论新时期以来的浩然小说创作     

李杰俊 《内江师范学院学报》2014,(7):46-51

新时期以来,浩然可谓“两条腿走路”,一是用新作品显示“真实品德和新生”,从《山水情》到《苍生》奋起直追,创作了一系列中长篇小说。这些小说,做了有保留的反思,在其50-70年代小说创作的“常”与“变”中徘徊着前进,也不乏小说式精神自传色彩。一是创作自传体小说,“把自己说清楚”。这些小说具有很高的社会史料价值和文学审美价值。新时期以来的浩然小说创作,可谓为霞尚满天,应引起我们重视。  相似文献   

Effort is virtuous: teacher preferences of pupil effort,ability and grading in physical education     

Stuart Biddle  Marios Goudas 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(3):350-355

Based on contemporary psychological approaches to attribution and emotions, this paper reports on three groups of pre‐ and inservice teachers and their preferences for different grading criteria for pupils based on the amount of effort and ability displayed in physical education. Consistent with our hypothesis derived from social psychological theories of social emotion, we found a clear preference for working with pupils who show effort. Two primary education student samples preferred students to achieve success in PE through effort rather than ability, whereas a sample of secondary PE teachers had a slight preference for high effort and high ability. This confirms other attributional research where ‘effort is virtuous’. As far as grading procedures were concerned, all three groups preferred to use pupil progress and effort the most. Scores on physical fitness tests and the performance of pupils relative to others were the least preferred options. Effort‐based grading procedures were correlated with a preference for pupils who showed high effort. All groups showed a preference to work with pupils who try hard and to grade them on this, as well as personal progress. There was little desire to assess pupils normatively.  相似文献   

Combining physical and cognitive training to improve kindergarten children’s executive functions: A cluster randomized controlled trial     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2020

Considering the convincing evidence that executive functions predict academic achievement significantly, strategies to foster executive functions in the early school years are highly requested. Besides traditional cognitive training, combined physical and cognitive interventions are intended to be a feasible way of enhancing both children’s daily physical activity and executive functions. The purpose of the present study was therefore to test the effectiveness of a six-week combined physical-cognitive intervention, and to compare it to both a sedentary cognitive intervention and a waitlist control group. Using a between-subjects experimental design, 189 children aged between four and six years (M = 5.34, SD = 0.59) were recruited from 14 kindergarten classes, which were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions: (a) combined physical and cognitive training, (b) sedentary cognitive training or (c) waitlist control group. Before and after the interventions, all three core executive functions of updating, inhibition and shifting were measured. Physical activity was objectively measured using accelerometers during one intervention session. Linear mixed models revealed that children from both the combined physical-cognitive and the sedentary cognitive intervention improved their updating performance compared to the children of the control group. Inhibition and shifting remained unaffected by both interventions. With respect to children’s daily physical activity, linear mixed models showed that only the combined physical-cognitive intervention could significantly increase the amount of step counts. The results underline the feasibility of combined physical-cognitive interventions to enhance children’s daily physical activity and their cognitive performance.  相似文献   

无密度制约的Lotka-Volterra模型捕食-食饵系统同时捕获的最优化     

殷华敏  霍锦霞 《保山学院学报》2010,(5):44-47

对无密度制约的Lotka-Volterra模型捕食-食饵系统的平衡点进行了定性分析,从生态学意义上解释了中心奇点外周围周期解的存在性。此外分λ为已知正常数和λ未知两种情况给出了此系统的两种群同时捕获时的最大持续受益的条件。  相似文献   

促销努力和生产不确定下的VMI契约研究          下载免费PDF全文

李新然  黎高  牟宗玉 《科研管理》2012,33(4):131-138

本文在促销努力影响市场需求和具有生产不确定的VMI供应链下,先后分析了集中和分散控制下供应商和销售商的决策问题,讨论了生产不确定对供应商潜在成本和决策的影响,并建立了销量回扣和回购相结合的契约模型。在此基础上,分析了契约对销售商、供应商决策以及整体供应链收益的影响,研究表明契约能够促使销售商增加促销努力和订货量,供应商增加计划生产量,从而改善供应链的收益,并提出了进一步实现供应链最优收益水平的途径。最后,通过数值分析验证了本文的结论。  相似文献   

加强家校合作 形成教育合力   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张怡 《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2009,(6):35-38

