Assessing and developing critical-thinking skills in higher education     

Dirk Van Damme  Doris Zahner  Olivia Cortellini  Teresa Dawber  Kelly Rotholz 《European Journal of Education》2023,58(3):369-386

Generic skills such as critical thinking, problem solving, and communication are essential for students' success in higher education and their careers. This article presents findings from an international study of students' (n ≈ 120,000) generic skills from six countries using a performance-based assessment. Results indicate that higher education students, on average, gain generic skills between entry and exit. However, learning gain is less marked than could be expected and varies significantly among country samples. Various background variables such as gender, ethnicity, parental level of education, and primary language are also explored. The authors conclude that it is feasible to reliably and validly measure generic skills in a cross-cultural context and that assessment of these skills is an essential component of best practices in higher education.  相似文献   

The ecology of language teacher assessment literacy: Insights from emotional critical incidents     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2023

Despite the substantial growth of research on language assessment literacy (LAL), the emotional side of LAL has been under-researched. In response to this gap of knowledge, the present study explored Iranian English language teachers’ LAL through the lens of emotional critical incidents (CIs). Drawing on an ecological lens as embedded in a case-study design, data were collected from narrative frames, classroom observations and post-class discussions, and semi-structured interviews. Data analyses revealed three personal, institutional, and sociocultural ecologies that shaped the teachers’ LAL-related emotional CIs and the associated sense-making, practice, and perceptions about assessment. In particular, we found that the emotional side of LAL is defined by agency, emotion labor, the need for voice, and broader discourses of assessment in Iran. Based on the findings, we provide implications for running professional development courses that build on teachers’ LAL and account for emotions as a key component of such courses.  相似文献   

The impact of Geospatial Inquiry lessons on student interest in science and technology careers     

Lori Rubino-Hare  Brooke A. Whitworth  Francis Boateng  Nena Bloom 《科学教学研究杂志》2024,61(2):419-456

Advances in online geospatial technologies (GST) have expanded access to K-12 classrooms which has implications for the support teachers require to effectively integrate GSTs to promote learning. Previous studies have shown the impact of GST-integrated lessons on student engagement, spatial thinking skills, and/or content knowledge; however, most of these studies have been small in scope and scale and frequently focus on the affordances of the technology, without addressing the context of the implementation and student characteristics for whom GST is most impactful. We attempt to address some of these gaps. Our program scaled an effective GST-focused professional learning and development program to a national audience through a facilitator development model. This paper explores the student characteristics and lesson factors that resulted in student interest in science and technology and careers in those fields. After teaching a Geospatial Inquiry lesson created during a teacher workshop, teachers (n = 82) submitted the lessons and surveys on the implementation of Geospatial Inquiry lessons. The implementation surveys and lessons were scored for alignment to the principles of high-quality Geospatial Inquiry. Students (n = 1924) completed a post-lesson retrospective survey and indicated the extent to which their perceptions and attitudes toward science and technology changed because of the lesson. Results indicate that teacher GST performance is associated with increases in student outcomes. Students with previous exposure to science activities were more likely to have increased interest and excitement in science and careers in science but decreased interest in technology careers. Students who had previous exposure to technology activities had increased interest and excitement in technology and careers in technology but decreased interest in science careers. Geospatial Inquiry lessons also had a significant impact on students who are traditionally underrepresented in STEM fields. After participating in the lessons, students who identify as female reported higher engagement and interest in science and higher interest in science careers. Students who identified as Black or Hispanic also reported higher interest and excitement in science and technology, and students who identified as Black reported marginally higher interest in science careers.  相似文献   

A Strategy for Operationalizing Privacy by Design     

Inga Kroener  David Wright 《The Information Society》2014,30(5):355-365

Recent controversies surrounding privacy have sparked a move by regulators toward the idea of privacy by design (PbD), a concept pioneered by Ontario Information and Privacy Commissioner Ann Cavoukian. Industry has also started to recognize the importance of taking privacy seriously, with various PbD corporate initiatives currently underway. However, some commentators have criticized PbD for being too vague. Using three case studies and a range of best practice examples of PbD, privacy impact assessments (PIAs), and privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs), this article addresses the gap between the abstract principles of PbD and their operationalization into more concrete implementation guidelines for software engineers.  相似文献   

从化学物质管理到产品管理的最新技术体系     

于丽娜  霍立彬  叶旌  聂晶磊 《科技管理研究》2014,(23)

