of social support in the association between adversities experienced early in life and young adulthood outcomes. The findings are interpreted on the basis of Conservation of Resources Theory (Hobfoll et al., 1990), which served as the conceptual framework for the study. The limitations of the study and implications for future research are discussed.  相似文献   

Adverse childhood experiences among Latina women and its association with mastery of stress and health     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundAdverse childhood experience (ACE) and intimate partner violence (IPV) have sustained, deleterious effects on physical and mental health. Few studies have examined how to help Latina survivors of ACEs and/or IPV regain control of their health.ObjectiveTo inform interventions for this population, we examined whether mastery of stress and patient activation mediate the relationship between a history of ACE and/or IPV and mental and physical health.Participants and settingWe recruited 235 Latina women (M age = 29.6, SD = 5.75) from primary care clinics.MethodFor this cross-sectional study, we used linear regressions to examine the association between ACEs, history of IPV, and health, and the sobel’s test to determine whether patient activation and mastery of stress mediated the relationships between ACEs, IPV, and health.ResultsMost women reported at least one ACE (61.7%, n = 137) and 22.2% (n = 55) reported a history of IPV. Mastery of stress mediated the relationship between ACE and physical health (b= -3.16 p = .002) and mental health (b= -3.83, p < .001). Mastery of stress also mediated the relationship between history of IPV and physical health (b= -2.62, p = .008) and mental health (b= -2.74, p = .006). Patient activation was not associated with a history of trauma or mental health.ConclusionWhile past experiences of trauma cannot be changed, results from this study suggest that improving an individual’s mastery of stress may be a point of intervention for improving mental and physical health among survivors of ACEs and IPV.  相似文献   

Health care utilization pattern prior to maltreatment among children under five years of age in Taiwan     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundSeveral studies have hypothesized that the pattern of health care utilization among maltreated children differ from others without the experience. However, the conclusions have not been consistent.ObjectiveThe study aims to examine whether the pattern of health care utilization among children 0–5 years old with maltreatment different from their counterparts without maltreatment in Taiwan.Subjects and SettingAll children born in 2007 in Taiwan.MethodThis is a population-based and case-controlled study. Cases are children under five years of ago with maltreatment-related diagnosis in the claims data of the National Health Insurance in Taiwan during the 2007–2013 period. For each case, there were 10 birth date-matched controls. Exposure variables include the number of injury or non-injury-related outpatients, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalization. Multivariate models were employed, with adjustment for sex, urbanization level, and comorbidities of children.ResultsOf children born in 2007, 382 had maltreatment-related diagnosis during the age of 0–5. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for having two or more ED visits with or without injury-related diagnosis is 3.52 (95% CI 1.75–7.07) and 2.0-0 (95% CI 1.47–2.72), respectively. Children with maltreatment also had significantly higher number of hospitalization without injury-related diagnosis and aOR for those having two more hospitalizations stands at 2.47 (95% CI 1.59–3.83).ConclusionsChildren with maltreatment when 0–5 years old had higher number of ED visits with injury-related diagnosis, as well as hospitalization without injury-related diagnosis. Recognition of the health care utilization is conducive to early identification of children with risk for maltreatment.  相似文献