Relative age effects and academic timing in Canadian interuniversity football     

Laura Chittle  Sean Horton  Jess C. Dixon 《High Ability Studies》2018,29(1):65-78

Relative age effects (RAEs) explain the (dis)advantages individuals experience as a result of when they are born relative to a pre-determined cut-off date. Within an interuniversity setting, academic timing (AT) may moderate the RAE pattern due to some student-athletes having eligibility years that do not correspond with their birth years. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the RAE and AT on interuniversity football players. A series of chi-square goodness of fit tests (χ²) revealed no RAE when all student-athletes were analyzed together as well as among those who were delayed (i.e. eligibility years that correspond with a younger cohort), and a traditional RAE among those who were on-time (i.e. eligibility years that correspond with their year of birth). Student-athletes ranged between 1 and 12 years delayed, with the majority of these athletes being delayed by one (30.76%) or two years (30.97%). This study suggests that there may be advantages to student-athletes delaying their participation within football, as these delays may help mitigate the overall RAE by equalizing playing opportunities for relatively younger student-athletes. However, delaying eligibility raises concerns about equity, particularly for those progressing to interuniversity football directly out of high school who may have to compete for roster spots against student-athletes who may be up to 12 years delayed.  相似文献   

管理者交易的市场择时能力及其市场影响:文献评述     

陈乾坤 《唐山学院学报》2013,(4):39-45,58

管理者可以择时进行获利性交易,而交易动机各不相同。为了提高市场透明度,要求管理者披露其交易行为,然而披露延迟问题影响了股票的定价效率;外部投资者会跟随管理者进行交易,因为市场会认为管理者的交易是公司未来前景的重要信息来源。此外,管理者交易也给市场带来了不同程度的流动性影响。文章在合法的管理者交易的背景下,对管理者交易的市场择时能力、交易动机及其对股票市场的影响进行文献评述,并展望发展趋势。  相似文献   

Variance and Invariance in Expert and Novice Triple Junipers     

Brian K. V. Maraj PhD  Digby Elliott  Timothy D. Lee  Barbara J. Pollock 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):404-412

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine relative timing, relative distance, and effector independence characteristics of the triple jump. We videotaped expert and novice triple jumpers using standing and running starts. On some trials, the triple jumpers were required to take off from their nondominant leg. Gentner's (1987) interaction test was used to assess the proportional duration model in describing the timing of the component submovements. For both experts and novices, the proportional durations varied with the type of start. For experts, the relative timing of the jump components was independent of the take-off leg. The findings were mixed for the novices. Similar results were obtained when relative distance was examined. These results are discussed with respect to constructs related to variability in skilled performance.  相似文献   

The Development of Independent Study and Modern Languages Learning in Non-specialist Degree Courses: A case study     

《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2012,36(3):385-395

Increases in student numbers in recent years have led to the provision of self-access language centres in higher education institutions in the UK where specialist and non-specialist students of modern languages are expected to supplement limited class contact time with independent study. A well-resourced language centre does not, however, guarantee optimum and consistent use of it by students, as the 1996 HEFCE/DENI quality assurance reports for modern languages pointed out. In this article, we present the case study of one institution and the development of independent learning over a three year period from 1995-96 to 1998. Integrated classroom/language centre work and in-house materials (recommendations of the CIEL/SMILE report of 1998) are the norm but these alone were insufficient to guarantee weekly student attendance at the centre. We report on two surveys which investigated student attendance/non-attendance and describe measures taken to create a culture of independent learning  相似文献   

Return to competitive football after major knee surgery: more questions than answers?     

Mario Bizzini  Holly Jacinda Silvers 《Journal of sports sciences》2014,32(13):1209-1216

Abstract

Despite significant advances in the diagnostics and treatment of knee injuries over the last decade, several challenges related to the subject “return to sport” remain largely unknown. For example, how should “return to sport” be defined precisely? What is the optimal timing and progression to enable a return to sport? Which criteria should be used during this process? What type of training is indicated? Which measurements can support the decision-making process? How do we optimally prepare athletes for competition without risking re-injury?

This paper critically addresses these questions, and proposes a return to play model to prepare football players to compete after major knee surgery (anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, cartilage repair). The goal is to re-integrate the player gradually into the game, taking into account his individual characteristics. Several evidence-based and empirical criteria are needed to plan and monitor the efficient return to competitive football. Injury-prevention education should be part of this process to maximise the chance of a durable career and decrease the risk of re-injury.

However, because of the paucity of research on “return to sport”, further research is more than warranted.  相似文献   

浮点数值计算器FPU的后端设计及验证     

张俊峰  江涛  石荣刚 《临沂师范学院学报》2009,31(6):132-135

数值数据处理器（NDP）芯片已问世多年,但对类xx87系列的研究仍在持续．本文旨在开发具有我国自主知识产权与xx87完全兼容的专用芯片,采用的是先进的0．18μmCMOS工艺,采用布局布线工具Astro按照版图规划、版图布局和版图布线的流程,生成最终的版图文件GDSⅡ,实现了从netlist到GDSⅡ的转换．  相似文献   

基于训练序列的OFDM粗帧定时同步算法分析     

方向红 《中国科技信息》2009,(15):105-107

本文详细分析了OFDM系统基于训练序列的三种定时同步算法.这三种算法采用了不同的训练序列,但都基于能量归一化的最大相关原则.利用定时错误概率对三种定时同步算法性能进行了比较.Matlab仿真结果可以看出:Schmidl & Cox定时同步算法方差较大,Park& Cheon定时同步算法最为稳定,而Minn &Letaief算法性能介于两者之间.本文的分析为OFDM符号定时同步的应用研究提供了一定的借鉴作用.  相似文献   

竞争条件下企业专利商业化时机研究     

吴建祖  陈雪丽 《软科学》2010,24(10)

假定专利商业化项目价值服从跳扩散过程来模拟专利商业化中市场不确定和随机竞争者带来的不确定的特点。研究了在竞争条件下,企业如何进行专利商业化时机选择,才能最大化专利商业化投资机会价值。分析了竞争者的进入速度和竞争者对市场的冲击对专利商业化时机及专利商业化投资机会价值的影响。得出:竞争者的进入速度和竞争者对市场的冲击越大,企业越有动力提早将专利商业化。  相似文献   

篮球变向运球突破组合技术的动作方法及其技术分析     

王金连  徐春林 《武汉体育学院学报》2002,36(5):69-70

依据篮球技术运用的实效性原则，对三种篮球变方向运球突破组合技术的运作方法进行了论述，并对运球突破组合技术中运用时机、合理动作、合理运用、合理组合等几个关键环节做了分析与讨论。  相似文献   

阻尼振动实验的改进     

许江荣 《淮南师范学院学报》2001,3(3):119-120

将光电系统的精确计时特性引入到阻尼震动实验中，可准确地测量出半衰期，并提供了一种判断A0及A0/2位置的简便方法，从而提高了测量的精确度。  相似文献