介绍化学品从传统的物质管理到产品管理的体系现状,从物质使用环节入手,减少有害化学物质的倒逼化学品环境管理模式,以至实现有毒有害化学物质的全过程管控。发达国家通过实施政策法规和环境标签非强制手段,提供化学物质管控的技术、建立替代评估模型,在引导公众自愿前提下倡导企业在更广泛的产品和化学物质领域开展信息收集和公开制度。借鉴国外产品中化学品管理的丰富经验,在法律规定下由少到多分别列明管控的物质清单和产品清单,以替代评估为技术支持,引导公众自愿推进管理,为我国化学品管理决策提供有力支持。  相似文献   

可持续发展新评估体系的战略意义          下载免费PDF全文

陈熙皓  郝栋 《中国科学院院刊》2014,29(5):631-635

当前中国的可持续发展面临着诸多复杂问题,破解之道唯有推行包含经济绩效指数、环境绩效指数和社会责任评估指数,覆盖国家、区域、企业三层行为主体的新评估体系战略,以经济、环境和社会责任的综合评估报告引导中国未来可持续发展路径。文章论述了可持续新评估体系战略如何转变、调整和改革中国社会发展评估机制,以及推行新评估体系对于中国未来可持续发展的重要意义。  相似文献   

基于Noisy-or gate 和贝叶斯网络的研发项目风险评估方法     

张俊光  徐振超  贾赛可 《科技管理研究》2014,(24)

在没有充足样本数据时,为有效地管理各种风险,本文提出了一个全新的研发项目风险评估模型,这个模型主要是基于Noisy-or gate 和贝叶斯网络进行评估。该模型在贝叶斯网络节点满足构成Noisy-or gate模型的前提下,利用历史数据或专家判断得到有效的网络参数,进而推断出每一项风险因素发生的概率,结合风险影响权重得到综合风险影响值,并对比得到高风险因素,为风险管理提供依据。通过与AHP方法评估结果对比表明,该模型可以准确地评估研发项目的风险,从而提高风险管理的效率。  相似文献   

大学生对全日制专业硕士认知情况调查——以河南省为例     

杨瑞仙  张璐  朱向林 《情报探索》2014,(2):1-5

通过对河南省在校大学生进行调查,了解大学生对全日制专业硕士的认知情况,发现其对全日制专业硕士的认知存在偏差以及当前全日制专业学位教育的问题,并对社会、学校及学生个人等方面提出建议.  相似文献   

酒店业碳排放评估与节能减排潜力研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

黄崎  康建成  黄晨皓 《资源科学》2014,36(5):1013-1020

酒店业(Hospitality)的高速发展,面临着能耗巨大和环境保护的双重压力,要实现节能减排,必须对该行业的综合能耗进行有效合理的评估,但是目前对其研究还相对滞后。本研究根据酒店行业特点,参照IPCC推荐的国际通用方法,采用分解分析法,构建了具有酒店行业特征的综合能耗和碳排放评估模型。经过对上海等地区酒店最长达5年的第一手综合能耗数据的采集和分析,结果表明:①所跟踪的某五星级酒店连续5年年均综合能耗下降4%;显示高星级酒店通过综合技改,能使可比单位建筑能耗达到小于等于55kgce/(m2·a)的先进比拟值;②建筑时间在10~20年左右的二、三星级酒店,可比单位建筑能耗数值还远高于53kgce/(m2·a)的合理值;该酒店群在我国数量多,具有很大的节能减排潜力;③从能耗影响因素分析,酒店使用电力产生的间接碳排放是第一影响因素;从能耗的种类探究,酒店的暖通和空调占综合能耗比重最高。本研究对酒店业节能减排实施方案的制定有着前置作用,同时为该行业碳交易(MRV)的启动提供了基础性研究。  相似文献   

基于组织战略的高校教师柔性绩效评价体系研究     

童夏雨 《未来与发展》2014,(8):97-101

教师绩效评价对高校发展目标实现、高校教育质量和教师专业发展具有重要的意义。本文从高校教师劳动特点和心理需求角度,分析了柔性管理与教师绩效评价的契合度,从组织战略与教师绩效评价关系的角度,分析了两者结合所必须遵循的原则。在此基础上,提出了基于组织战略的高校教师柔性绩效评价体系,并对评价体系所包含的基本要素、要素特点和相互之间的关系进行了深入的研究。  相似文献