企业技术创新产权的制度安排与激励机制设计     

万莉  陈长彬 《番禺职业技术学院学报》2007,6(2):1-6

技术创新产权本质上是技术创新主体拥有的排他性占有关系和权利。产权制度可以保证技术创新资产拥有者一定的独占权,排除仿制者对技术创新产权所有者利益的侵犯,为技术创新活动提供持续、有效的激励动力。因此,要保持创新活动的持久和效率,需要在制度上作出安排。通过技术创新产权激励机制的设计,实现对企业技术创新活动的激励,从而建立合理的、科学的企业技术创新制度。  相似文献   

“You Look at Things Differently:” The Role of Documentation in the Professional Development of a Campus Child Care Center Staff     

Jeanne Goldhaber  Dee Smith 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1997,25(1):3-10

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数字化时代人文精神的反思与重建     

高鸿 《石家庄学院学报》2003,5(4):1-7

人文精神在不同时代有不同的内涵 ,数字化时代的人文精神是科学的人文精神 ,是高科技时代人类的精神支柱。数字化时代是人文精神充分彰显的时代 ,主要表现在人的自由时间的大量增加、人的能力的极大提高、人的社会关系的全面丰富和人的自由个性的全面发展等方面。同时 ,数字化时代又存在人文精神衰变的悖论 ,主要表现为人在自身发展、文化、道德和心理、人类安全等方面面临的一系列新困境。数字化时代科学的人文精神的建构要遵循以下原则 :在人文的视野中构建科学精神 ,以价值理性校正工具理性 ;要实现民族精神、时代精神和全球精神的有机整合 ;在理想的视野中把握现实性 ,实现终极关怀与现实关切的统一 ;在人的社会性发展中完善个体性。  相似文献   

制度分析与高等教育研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林杰 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2004,(6):19-24

制度分析不仅以制度为研究对象 ,还构成一种研究方法与范式 ,即通过制度主义视角重新审视高等教育现象与问题 ,提出制度创新的可能途径。制度分析主要源于新制度主义的启发 ,借鉴了多学科方法 ,在理论上强调制度的内生性特点 ,对具体制度做发生学研究 ,追问制度安排的合法性。高等教育制度分析具备上述特征 ,并着力探讨高等教育诱致性制度变迁的可能性 ,试图从交易成本理论、组织理论、博弈论等出发 ,揭示高等教育制度的双重性 :既是重复博弈的内生产物 ,又独立于参与者的行动选择。高等教育制度分析服从于高等教育组织特性。目前 ,当务之急是要处理好理论研究、经验研究和政策分析三者之间的关系  相似文献   

Service user and carer involvement in students’ classroom learning in higher education     

Peter Unwin  Joy Rooney  Charmaine Cole 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2018,42(3):377-388

The following article presents a small-scale qualitative study in which the student learning experiences from service user and carer (SUAC) involvement in social work, mental health nursing and social welfare courses at an English university were evaluated for any effects on student perceptions, knowledge, skills and practice. Using focus group methodology, student participants reported positive outcomes from exposure to SUAC classroom inputs such as a greater valuing of SUAC knowledge as expert knowledge, help with the development of empathy and an appreciation of constructive challenges to mainstream curricular delivery. Notes of caution were identified, particularly in respect of the sometimes unexpected levels of emotion displayed by SUAC presenters. Recommendations for meaningful SUAC involvement in higher education are made regarding the need to involve SUACs across the whole duration of a course; the need for the preparation of both students and presenters regarding boundaries; the fit of presentations with intended learning outcomes; more partnership delivery in classrooms between academics and SUACs (possibly with a differentiation between theoretical and practice inputs); the opportunities for SUACs to present their own situations as real rather than hypothetical case studies for students and the possibilities that may result from introducing a ‘buddying’ system between students and SUACs throughout their studies. It is suggested that the insights from this small-scale study merit further exploration on a larger scale if policy and practice in the field of service and user involvement in higher education are to move forward in an inclusive manner.  相似文献   

Rethinking researcher–teacher roles and relationships in educational action research through the use of Nel Noddings’ ethics of care     

Ulrika Bergmark 《Educational Action Research》2020,28(3):331-344

ABSTRACT

Action research approaches have evolved out of a criticism of previous research traditions, where teachers have been seen as research objects, at risk of being marginalized. Such approaches have also arisen out of the view that teaching, learning, and educational research are interrelated. In action research, teachers are seen as professionals, raising their status to subjects, conducting own research. The research is carried out with or by people rather than on someone, which changes the roles and relationships. Ethical dilemmas can arise, especially evident in action research, where the distinctions between researcher and researched are blurred or removed altogether. This paper aims to explore the changing roles and relationships between researchers and teachers in action research through a philosophical analysis based on the writings of Nel Noddings, especially the concept of ethics of care. The analysis creates an opportunity for a rethinking of researcher–teacher roles, focusing on responsibility and knowledge as well as reciprocity and communication. Based on the author’s own action research experiences, various dilemmas are discussed. Obstacles to and opportunities for developing caring relationships between researchers and teachers will also be highlighted. The implications of the study include valuing both researcher and teacher expertise and learning to understand each other’s perspectives as well as giving tailored care. It is also vital to find strategies to contextualize and enact these views and beliefs within the researcher–teacher relationship. Neither researchers nor teachers will have total control over the process, as they stay open to each other’s perspectives and needs based on a caring relationship.  相似文献   

德州市农村预防保健机构人力资源现状分析     

董茂江  孟宪新 《德州学院学报》2011,27(6):104-106

目的：了解德州市农村预防保健机构人力资源配置现状．方法：从农村乡镇防保机构数量、人员的年龄、学历、职称等方面进行了全面的调查,对人员的配置量和人员素质进行分析评价．结果：全市农村乡镇防保机构在编人数779人,人均服务人数6347人;平均年龄38岁;拥有中专以上学历者占90．12％,中级及以上职称占31．32％．结论：本市乡镇保防人员年龄偏大,整体素质偏低,应采取各项措施加强农村预防保健机构人力资源建设,保证农村疾病预防控制工作的可持续性发展．  相似文献   

Waiting to inhale: how to unhurry the moment of birth     

Malloy ME 《The Journal of perinatal education》2011,20(1):8-13

A doula and expectant mother's view of birth is forever changed when she sees a midwife simply place a newly born child below her mother at the moment of birth. The pause that the mother experiences in this moment as she studies, touches, and claims her child prompts the author to reflect in this guest editorial on ways we might be disturbing the natural sequence of birth as we deliver babies directly to their mothers' chests.  相似文献   

Grand Multiparous Women's Perceptions of Birthing, Nursing Care, and Childbirth Technology     

Fleming SE  Smart D  Eide P 《The Journal of perinatal education》2011,20(2):108-117

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Prenatal parenthood     

J O'Leary  J Warland  L Parker 《The Journal of perinatal education》2011,20(4):218-220

In this article, we discuss the intuitive knowledge mothers have of their unborn baby. We propose a shift in focus from caregivers' merely providing information to first listening to pregnant mothers as they share their intuitive knowledge of their baby. This approach enables mothers and fathers or partners to know they are already parents to their unborn baby and empowers them to get in touch with their baby's presence and who he or she is during pregnancy. This intuitive knowledge may be a protective behavior that will enable mothers to keep babies safe during pregnancy.  相似文献