开拓者的形象与足迹--新疆兵团中短篇小说创作纵论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

艾光辉 《新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2001,22(2):72-83

文章论述了兵团中短篇小说的发展历程."文革"前的作品文献价值大于艺术价值.进入新时期以后,恢复了新文学现实主义的优良传统,小说的描写领域呈现不断拓展的态势,力求塑造出丰满的、具有立体感的人物形象.  相似文献   

R&D co-operation and innovation a microeconometric study on French firms     

S. Negassi 《Research Policy》2004,33(3):365-384

The scope of this paper is to report new empirical evidence on the determinants of R&D co-operation. Indeed, the literature on the capabilities of firms emphasises the role of knowledge in the performance and evolution of firms who use knowledge developed in others to build their own knowledge capital. R&D co-operation between firms is one of the many strategies by which this knowledge may be transmitted. Several theoretical models have stressed that R&D co-operation is more likely when the level of spillovers is high. While this supposition is used in many theoretical models, it has rarely been tested before. Our results do not lend strong support to this intuition. Indeed, our spillover variables (national pure spillovers, national rent spillovers and imports of machine tools), which were supposed to match the theoretical notion of spillovers used in these theoretical models have a positive but not a significant role when explaining R&D co-operation. The R&D co-operation increases with size and with R&D intensity, but not with market share. It also increases with the budget spent on paying license fees and on acquiring patents and labour from foreign firms. In this study, we also analyse the determinants of innovation. In more precise terms, we compare the effects of R&D co-operation to those played by traditional internal factors and those exerted by external, pure and rent spillovers on the innovation capacity of the firms. Our results show that the commercial success of innovations of French firms depends mainly on size, market share, R&D intensity and human capital. Inward FDI from industrialised countries exerts a positive and significant effect. The finding highlights the important role of the absorptive capacity of firms. Spillover measurements, such as the acquisition of machine tools, foreign patents, licenses, and technological opportunities have a positive impact on innovation.  相似文献   

安徽铁线莲属一新种     

薛兆文  王学文 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1986,24(5):406-407

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微型打印机在单片机系统中的应用     

常喜 《科技广场》2007,(1):207-208

微型打印机是各种智能化仪表、仪器及各种单片机系统的重要输出设备。本文介绍应用89C51单片机控制微型打印机实现打印功能的设计和实现方法,并给出89C51单片机控制微型打印机的硬件设计及其C语言软件的实现。  相似文献   

网上银行B2C电子支付系统的设计     

张巍 《科教文汇》2007,(8)

本文探讨了设计网上银行支付系统所需要的安全技术,对支付系统的安全性进行了研究,设计了支付系统应具备的功能,设计了系统模型和流程,给出了一种网上银行B2C电子支付系统的安全、可靠,便捷的解决方案.  相似文献   

The innovative performance of in-house and contracted R&D in terms of patents and utility models     

Pilar Beneito 《Research Policy》2006,35(4):502-517

The standard empirical framework for analysing the R&D-patents relationship is widened both by examining the different role of in-house and contracted R&D in the innovative performance of firms, and by considering patents and utility models counts as measures of innovation output. Patents and utility models are considered to approximate for significant and incremental innovations, respectively. Applying count data econometrics to a panel data set of Spanish manufacturing firms surveyed in the period 1990-1996, a transcendental production function is estimated, which allows for non-constant elasticities of the R&D inputs. The results indicate that significant innovations are mainly gestated in-house, whereas contracted R&D seems more orientated towards innovations of incremental nature.  相似文献   

藤麻(荨麻科)的一个新异名     

林祁  陈家瑞 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2005,1(1):79-81

根据对Elatostema gagnepainianum H. Schröter模式材料的研究,为它指定了后选模式,并将其处理为藤麻Procris crenata C. B. Robinson的新异名。  相似文献   

浅谈我院综合教务管理系统的构建   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘与愿 《情报探索》2006,(2):116-119

在总结厦门理工学院实施教务管理系统建设的经验基础上,对教务管理系统的整体方案、结构设计和功能模块等作了比较系统的介绍。  相似文献   

Knowledge-relatedness in firm technological diversification   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Stefano BreschiFrancesco Lissoni  Franco Malerba 《Research Policy》2003,32(1):69-87

This paper claims that knowledge-relatedness is a key factor in affecting firms’ technological diversification. The hypothesis is tested that firms extend the range of their innovative activities in a non-random way. Specifically, we test the extent to which firms diversify their innovative activities across related technological fields, i.e. fields that share a common knowledge base and rely upon common heuristics and scientific principles. The paper proposes an original measure of knowledge-relatedness, using co-classification codes contained in patent documents, and examines the patterns of technological diversification of the whole population of firms from the United States, Italy, France, UK, Germany, and Japan patenting to the European Patent Office from 1982 to 1993. Robust evidence is found that knowledge-relatedness is a major feature of firms’ innovative activities.  相似文献   

Habilitationsverfahren; Gutachten; Beweiswürdigung     

Schwar 《Zeitschrift für Hochschulrecht, Hochschulmanagement und Hochschulpolitik: zfhr》2007,6(4):129

Der Umstand, dass fünf Gutachten zum Ergebnis gelangt seien, die im Habilitationsverfahren vorgelegten Arbeiten würden die wissenschaftliche Qualifikation des Habilitanden iSd § 28 Abs 5 UOG 1993 erweisen, w?hrend nur eines eine gegenteilige Auffassung vertrete, besagt für sich nichts über die inhaltliche Richtigkeit der einen oder der anderen Auffassung. Eine Bindung der Beh?rde an die "klare Mehrheit" der in den eingeholten Gutachten vertretenen Auffassung besteht nicht. Vielmehr ist iSd § 45 Abs 2 des im Habilitationsverfahren anzuwendenden AVG der im Wege der Beweiswürdigung zu ermittelnde "innere Wahrheitsgehalt" der Ergebnisse des Beweisverfahrens ma?geblich, wobei die bei der Beweiswürdigung ma?gebenden Erw?gungen in der Begründung des Bescheides klar und übersichtlich zusammenzufassen sind.  相似文献