Judgment‐Based Scoring by Teachers as Professional Development: Distinguishing Promises from Proof     

Gail Lynn Goldberg 《Educational Measurement》2012,31(3):38-47

The engagement of teachers as raters to score constructed response items on assessments of student learning is widely claimed to be a valuable vehicle for professional development. This paper examines the evidence behind those claims from several sources, including research and reports over the past two decades, information from a dozen state educational agencies regarding past and ongoing involvement of teachers in scoring‐related activities as of 2001, and interviews with educators who served a decade or more ago for one state's innovative performance assessment program. That evidence reveals that the impact of scoring experience on teachers is more provisional and nuanced than has been suggested. The author identifies possible issues and implications associated with attempts to distill meaningful skills and knowledge from hand‐scoring training and practice, along with other forms of teacher involvement in assessment development and implementation. The paper concludes with a series of research questions that—based on current and proposed practice for the coming decade—seem to the author to require the most immediate attention.  相似文献   

高校体育应加强大学生自我保健教育   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  

余小渝  刘光肃 《四川体育科学》1999,(3):64-67

长期以来,我国高校体育教学以运动技能为主,片面追求运动形艺,丢掉了增强体质,增进健康的根本任务。随着高校体育教学改革的不断深化,人们逐渐认识到,体育的终极目标是促进人们工作效率提高,延长工作年限和健康长寿。传授运动技艺,挖掘人类运动能力的极限,应纳入国家“奥运争光计划”。高校体育教育应归属“全民健身计划”的范畴,必须与健康教育相结合。经深入分析自我保健发展的历史,认为２１世纪是保健延寿的时代,高校体育应加强自我保健教育,并在自我保健教育中实施保健运动。  相似文献   

Self‐determination of young children with intellectual disability: understanding parents' perspectives     

Araceli Arellano  Feli Peralta 《British Journal of Special Education》2013,40(4):175-181

Self‐determination is considered to be a basic human right which, to develop, demands contextual opportunities as well as individual competencies. For people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, the family is the natural support environment in the task of increasing control over their own lives. There is little, however, that has been published in Spain on the needs and strengths of families in this regard. This article presents a study carried out in Spain on the knowledge, attitudes and strategies that a sample group of parents (N = 201) have regarding self‐determination. An analysis of the data gathered highlights the need for intervention proposals to prepare parents to further their children's self‐determination, through collaborative partnerships and through cognitive restructuring.  相似文献   

Validating Student Score Inferences With Person‐Fit Statistic and Verbal Reports: A Person‐Fit Study for Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment     

Ying Cui  Mary Roduta Roberts 《Educational Measurement》2013,32(1):34-42

The goal of this study was to investigate the usefulness of person‐fit analysis in validating student score inferences in a cognitive diagnostic assessment. In this study, a two‐stage procedure was used to evaluate person fit for a diagnostic test in the domain of statistical hypothesis testing. In the first stage, the person‐fit statistic, the hierarchy consistency index (HCI; Cui, 2007 ; Cui & Leighton, 2009 ), was used to identify the misfitting student item‐score vectors. In the second stage, students’ verbal reports were collected to provide additional information about students’ response processes so as to reveal the actual causes of misfits. This two‐stage procedure helped to identify the misfits of item‐score vectors to the cognitive model used in the design and analysis of the diagnostic test, and to discover the reasons of misfits so that students’ problem‐solving strategies were better understood and their performances were interpreted in a more meaningful way.  相似文献   

Validation of automated scoring of science assessments     

Ou Lydia Liu  Joseph A. Rios  Michael Heilman  Libby Gerard  Marcia C. Linn 《科学教学研究杂志》2016,53(2):215-233

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RESEARCH SECTION: The self‐esteem of pupils in schools for pupils with social,emotional and behavioural difficulties: myth and reality     