育人工作是一个全方位的系统工作,需要各方面的互相配合,尤其是学校和家庭之间应该架起沟通与合作的桥梁。文章以上海师范大学康城实验学校为例,探讨应该怎样开展家校合作从而形成教育合力：了解家庭教育的现状是建立家校合作关系的前提;成立相关组织机构并开展丰富多彩的活动是进行家校合作的平台;开展课题研究是家校合作的助推器;社区是家校合作的重要依托。  相似文献   

Effects of knowing the task duration on players’ pacing patterns during soccer small-sided games     

Ricardo Ferraz  Bruno Gonçalves  Roland Van Den Tillaar  Sergio Jiménez Sáiz  Jaime Sampaio  Mário C. Marques 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(1):116-122

The aim of this study was to identify the influence of prior knowledge of exercise duration on players’ pacing patterns during soccer small-sided games. Twenty semi-professional male soccer players participated in this study. In the first game scenario, players were not informed how long they would be required to play the small-sided game and the activity was terminated after 20 min (Unknown Condition). In the second game scenario, players were told that they would play the small-sided game for 10 min, but immediately after completing the 10-min game, they were asked to complete another 10 min (Partially Condition). In the third game scenario, players were instructed that they would play the small-sided game for 20 min and then they completed the 20-min game (Known Condition). The results presented a tendency of higher values in all performance variables in the [0′–10′] min compared with the [10′–20′] min. As the players’ previous knowledge about the tasks duration increased, the performance between two moments tended to be similar. Considering the entire 20-min game duration, the Partially Condition of the exercise was the most demanding condition. In conclusion, the knowledge of shorter durations of the exercise seems to lead to an increase of exercise duration demand, and longer exercise durations possibly tend to decrease differences between full knowledge and not knowing the exercise duration.  相似文献   

Mental fatigue alters the speed and the accuracy of the ball in table tennis     

Yann Le Mansec  Benjamin Pageaux  Antoine Nordez  Sylvain Dorel 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(23):2751-2759

ABSTRACT

This study aimed at evaluating the effects of mental and muscle fatigue on table tennis performance. Mental fatigue (MF) was induced by completion of 90 minutes of the AX-CPT; muscle fatigue was induced by completion of an eccentric exercise performed with the elbow flexors (biceps fatigue, BF) or the knee extensors (quadriceps fatigue, QF). The control condition consisted of watching a movie. Stroke parameters (speed and accuracy of the ball), as well as feelings of fatigue and force production capacity of the elbow flexors (BF, MF and control conditions) and knee extensors (QF condition), were assessed pre and post fatigue protocols. Feelings of fatigue increased post fatigue protocols. Force production capacity decreased only in the BF and QF conditions. BF and MF induced a decrease in accuracy. This decrease in accuracy was associated with an increased ball speed in the BF condition, and a decreased ball speed in the MF condition. QF had a negligible effect on stroke performance. Our results suggest that both mental fatigue, and muscle fatigue, significantly impair table tennis performance and therefore coaches should take into account both the physical and mental state of table tennis players to optimize performance.  相似文献   

Accuracy of primary school children’s immediate and delayed judgments of learning about problem-solving tasks     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2018

Accuracy of students’ judgments of learning (JOLs) plays an important role in self-regulated learning. Most studies on JOL accuracy have focused on learning word pairs and text but problems-solving tasks are also very important in education. This study investigated whether children in grade 3 could differentiate in their JOLs between problem-solving tasks that varied in complexity. Participants (N = 76, 8–10 years old) engaged in solving four arithmetic problems, rated mental effort invested in each problem, gave either immediate or delayed JOLs, and completed a test containing isomorphic problems. The negative correlation that was found between invested mental effort and JOLs suggested that children's JOLs are sensitive to differences in complexity of the problem-solving tasks. Results on the relative and absolute accuracy of JOLs showed that immediate JOLs were numerically higher than delayed JOLs, and relative accuracy of immediate JOLs was moderately accurate, whereas delayed JOLs were not.  相似文献   

基于多任务处理模式的同声传译     

房青 《娄底师专学报》2009,(3):120-122

多任务处理模式（Effort Models）认为同声传译是一个三种精力交织、共存的配合过程,即：同声传译：听力与分析＋短期记忆＋言语表达＋协调。多任务处理模式不仅为同声传译提供了理论基础,而且为同传译员的素质培养和工作中应采取的同传策略带来启迪。  相似文献