Jeremy Swinson 《British Journal of Special Education》2008,35(3):165-172

The self‐esteem of pupils has long been regarded as a key variable affecting both pupils' learning and behaviour, although the relationship between the two may not be as strong as many in education have always assumed. In this article, Jeremy Swinson, an educational psychologist and honorary lecturer in educational psychology at Liverpool John Moores University, reports the findings from a study in two parts. Firstly, an examination was made of 35 Statements written by officers from seven different education authorities in the north‐west of England for pupils attending two independent schools that specialise in working with pupils with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD). It was found that, of the 35 Statements examined, 34 included self‐esteem as one area of special need. The second phase of the study examined the self‐esteem of 60 pupils in four specialist schools for pupils with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties. The results showed that the average scores for self‐esteem for both the primary and secondary sample were very similar to the scores obtained by previous researchers in mainstream schools. However, it was apparent that more pupils than expected appeared to have either very low or very high self‐esteem. In terms of locus of control, it was found that a large number of secondary pupils had a high score although this was not found to be the case for the primary pupils in the sample. Jeremy Swinson discusses these results and presents his analysis of their implications for teachers, educational psychologists and education officers.  相似文献   

成功体育教学的心理学基础   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘仁健 《四川体育科学》1997,(1)

本文通过学生的自我观念与体育成绩以及美国教育家格拉塞（ＷｉｌｉａｍＧｌａｓｓｅｒ）的教育思想，加之作者近几年来运用成功体育教学的实践经验，简述了成功体育教学具有坚实的心理学基础，在转变学生的心理机制上是以改善学生自我观念为核心的，从而使学生，特别是体育差的学生能主动积极地得到发展。  相似文献   

Self‐esteem and successful interaction as part of the forest school project     

《Support for Learning》2004,19(3):142-146

In this article Nick Swarbrick, Glynnis Eastwood and Kris Tutton highlight the importance of the outdoor environment as an educational resource, and explore the relationship between self‐esteem and successful learning through the forest school project being run in Oxfordshire. It looks at the history and practice of forest school in England, and draws on recent research to suggest ways in which ‘alternative’ or non‐traditional educational projects might be evaluated.  相似文献   

Writing and pseudo‐writing from Internet‐based sources: implications for learning and assessment          下载免费PDF全文

Håvard Skaar 《Literacy》2015,49(2):69-76

In recent years, plagiarism has been on the increase across the Western world. This article identifies Internet access as a contributory cause of this trend and addresses the implications of readily available Internet sources for the teaching and assessment of writing in schools. The basis for the article is a previous study showing a wide incidence of plagiarism in the Internet‐based writing of students in three classes at upper secondary school level in Norway. I relate the students' choices to writing as a cognitive process and as a cultural practice. My basic assumption is that the students' writing is work. It is this work we have in mind when we relate writing to learning and when we assess students' skills on the basis of their written texts. Access to the Internet changes the premises for this work because writing can be replaced by ‘pseudo‐writing’. ‘Pseudo‐writing’ is a work reducing writing practice, which neither excludes nor coincides with what we traditionally associate with plagiarism in schools. The main point in this article is that when students have access to the Internet during essay writing, the result is unavoidably a product of both writing and pseudo‐writing. Internet access thus leads to greater uncertainty about the role writing plays in student learning and makes it more difficult to take written assignments into account in assessing students' school results and effort.  相似文献   

《凯利帮真史》内德·凯利身份认同研究     

张计连 《怀化学院学报》2015,(1)

彼得·凯里第二次获布克奖的小说《凯利帮真史》将澳大利亚官方历史记载中面目狰狞的"丛林大盗"内德·凯利塑造成为一个本性良善但为生活所逼而反抗殖民当局的爱尔兰裔英雄。复活历史人物,让历史人物站出来为自己辩护,凯里巧妙地安排小说人物展开了一场历史话语权的争夺。在他看来,爱尔兰裔澳大利亚人是白澳内部的"他者",他们挑战了澳官方宣称的"澳大利亚是白人的澳大利亚"的观点。  相似文献